186,776 research outputs found
Use of unsupervised and supervised artificial neural networks for the identification of lactic acid bacteria on the basis of SDS-PAGE patterns of whole cell proteins
No full textConventional multivariate statistical techniques (hierarchical cluster analysis, linear discriminant analysis) and unsupervised (Kohonen Self Organizing Map) and supervised (Bayesian network) artificial neural networks were compared for as tools for the classification and identification of 352 SDS-PAGE patterns of whole cell proteins of lactic acid bacteria belonging to 22 species of the genera Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc, Enterococcus, Lactococcus and Streptococcus including 47 reference strains.
Electrophoretic data were pre-treated using the logistic weighting function described by Piraino et al. [Piraino, P., Ricciardi, A., Lanorte, M. T., Malkhazova, I., Parente, E., 2002. A new procedure for data reduction in electrophoretic fingerprints of whole-cell proteins. Biotechnol. Lett. 24, 1477-1482]. Hierarchical cluster analysis provided a satisfactory classification of the patterns but was unable to discriminate some species (Leuconostoc, Lb. sakei/Lb. curvatus, Lb. acidophilus/Lb. helveticus, Lb. plantarum/Lb. paraplantarum, Lc. lactis/Lc. raffinolactis). A 7 × 7 Kohonen self-organizing map (KSOM), trained with the patterns of the reference strains, provided a satisfactory classification of the patterns and was able to discriminate more species than hierarchical cluster analysis. The map was used in predictive mode to identify unknown strains and provided results which in 85.5% of cases matched the classification obtained by hierarchical cluster analysis. Two supervised tools, linear discriminant analysis and a 23:5:2 Bayesian network were proven to be highly effective in the discrimination of SDS-PAGE patterns of Lc. lactis from those of other species. We conclude that data reduction by logistic weighting coupled to traditional multivariate statistical analysis or artificial neural networks provide an effective tool for the classification and identification of lactic acid bacteria on the basis of SDS-PAGE patterns of whole cell proteins
Il microcredito
No full textIl capitolo affronta la disciplina del contratto di microcredito, evidenziandone i tratti caratterizzanti e l'evoluzione che la figura ha subito sia sul piano economico sia sul paino della disciplina giuridica.This chapter addresses the regulations governing microcredit contract, highlighting their key features and the changes that this type of contract has undergone in both economic and legal terms
I finanziamenti alle imprese e i nuovi "meccanismi marciani"
No full textIl capitolo analizza la disciplina dei finanziamenti immobiliari alle imprese e si sofferma sulla previsione del patto marciano, confrontandone la disciplina con la figura generale di diritto comune e con la disciplina degli altri meccanismi marciani.This chapter analyses the regulations governing real estate financing for businesses and focuses on the Marciano pact, comparing its provisions with the general figure and with provisions of the other Marciano mechanisms
Il conto corrente bancario
No full textIl contributo analizza il contratto di conto corrente bancario, offrendone l'inquadramento dogmatico, le prestazioni caratterizzanti, specie quelle relative alla c.d. funzione monetaria del conto corrente bancario, e la relativa disciplina.The chapter analyses the bank account contract, providing a doctrinal framework, describing their characteristic performances, particularly those relating to the so-called monetary function of bank current accounts, and the relevant regulations
Introduzione a Vittorio Polacco, Le obbligazioni nel diritto civile italiano
No full textL'introduzione evidenzia i contenuti più significativi del celeberrimo volume di Vittorio Polacco "Le obbligazioni nel diritto civile italiano", tentando di inserirli all'interno del dibattito scientifico sull'obbligazione nell'Europa dell'inizio del XX secolo. Lo studio si ripropone di sottolineare i contributi più significativi offerti da Polacco all'evoluzione del diritto delle obbligazioni, soprattutto sul versante dei rimedi contro l'inadempimento.The introduction highlights the most significant contents of Vittorio Polacco's famous volume "The Obligations in Italian Civil Law", attempting to insert them into the scientific debate on obligations in early 20th century Europe. The study intends to underline the most significant contributions offered by Polacco to the evolution of the law of obligations, especially in terms of remedies against non-performance
Il danno non patrimoniale
No full textIl saggio affronta il tema del risarcimento del danno non patrimoniale nella prospettiva della revisione della disciplina del codice civile in materiale. L'autore analizza l'evoluzione della riflessione scientifica sul punto e gli orientamenti della giurisprudenza, tentando la razionalizzazione e l'integrazione delle conclusioni oggi prevalenti. Il saggio si chiude con una proposta di modifica dell'art. 2059 del codice civile.The essay addresses the issue of damages for non-pecuniary loss in the perspective of the revision of the discipline of the civil code in material. The author analyzes the evolution of scientific reflection on this point and the orientations of jurisprudence, attempting to rationalize and integrate the conclusions prevalent today. The essay closes with a proposal to amend art. 2059 of the civil cod
Da “Venezia e l'Oriente” al “Centro Studi di Civiltà e Spiritualità Comparate”
No full textQuesto capitolo descrive la nascita dell'Istituto Venezia e l'Oriente nel 1958 e la sua trasformazione e sviluppo fino ad oggi con la creazione del Centro Studi di Civilità e Spiritualità Comparate della Fondazione Giorgio Cini
Il danno alla persona
No full textIl saggio analizza il decisivo contributo di Renato Scognamiglio all'evoluzione del danno alla persona nell'ordinamento giuridico italiano. Dopo aver ripercorso gli studi dedicati da Scognamiglio al tema, il saggio verifica l'impatto di tali studi sulla della riflessione scientifica sul danno non patrimoniale e sugli orientamenti della giurisprudenza. L'autore propone una razionalizzazione e l'integrazione delle conclusioni oggi prevalenti al fine di ridurre, per quanto possibile, le oscillazioni interpretative e l'incertezza applicativa.The essay analyzes the decisive contribution of Renato Scognamiglio to the evolution of damage to the person in the Italian legal system. After having retraced the studies dedicated by Scognamiglio to the topic, the essay verifies the impact of these studies on the scientific reflection on non-pecuniary damage and on the orientations of jurisprudence. The author proposes a rationalization and integration of the conclusions prevalent today in order to reduce, as far as possible, the interpretative fluctuations and the applicative uncertainty
Estimating intergenerational income mobility on sub-optimal data. A machine learning approach
No full textMuch of the global evidence on intergenerational income mobility is based on sub-optimal data. In particular, two-stage techniques are widely used to impute parental incomes for analyses of lower-income countries and for estimating long-run trends across multiple generations and historical periods. We propose applying machine learning methods to improve the reliability and comparability of such estimates. Supervised learning algorithms minimize the out-of-sample prediction error in the parental income imputation and provide an objective criterion for choosing across different specifications of the first-stage equation. We use our approach on data from the United States and South Africa to show that under common conditions it can limit the bias generally associated to mobility estimates based on imputed parental income
Pelagia benovici sp. nov. (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa): a new jellyfish in the Mediterranean Sea.
No full textA bloom of an unknown semaestome jellyfish species was recorded in the North Adriatic Sea from September 2013 to early 2014. Morphological analysis of several specimens showed distinct differences from other known semaestome species in the Mediterranean Sea and unquestionably identified them as belonging to a new pelagiid species within genus
Pelagia. The new species is morphologically distinct from P. noctiluca, currently the only recognized valid species in the genus, and from other doubtful Pelagia species recorded from other areas of the world. Molecular analyses of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and nuclear 28S ribosomal DNA genes corroborate its specific distinction from
P. noctiluca and other pelagiid taxa, supporting the monophyly of Pelagiidae. Thus, we describe Pelagia benovici sp. nov. Piraino, Aglieri, Scorrano & Boero
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