1,720,995 research outputs found
Zookeepers’ perception of zoo canid welfare and its effect on job satisfaction, worldwide
Full text linkRecently, zookeepers’ role in monitoring and assessing zoo animal welfare is gaining importance. One hundred-sixteen zoo canid keepers responded to an online questionnaire aimed at assessing, on a 1 to 5 scoring scale, their perception of the importance and fulfilment of the Brambell’s Freedoms for zoo canids, the bond with canids under their care, and their level of job satisfaction. Results showed that zookeepers perceive the Brambell’s Freedoms as highly important (median = 5, min–max = 3–5), but not equally guaranteed (median = 3, min–max = 1–5, p < 0.01). Although there was no difference in their perception of the importance of each freedom, those related to psychological issues (median = 3, min–max = 1–5) were perceived as significantly less guaranteed than those addressing physical needs (median = 4.5, min–max = 1–5, Mann–Whitney U test, p < 0.01). Female zookeepers tended to perceive all freedoms as more important (Ordinal Logistic Regression model, p = 0.009), as well as more guaranteed (Ordinal Logistic Regression model, p = 0.007), than male zookeepers. Regardless of gender, a more positive perception of the Brambell’s Freedoms for zoo canids was associated with higher job satisfaction (Mann–Whitney U test, p < 0.01, ρ = 0.241). The latter was also positively correlated with zookeepers’ perception of the strength of the bond with the canids under their care (Spearman Rho’s correlation, p = 0.01, ρ = 0.230). Our results highlight the need for zoos to focus on guaranteeing psychological welfare of their canids. Enhancing animal welfare may increase zookeepers’ job satisfaction
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Hopping displacements of rabbit does kept in a collective housing system
No full textRestriction of movement expressed as the inability of performing three consecutive hops is considered a main welfare consequence in farmed rabbits, whereas few information on their hopping behaviour is available. The present study compared the hopping behaviour of 72 reproducing does of two genotypes (Grimaud vs. Hycole) housed in 18 collective parks (2.0 m × 1.0 m, 4 animals) without enrichment, or enriched with a platform, or with platform and pipes. After weaning of litters (33 d), the activity of does was video-recorded for 24 hours. Single, double, triple, and multiple consecutive hops were scored during 30 min per h. The data (total number of events and rate of total events during 12-h observation per park) were submitted to ANOVA by PROC GLM of SAS with genotype, pen enrichment and interactions as main effects and pen as an experimental unit. On average, 985 hopping events per pen were observed during 12 h which corresponded to 20.5 hopping events per rabbit doe in 30 min. Single hops accounted for 56.1% of total hopping events; double hops stand at 19.6%, while triple hops and multiple hops at 12.7% and 11.6% respectively, without significant differences according to genotype or park enrichment. Taking into account the location, hopping events observed on the floor were obviously higher in non-enriched pens compared to pens with platform or platform + pipes (100%, 72.0% and 83.2% of total events; p < .001). The difference was significant for single (54.6%, 42.6% and 51.8% of total events; p = .06), double (22.3%, 12.2% and 14.5%; p = .001) and triple hops (12.2%, 9.21% and 9.88%; p = .10). As for hops performed to move between the floor and the platform, their rate was significantly higher in pens containing only the platform compared to those with platform + pipes (16.6% vs. 9.90%; p < .001) which was also associated with a higher rate of hopping events on the platform in the former pens compared to the latter (11.4% vs. 6.92%; p < .001). In conclusion, the hopping pattern was similar in the two genotypes. The presence of the pipes reduced the use of platforms, as for the lower number of hopping events between the floor and the platform and on the platform. Most hopping events did not overcome two (75.7% of total events) or three consecutive hops (88.4% of total events). Further data are necessary at different time points to get more knowledge about the behaviour of rabbits under commercial conditions with special reference to hopping behaviours and motivations
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Effect of grouping time and group stability on behavior and aggression among rabbit does in a part-time housing system
Full text linkTo evaluate aggression and behaviour of reproducing does in a part-time system, 48 crossbred multiparous rabbit does were housed in individual modules of a park system. A total of 12 parks with 4 does were formed by joining adjacent modules from 9 d before kindling until 2 d before kindling and from 2 d or 12 d after kindling (early or late grouping time, respectively) until weaning. Within grouping time, half of the parks maintained a stable group; the other half changed one doe every week. Behaviour in all parks was videorecorded for 24 h at 2 d, 12 d and 19 d after kindling. The number of total aggressive interactions significantly decreased from the grouping day to the 19th d of lactation (P0.05)
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
