178,430 research outputs found
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Does the Mass Balance of the Reactive Tracers Resazurin and Resorufin Close at the Microbial Scale?
No full textResazurin (Raz) is a phenoxazine dye that can be reduced irreversibly to the daughter compound resorufin (Rru) by aerobic respiration. Previous hydrologic studies using the Raz-Rru reactive tracer system to quantify water-sediment interactions and metabolic activity have reported that dilution-corrected masses of Raz and Rru recovered are smaller than the mass of Raz injected. This lack of mass balance closure has been reported as a nonideality of this tracer system and, to date, it is still unclear what drives incomplete recovery. We used controlled laboratory experiments varying the initial concentrations of Raz, the duration of the experiments, and the type of microbial communities present to quantify mass balances of Raz and Rru under conditions that removed other suspected causes of incomplete recovery in field experiments, i.e., sorption to sediments and photodecay. We used the summation of Raz and Rru concentrations over time to assess mass recovery and variability and found mass recoveries in the range of 85.6–110.4%, with a maximum standard deviation of 7.5%. In three of the four experiments, no strong temporal trend in mass recovery is present. In an experiment with Bacillus subtilis bacteria, lower recovery and evidence of a temporal trend in recovery only occurred after 13 hr past the complete transformation of Raz (i.e., beyond the duration of most field experiments). These results suggest that the lack of mass recovery in field studies is likely associated with physical or chemical mechanisms rather than biological interactions with the Raz-Rru tracer system
Spatial analysis model as a tool for the integral management of Acacia decurrens in the Tominé reservoir
No full textilustraciones, fotografías a color, mapasResulta de especial importancia optimizar el manejo integral de la colonización de A. decurrens en el Área Operativa Inundable (AOI) del embalse de Tominé, ya que el conocimiento amplio de la ecología y dinámica de la invasión de esta especie, permite determinar con claridad los factores que inciden en su expansión, los cuales, a su vez determinan la distribución espacial del evento y proporcionan la capacidad de modelar el fenómeno natural con el fin de simularlo. Dada esta necesidad de conocimiento, se plantea el objetivo de disponer con un algoritmo en Model Builder - ArcGIS que permita definir las áreas que requieran intervención prioritaria de manejo integral de A. decurrens dentro del AOI del embalse de Tominé, de acuerdo con el tiempo teórico de madurez sexual de la especie después de las intervenciones aleatorias realizadas por el Plan de Manejo Ambiental entre los años 2015 a 2022. (Texto tomado de la fuente)It is especially important to optimize the integral management of the colonization of A. decurrens in the Floodable Operational Area (AOI) of the Tominé reservoir, since the extensive knowledge of the ecology and dynamics of the invasion of this species, allows to clearly determine the factors that affect its expansion, which, in turn, determine the spatial distribution of the event and provide the ability to model the natural phenomenon. in order to simulate it. Given this need for knowledge, the objective is to have an algorithm in Model Builder - ArcGIS that allows defining the areas that require priority intervention for the comprehensive management of A. decurrens within the AOI of the Tominé reservoir, according to the theoretical time of sexual maturity of the species after the random interventions carried out by the Environmental Management Plan between the years 2015 and 2022.EspecializaciónEspecialista en Análisis Espacia
Letter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer, Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, October 2, 1942
No full textLetter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer at The Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, regarding property owned by Dave Tatsuno. Zellick mentions a dispute between current tenants and Tatsuno, and that Tatsuno has asked Goodman to help locate trustworthy tenants.Personal correspondence, organizational records, government documents, publications, and other papers created or collected by Joseph R. Goodman documenting the forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II, as well as organized resistance to incarceration. Included in the collection are records of the Japanese Young Men's Christian Association and the Japanese American Citizens' League in San Francisco, including papers of the Japanese YMCA's executive secretary Lincoln Kanai; Sakai family papers; Goodman's correspondence to and from Japanese American incarcerees, organizations opposing forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans, the War Relocation Authority, and others; publications, photographs, and ephemera from the Topaz Relocation Center, where Goodman taught high school; War Relocation Authority records and publications; and newspaper clippings, pamphlets, and reports about forced removal and incarceration created by various government, religious, and civic organizations, in California and nationwide
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Liftings for noncomplete probability spaces
No full textThe current state of knowledge concerning liftings for noncomplete probability spaces is discussed. This is a somewhat expanded version of the author's talk given at the 1991 Summer Conference on General Topology and Applications in Honor of Mary Ellen Rudin and Her Work.PT: S; CR: BURKE MR, IN PRESS P AM MATH S BURKE MR, 1991, ISRAEL J MATH, V73, P33 BURKE MR, 1992, ISRAEL J MATH, V79, P289 CARLSON T, THEOREM LIFTING CHRISTENSEN JPR, 1974, TOPOLOGY BOREL STRUC FREMLIN DH, 1989, HDB BOOLEAN ALGEBRAS, P877 INOESCUTULCEA A, 1966, 5TH P BERK S MATH ST, V2 IONESCUTULCEA A, 1967, CONTRIBUTIONS PROB 1, P63 IONESCUTULCEA A, 1969, TOPICS THEORY LIFTIN JECH TJ, 1978, SET THEORY JOHNSON RA, 1980, P AM MATH SOC, V80, P234 JUST W, IN PRESS T AM MATH S KUPKA J, 1983, INDIANA U MATH J, V32, P717 LOSERT V, 1983, LNM, V1080, P95 MAHARAM D, 1958, P AM MATH SOC, V9, P987 SHELAH S, 1983, ISRAEL J MATH, V45, P90 TALAGRAND M, 1982, P AM MATH SOC, V84, P379 VONNEUMANN J, 1931, CRELLES J MATH, V165, P109; NR: 18; TC: 0; J9: ANN N Y ACAD SCI; PG: 4; GA: BZ86BSource type: Electronic(1
Hansen, Lee (Lee R.). Union, non-union, and managerial pay plan state employees, 2008-2019
No full text1 online resource (2 pages)"July 1, 2021."Provides the number of union and non-union state employees in each of the last 14 years. Also provides the number of state employees paid under the state's managerial pay plan during each of those years. Updates OLR research report 2019-R-011
Bioethical tensions and feelings in the decision making of adequacy of therapeutic effort by surrogate resulting in a do-not-resuscitate order for hospitalized patients
No full textEste es un estudio original en el que se desarrolló una investigación cualitativa de diseño etnográfico que explora las tensiones bioéticas y los sentimientos en los sustitutos que toman la decisión de adecuación del esfuerzo terapéutico que lleva a la directriz de no reanimación para pacientes hospitalizados, utilizando como herramientas de investigación grupos focales, entrevistas a profundidad, observación participante y revisión documental. Se analizaron los conflictos bioéticos y los sentimientos en un grupo de participantes (familiares, médicos y enfermeras) que han actuado como sustitutos en este tipo de decisiones, y los hallazgos se analizaron a la luz de la ética convergente de Ricardo Maliandi (con énfasis en el conflicto logos-pathos), la perspectiva psicológica de Antonio Damásio y la teoría psicoanalítica clásica de Freud. Los resultados demuestran la presencia de importantes conflictos bioéticos y emocionales en los sustitutos, así como el uso de mecanismos de defensa psicológicos individuales, al momento de afrontar este tipo de decisiones.Doctor en BioéticaDoctoradoThis is an original study in which a qualitative ethnographic design research was developed, which explores bioethical tensions and feelings in surrogates who make the decision to adequate the therapeutic effort that leads to the order of non-resuscitation for hospitalized patients, using as research tools focus groups, in-depth interviews, participant observation and documentary review. Bioethical conflicts and feelings were analyzed in a group of participants (family members, doctors, and nurses) who have acted as surrogates in this type of decision, and the findings were analyzed in the light of Ricardo Maliandi's convergent ethics (with emphasis on the logos-pathos conflict), Antonio Damásio's psychological perspective, and Freud's classical psychoanalytic theory. Results demonstrate the presence of important bioethical and emotional conflicts in surrogates, as well as the use of individual psychological defense mechanisms, when facing this type of decision
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