148 research outputs found
Effect of head and tongue posture on the pharyngeal airway dimensions and morphology in three-dimensional imaging: a systematic review
Get PDFObjectives: Natural head position is recommended to be optimal at cone-beam computed tomography acquisition. For standardization
purposes in control of treatment outcome, it is clinically relevant to discuss, if a change of posture from natural
head position may have an effect on the pharyngeal airway dimensions and morphology, during computed tomography, conebeam
computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging acquisition. This was the aim of the present literature review
study for purposes of valid evidence, which was hypothesized, to be present.
Material and Methods: This systematic literature review has been registered in PROSPERO database with following number:
CRD42015024567. A systematic literature search performed in PubMed, Embase and Cochrane was carried out in order to
evaluate if the effect of human head or tongue posture has an effect on upper airway dimensions and morphology in CT, CBCT
or MRI. Study quality assessment was performed. Predictor variable was head and tongue posture. Endpoints were numerical
values of upper airway dimensions and morphology.
Results: Overall 1344 articles (Embase 1063, PubMed 269, and Cochrane 12) resulted in four included publications. Quality
assessments revealed poor quality and low-level evidence by 46 - 67% of the maximum achievable score. Heterogeneous
methodology made a meta-analysis impossible, consequently a narrative synthesis was performed.
Conclusions: Limited, poor quality and low evidence level literature is available on the effect of head posture on upper airway
dimensions and morphology in three-dimensional imaging. Valid evidence requires a standardized method of head and tongue
posture during image acquisition in future studies
Paul et virginie: paratextos e textos em traduções brasileiras nos séculos XX e XXI
Get PDFTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Estudos da Tradução, Florianópolis, 2014.A presente tese tem como objetivo principal uma proposta de retradução comentada do romance Paut et Virginie do escritor francês Bernardin de Saint-Pierre. Como objetivo secundário, propõe-se uma análise das traduções brasileiras deste romance de 1906 à 2008 no sistema literário brasileiro sob o aspecto da "Visualização das Traduções" bem como um estudo dos paratextos traduzidos e não traduzidos. Tanto para a análise tradutória quanto para a retradução, são estudados trechos representativos a partir da teoria de Antoine Berman (1995), Gerard Genette (2010), Lawrence Venuti (1995). A análise dos excertos de narrativa poética baseia-se principalmente na teoria de Jean-Yves Tadié (1994).Abstract : The present work aims at proposing a commented retranslation on the novel Paul et Virginie, by the French author Bernardin de Saint-Pierre. As a secondary objective, we propose an analysis of the Brazilian translations of this novel from 1906 to 2008 into the Brazilian literary system under the perspective of "View of Translations" and a study of the translated and not translated paratexts. For both the translational analysis and the retranslation we used representative excerpts from the theoretical principles of Antoine Berman (1995), Gerard Genette (2010), and Lawrence Venuti (1995). The analysis of the excerpts of the poetic narrative is based mainly on Jean-Yves Tadié's theory
Gastric and esophagus events before and during treatment of osteoporosis
No full textUdgivelsesdato: 2010-FebPrior studies have indicated an excess risk of gastroduodenal ulcers and esophagus perforations with the use of bisphosphonates. However, little is known about the contribution of comorbid conditions and concomitant drug use on this risk. We studied the risk of esophagus and gastric events in patients on a wide range of drugs against osteoporosis both before and after initiation of these drugs. We studied a nationwide register-based cohort from Denmark with all users of drugs against osteoporosis between 1996 and 2006 (n = 103,562) as cases and three age- and sex-matched controls from the general population (n = 310,683). In a crude analysis, most drugs were already associated with an increased risk of esophagitis, esophageal ulcerations, or esophageal perforations or gastroduodenal ulcers before initiation of the drugs. Upon adjustment, this excess risk disappeared for most drugs except parathyroid hormone and its analogues, etidronate and clodronate. Only for etidronate, alendronate, and raloxifene were sufficient data present for events after initiation of the drugs, and for these, an increased risk was present for all events except gastroduodenal ulcers with raloxifene. Several drugs against osteoporosis are associated with an increased risk of esophagitis, esophageal ulcers, esophageal perforation, and gastroduodenal ulcers. However, the increase was already present before initiation of the drug for several types of drugs against osteoporosis. This points at an effect of the underlying condition being treated or comorbid conditions and drugs being provided in patients with osteoporosis, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and corticosteroids
Correlation between condylar, glenoid fossa and joint space changes two years after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery in class II subjects
Get PDFThe position of the mandible after an orthognathic surgical procedure is believed to be dependent on adaptive condylar and glenoid fossa changes, in addition to condylar positional changes within the fossa. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between condylar and glenoid fossa changes and the positional changes in the joint space two years after bimaxillary surgery. The condyles and glenoid fossae were reconstructed from a pair of superimposed pre- and postoperative (two years) cone-beam computerized tomography scans. The surface models were spatially divided into four regions. Three-dimensional morphological and positional changes were measured as volumetric differences and surface distances between the pre- and postoperative condylar and glenoid fossa regions. Statistical associations of condylar, glenoid fossa and joint space changes were calculated by Pearson's correlation coefficient. Twenty subjects (sixteen female; four male; mean age 27.6 years) with class II malocclusion and maxillomandibular retrognathia, who underwent bimaxillary surgery, were assessed. A strong and statistically significant correlation between condylar and glenoid fossa changes was observed two years after surgery (r = 0.52, p < 0.001). The correlation was strongest and statistically significant anterior-medially (r = 0.48, p = 0.002) and anterior-laterally (r = 0.38, p = 0.015). Condylar changes were significantly correlated with the increase in the posterior-medial (r = 0.37, p < 0.020) and the posterior-lateral (r = 0.45, p < 0.003) joint space distances. Changes of the condyle, the glenoid fossa and the joint space following bimaxillary surgery were significantly correlated in these class II subjects
Adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells – Their osteogenicity and osteoblast in vitro mineralization on titanium granule carriers
No full textPurpose: Adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) may be osteogenic, may generate neoangiogenisis and may be progenitors for differentiated osteoblast mineralization. Titanium granules may be suitable as carriers for these cells. The aim was to demonstrate the osteogenic potential of ADMSCs and the effect of porous non-oxidized (Ti) and oxidized titanium (TiO 2) granules as carriers for ADMSCs mineralization in vitro. Materials and methods: ADMSCs were isolated, cultivated in osteoblast medium and evaluated for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay, RNA isolation, and ALP staining. Osteoblast in vitro mineralization cells without granules or seeded on Ti or TiO 2 granules were evaluated for Alizarin Red assay and RNA isolation for later gene expressing. Results: ADMSCs express osteoblastic lineage genes, CBFA-1 and stain strongly for ALP. Mineralization was significantly higher for cells seeded on TiO 2 than on Ti granules or pure cells. Expression of ALPL and RUNX2 was significantly higher for cells seeded on TiO 2 granules and expression of COL1α1 for pure cells was significantly higher than for cells seeded on granules. Conclusion: ADMSCs have osteogenic potential. Mineralization was significantly high when cells were seeded on TiO 2 granules. TiO 2 granules may be used as carriers for adipose derived mesenchymal osteoblastic cells from laboratory bench to the patient.</p
Risk of atrial fibrillation associated with use of bisphosphonates and other drugs against osteoporosis: a cohort study
No full textUdgivelsesdato: 2010-MayWe studied the association between bisphosphonate use and risk of atrial fibrillation or flutter and the effect of confounders such as heart and lung disease in a nationwide retrospective cohort from Denmark. All users of bisphosphonates and other drugs against osteoporosis between 1996 and 2006 (n = 103,562) were the exposed group and three age- and gender-matched controls from the general population (n = 310,683) were the nonexposed group. The main outcome measure was atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter. Before initiation of treatment against osteoporosis, no excess of atrial fibrillation or flutter was present for any drug except for etidronate (OR = 1.22, 95% CI 1.15-1.29). After initiation of treatment, raloxifene was not associated with any excess risk of atrial fibrillation (OR = 0.98, 95% CI 0.72-1.33). Etidronate (HR = 1.08, 95% CI 1.02-1.14) and alendronate (HR = 1.09, 95% CI 1.00-1.20) were associated with an excess risk of atrial fibrillation after treatment start if statistical adjustments were made for cardiovascular disease. However, this association disappeared upon statistical adjustment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (etidronate HR = 1.04, 95% CI 0.98-1.10; alendronate HR = 1.05, 95% CI 0.96-1.15). In patients using etidronate (12.5% vs. 3.8%) and alendronate (11.4% vs. 4.6%) major differences were present in prevalence of COPD at start of treatment compared to matched controls. In conclusion, oral bisphosphonates do not seem to be associated with an excess risk of atrial fibrillation. Any excess risk seen in prior studies may be due to confounding from COPD
Carriers in mesenchymal stem cell osteoblast mineralization-State-of-the-art
No full textPURPOSE: Tissue engineering is a new way to regenerate bone tissue, where osteogenic capable cells combine with an appropriate scaffolding material. Our aim was in a Medline Search to evaluate osteoblast mineralization in vitro and in vivo including gene expressing combining mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and five different carriers, titanium, collagen, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate and polylactic acid-polyglycolic acid copolymer for purpose of a meta-or a descriptive analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The search included the following MeSH words in different combinations-mesenchymal stem cells, alkaline phosphatase, bone regeneration, tissue engineering, drug carriers, tissue scaffolds, titanium, collagen, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphates and polylactic acid-polyglycolic acid copolymer. RESULTS: Two out of 80 articles included numerical values and as control, carriers and cells, on mineralization and gene expression. ß-tricalcium phosphate (ß-TCP) revealed elevated alkaline phosphatase activity, and calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite a greater gene expression of osteocalcin when seeded with induced MSCs. CONCLUSION: No data are published on titanium used as a carrier in MSC osteoblast mineralization. A meta- as well as a descriptive analysis includes numerical values of test materials and of control reactions from carrier and cells, respectively. Only two articles fulfilled these requirements
The effect of therapeutic radiation on canine alveolar ridges augmented with hydroxylapatite
No full textA Novel Quality Register Study and Review of Implant Treatment of Patients with Dental Agenesis
No full textPURPOSE: (1) To present a Danish quality register (AMETO) concerning dental implant treatment for dental agenesis, assess its indicators and standards, and compare them with those acknowledged and outlined by the Institute of Medicine (IoM), World Health Organization (WHO), and Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), classified as the quality domains efficiency, effectiveness, patient-centered care, timely care, safety, and equitability; and (2) to perform a systematic literature search and review to verify whether any quality register exists according to the six quality domains.MATERIALS AND METHODS: (1) The AMETO register is comprised of 16 process and result indicators and standards, which were compared to the six quality domains outlined by the IoM and WHO. (2) A systematic literature search was carried out using the search engines PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and SveMed+. The included articles were assessed for quality indicators and standards to determine whether they conformed to the six quality domains.RESULTS: AMETO indicators and standards conformed to the quality domains outlined by the IoM. A search of "(dental agenesis) AND (dental implants)" yielded a total of 381 publications, of which 27 were included for qualitative synthesis. A search on quality indicators and dental agenesis registries yielded no results. Due to considerable heterogeneity in the reported quality indicators related to effectiveness, patient-centered care, and safety, a meta-analysis could not be conducted.CONCLUSION: AMETO conforms to the quality domains described by the IoM, WHO, and OECD. Few studies have investigated dental implant treatment of dental agenesis. Moreover, no published quality register for dental implant treatment currently exists.</p
State of the Art of Short Dental Implants:A Systematic Review of the Literature
No full textBackground: Short implants (=8 mm) are manufactured for use in atrophic regions of the jaws. As implant length in many studies has been proven to play a major role in implant survival it is indicated to evaluate survival of short implants in the present literature. Purpose: The purpose of this study was systematically to evaluate publications concerning short dental implants defined as an implant with a length of =8 mm installed in the maxilla or in the mandible with special reference to implant type, survival rate, location of implant site, and observation time. Materials and Methods: A Medline and a hand search were conducted to identify studies concerning short dental implants of length =8 mm published between 1992 and October 2009. The articles included in this study report data on implant length =8 mm, implant surface, registered region of installment, observation time, single tooth restorations, supporting overdentures, splinted implants, and implants used for prostheses. Results: The 27 included studies represent zero randomized clinical trial studies, 15 prospective nonrandomized, noncontrolled clinical trials, 11 retrospective nonrandomized, noncontrolled clinical trials, and one review. Data on 6-mm implants were few and most frequent represented was manufactured Straumann implants representing 441 out of 549 implants. Brånemark implants, 7 mm in length, comprised 1607 implants out of 1808. Straumann implants, 8 mm in length, comprised 2040 out of 2352 implants. Failures varied between 0 and 14.5%, 0 and 37.5% and 0 and 22.9% of the 6-, 7-, and 8-mm-long implants, respectively. Conclusion: Short implant length was not related to observation time, installment region, failures, and dropouts were not specified, subsequently a meta-analysis was not possible to perform
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