1,721,528 research outputs found
Jovens adultos: populaçao em risco para iniciar o cunsumo de tabaco
Full text linkEl fumar tabaco es la principal causa de mortalidad prevenible en el mundo. Se estima que para el año 2030 el consumo de tabaco será la causa de 8 millones de muertes anualmente; el 80% de estas ocurrirán en países en desarrollo como Colombia (1). Según datos de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, el 25% de los adolescentes tiene su primer contacto con el cigarrillo durante el colegio, y de estos un 20% desarrollarán dependencia a la nicotina (2-5). El aumento en la tasa de fumadores en los últimos años se encuentra en relación con el aumento del consumo en la población adolescente y adulta joven, lo cual probablemente esté en relación con lo promovido por las empresas tabacaleras quienes han cambiado su población de enfoque hacia los jóvenes (6). En nuestro país, la Encuesta Mundial de Tabaquismo que se llevó a cabo en las principales ciudades del país, mostró una prevalencia del 29.8% de fumadores en estudiantes de secundaria (4). Sin embargo, según estos datos se puede inferir que existe un amplio porcentaje de población adulta joven, principalmente entre la edad de 17-21 años conocido como la adolescencia tardía (7), que se encuentra terminando secundaria e iniciando estudios universitarios o vida laboral y quienes aún persisten en riesgo de adquirir el hábito de fumar; por lo tanto la implementación de políticas sanitarias preventivas que apunten a esta población son necesarias en nuestro país y a nivel mundial. Esta carta al editor tiene como finalidad generar conciencia y alertar sobre la importancia del impacto del consumo de tabaco en la población universitaria o de adultos jóvenes, así como de los factores que están asociados a este proceso mencionando experiencias y evidencia local.Tobacco smoking is the leading cause of preventable mortality in the world. It is estimated that by the year 2030, tobacco consumption will be the cause of 8 million deaths annually; 80% of these will occur in developing countries like Colombia (1). According to data from the World Health Organization, 25% of adolescents have their first contact with cigarettes during school, and of these 20% will develop nicotine dependence (2-5). The increase in the rate of smokers in recent years is in relation to the increase in consumption in the adolescent and young adult population, which is probably in relation to what is promoted by tobacco companies who have changed their population of focus towards young (6). In our country, the World Tobacco Survey that was carried out in the main cities of the country, showed a prevalence of 29.8% of smokers in high school students (4). However, according to these data, it can be inferred that there is a large percentage of young adult population, mainly between the age of 17-21 years known as late adolescence (7), which is finishing high school and starting university studies or working life and those who are still at risk of acquiring the habit of smoking; therefore, the implementation of preventive health policies that target this population are necessary in our country and worldwide. The purpose of this letter to the editor is to raise awareness and warn about the importance of the impact of tobacco use on the university population or young adults, as well as the factors that are associated with this process, mentioning experiences and local evidence
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Replication Data for: The Role of Self-Confidence in Teamwork : Experimental Evidence
No full textThis replication package is related to the article "The Role of Self-Confidence in Teamwork: Experimental Evidence". It contains all programs to reproduce the results of the experiment
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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