1,721,466 research outputs found
Probing the transverse dynamics and polarization of gluons inside the proton at the LHC
Full text linkTransverse momentum dependent gluon distributions encode fundamental information on the structure of the proton. Here we show how they can be accessed in heavy quarkonium production in proton-proton collisions at the LHC. In particular, their first determination could come from the study of an isolated J/? or ? particle, produced back to back with a photon
Eicosanoids and aneurysms
No full textIn the inflammatory process underlying aneurysm onset and progression, eicosanoidsseem to have an important role. Different hypotheses have been tested to describe thecourse of action.Interestingly, the imbalanced synthesis of cyclooxygenase-derived thromboxane A2and prostacyclins seems to be involved in Marfan syndrome. Neutrophil derivedleukotriene B4 and prostaglandin E2 simultaneously have an important role in smoothmuscle cell viability, inflammatory processes and expansion of aneurysm.The involvement of eicosanoids in aneurysm pathophysiology suggested the effect ofnonsteroidal antinflammatory drugs by reducing both inflammation and proteolysis inaneurysm wal
Due temi weberiani nella storia delle religioni
No full textIn un saggio pubblicato nel 2016 negli Atti del Convegno «Pompei e l’Europa» , Edoardo Massimilla discute l’analisi weberiana degli dèi greci e romani, che compare nel primo capitolo di «Comunità religiose» in una sezione incentrata sull’origine della credenza in potenze sovraumane e sui processi di Pantheonbildung. Lo studioso evidenzia due temi della riflessione di Weber: il rapporto tra la rappresentazione antropomorfica degli dèi e la delimitazione delle loro competenze nel contesto del confronto tra politeismo greco e romano; la «connessione storica» che unisce a Roma agire religioso e pensiero giuridico razionale. Entrambi i temi sono stati e sono tuttora oggetto di dibattito nella storia delle religioni. L'obiettivo di questo saggio è indagarne la recezione e rifrazione, alla luce di casi di studio particolarmente significativi, ricostruendo una micro-costellazione di autori e testi
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Striatal and nigral muscarinic type 1 and type 4 receptors modulate levodopa-induced dyskinesia and striato-nigral pathway activation in 6-hydroxydopamine hemilesioned rats
Full text linkAcetylcholine muscarinic receptors (mAChRs) contribute to both the facilitation and inhibition of levodopa-induced dyskinesia operated by striatal cholinergic interneurons, although the receptor subtypes involved remain elusive. Cholinergic afferents from the midbrain also innervate the substantia nigra reticulata, although the role of nigral mAChRs in levodopa-induced dyskinesia is unknown. Here, we investigate whether striatal and nigral M1 and/or M4 mAChRs modulate dyskinesia and the underlying striato-nigral GABAergic pathway activation in 6-hydroxydopamine hemilesioned rats. Reverse microdialysis allowed to deliver the mAChR antagonists telenzepine (M1 subtype preferring), PD-102807 and tropicamide (M4 subtype preferring), as well as the selective M4 mAChR positive allosteric modulator VU0152100 in striatum or substantia nigra, while levodopa was administered systemically. Dyskinetic movements were monitored along with nigral GABA (and glutamate) and striatal glutamate dialysate levels, taken as neurochemical correlates of striato-nigral pathway and cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop activation. We observed that intrastriatal telenzepine, PD-102807 and tropicamide alleviated dyskinesia and inhibited nigral GABA and striatal glutamate release. This was partially replicated by intrastriatal VU0152100. The M2 subtype preferring antagonist AFDX-116, used to elevate striatal acetylcholine levels, blocked the behavioral and neurochemical effects of PD-102807. Intranigral VU0152100 prevented levodopa-induced dyskinesia and its neurochemical correlates whereas PD-102807 was ineffective. These results suggest that striatal, likely postsynaptic, M1 mAChRs facilitate dyskinesia and striato-nigral pathway activation in vivo. Conversely, striatal M4 mAChRs can both facilitate and inhibit dyskinesia, possibly depending on their localization. Potentiation of striatal and nigral M4 mAChR transmission leads to powerful multilevel inhibition of striato-nigral pathway and attenuation of dyskinesia
Probing TMDs through azimuthal distributions of pions inside a jet in hadronic collisions
No full textThe azimuthal distributions around the jet axis of leading pions produced in the jet fragmentation process in pp collisions are studied within the framework of the so-called generalized parton model. The observable leading-twist azimuthal asymmetries are estimated in kinematic configurations presently investigated at RHIC. It is shown how the main contributions coming from the Collins and Sivers effects can be disentangled. In addition, a test of the process dependence of the Sivers function is provided
Azimuthal distributions of pions inside jets at RHIC
No full textWe evaluate the azimuthal asymmetries for the distributions of leading pions inside a jet, produced in high-energy proton-proton collisions, in kinematic configurations currently under active investigation at RHIC. Adopting a transverse momentum dependent approach, which assumes the validity of a perturbative QCD factorization scheme and takes into account all the spin and intrinsic parton motion effects, we show how the main mechanisms underlying these asymmetries, namely the Sivers and the Collins effects, can be disentangled. Furthermore, we consider the impact of color-gauge invariant initial and final state interactions and suggest a method for testing the universality properties of the Sivers function for quarks
Azimuthal Distributions of Pions inside a Jet in Hadronic Collisions
No full textUsing a generalized parton model approach including spin and intrinsic parton motion effects, and assuming the validity of factorization for large pT jet production in hadronic collisions, we study the azimuthal distribution around the jet axis of leading pions, produced in the jet fragmentation process. We identify the observable leading-twist azimuthal asymmetries, which are generated by all the physically allowed combinations of transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton distribution and fragmentation functions. In particular, we show how one can isolate the Collins and Sivers contributions, and suggest a test of the process dependence of the Sivers function by considering the effect of color-gauge invariant initial and final state interactions
- …
