1,720,956 research outputs found
The productive process for utilizing the non-wood forest products from baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.)
No full textDissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, 2008.Os produtos florestais não-madeireiros provenientes do extrativismo no bioma Cerrado estão sendo considerados uma alternativa de renda para os agricultores, comunidades tradicionais e outros residentes do Cerrado. Os frutos da espécie Dipteryx alata geram produtos que aos poucos são oferecidos em mercados locais e em centros urbanos. Seu consumo vem crescendo devido ao sabor peculiar e valor nutricional. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar as tecnologias empregadas em todas as etapas do processo produtivo dos PFNM´s oriundos do baru, em quatro diferentes unidades produtivas, localizados no estado de Goiás, bioma Cerrado. O método utilizado consistiu-se de visita in loco a famílias coletoras de baru, acompanhamento da coleta de frutos em campo, realização de ensaios de rendimento em quatro unidades produtivas, conversas com produtores e técnicos envolvidos com a atividade produtiva do baru. De posse desses dados, o cenário de melhoria do processo produtivo através do aproveitamento integral foi estipulado, a partir dos coeficientes técnicos gerados nas diferentes unidades. A escolha das famílias entrevistadas e das unidades produtoras obedeceu aos seguintes critérios: a) levantamento prévio das regiões que exploram economicamente os PFNM´s do baru; b) destino legal dos recursos disponíveis; e c) disponibilidade por parte dos coletores, produtores e entidades em participar da pesquisa. No ano de 2005 a comercialização e outros serviços relacionados com o fruto do baru, representaram 67,24% da renda anual de uma família amostrada. O ano de 2007 não foi muito produtivo e, portanto, somente sete famílias, entre as doze amostradas, obtiveram ganhos financeiros com os frutos do baru. Os 1.211,71 sacos de 60kg coletados pelas famílias amostradas, renderam um total de R 60.553,45 para as famílias, caso fossem vendidas as sementes in natura no comércio local. Portanto o maior domínio das etapas de produção por parte dos coletores e a máxima utilização dos PFNM´s oriundos do fruto do baru, aumenta o retorno econômico para essas famílias. ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThe non-wood forest products (NWFP) which come from the extracting in the Cerrado (vegetation of the Brazilian interior) biomass, are considered as an alternative income for the farmers, traditional communities and other residents from the cerrado region. The fruits of Dipteryx alata are processed and it is commercialized at the local market and urban centers. Its consumption is increasing because of their peculiar taste and their nutritional valor. The scope of this study is to analyze the technologies used all over the productive process of the NWFP from the baru fruits, at four different productive units, which are localized in the State of Goiás, Brasil, Cerrado biomass. The method consisted on local visits to the families that earns for accomplishment of the fruit collecting, analyzes of the earning at four productive unities, talking to the producers and technicians involved with productive activities of baru. With these data, were searched improving methods of the productive process, since the intention was to realize integral profiting, starting with the coefficient technical generated in the different units, for the elaboration of a theoretic scenario for integral use. The choice of the interviewed families and the productive units obeyed the following criteria: a) survey of data at the regions which explore economically the NWFP from baru; b) legal destination of the available recourses; and c) availability from the earners and the units to participate at the research. In 2005 the commercializing and other related services from the baru fruit, represented 67,24% of the yearly income of one interviewed family. The year 2007 was not very productive, just seven from twelve families had financiers earning from the baru fruits. The 1.211,71 sacks of 60 kilos earned by the examined families yielded a total of R 60.553,45 for the families, if the fruits were broken and the seeds sold in natural at the local market. The study shows up the necessity of more knowledge about the productive process stages and the maximum use of NWFP which come from the baru fruit, for the earners.Faculdade de Tecnologia (FT)Departamento de Engenharia Florestal (FT EFL)Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Florestai
Bahia piaçava (Attalea funifera MART.) traditional use, management and processing
No full textTese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Florestais, 2015.A palmeira de piaçava (Attalea funifera Mart.) é endêmica do Bioma Mata Atlântica, ocorre no litoral da Bahia, Brasil, seus PFNMs são utilizados antes da chegada dos portugueses na costa brasileira, por comunidades indígenas. Esse conhecimento tradicional rapidamente foi repassado aos colonizadores e aos negros Africanos. Atualmente a espécie já é cultivada em grandes plantações e o extrativismo mantido pelas populações negras residentes na região, agricultores familiares e comunidades quilombolas que ainda conservam esse recurso em seus fragmentos de florestas e em pequenos plantios, localmente denominados de 'mata de piaçava'. As fibras vegetais são comercializadas na forma bruta, pré-beneficiada, beneficiadas, vassouras e artesanatos com a fibra vegetal beneficiada. Este trabalho abordou técnicas e tecnologias que envolveram o manejo e o processamento da fibra vegetal, através de levantamentos de campo, troca de saberes entre pesquisadores e extrativistas da piaçava, implantação de parcelas em áreas de plantio, experimentos de campo com a fibra vegetal e informações preliminares com vistas ao aproveitamento da polpa do fruto e o óleo vegetal da semente. Encontrou-se 888 palmeiras por hectare na área do produtor, aproximadamente 65% dessas estavam produzindo fibras vegetais. Os plantios quilombolas apresentaram aproximadamente 1.250 palmeiras por hectare, 83% dessas estavam produzindo fibras vegetais comercializáveis. A produtividade média de fibra por planta na fase de ‘bananeira em produção’ foi de 1,2 kg/planta/ano e na fase coqueiro uma média de 3,68 kg/planta/ano. Após mais de 12 meses da primeira extração, a média de fibra por planta na segunda extração foi de 0,71 kg/planta/ano na fase ‘bananeira em produção’ e de 3,14 kg/planta/ano nas plantas coqueiro. A etapa de pré-beneficiamento apresentou 17,3% de resíduos, no beneficiamento apresentou uma média de 26,8% de resíduos e aproximadamente 15,3% de descarte na etapa de confecção das vassouras de piaçava. Portanto, ao longo do processo produtivo foi descartado aproximadamente 41,8% de resíduos, aproveitados 35,6% de fibras vegetais fino/média, 5,3% de fibras grosso-médias e 17% corresponderam ao subproduto ‘fita’ para cobertura de quiosques de praia. Considerando a comercialização das fibras vegetais da piaçava beneficiadas (cortadas), as margens brutas de ganhos financeiros foram: 10,47% para o ‘tirador; 7,62% para catadeira; 28,57% para o cortador; e 52% para o atravessador. Apesar das dificuldades de acessar o mercado de vassouras da piaçava, os extrativistas dominam as técnicas e tecnologias envolvidas no manejo e processamento da fibra vegetal, o que permite que a renda extrativista familiar, com a fibra da piaçava, seja melhorada. A renda extrativista atual variou de R 600,00 por mês. Supondo o cenário onde o extrativista domina todo o processo produtivo da confecção das vassouras de piaçava, a renda mensal bruta, de um único extrativista, trabalhando 25 dias por mês, oito horas por dia, passaria para R 795,38, então o ganho líquido mensal passaria para R 360.00 to R 2,460.00 per month. Production costs to produce 410 brooms would be approximately R 1.664.63. Those amounts prove that dominating piassava vegetable fiber production, management and exploitation by extractors adds value to final product and raises quilombolas and small extractors’ income.Faculdade de Tecnologia (FT)Departamento de Engenharia Florestal (FT EFL)Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Florestai
Sociobiodiversidade Kalunga sob a ótica dos estudantes de graduação da Universidade de Brasília - UnB
Get PDFABSTRACT. This article presents a bibliographical review of UnB course completion works that addressed the Kalunga Territory, mainly students graduating from the Degree in Rural Education (LEdoC), between the years 2013 and 2020, on the socio-biodiversity of the Kalunga Territory. The methodological procedures used consisted of the analysis of 17 course completion works on the Kalunga Territory; search for the scientific names and uses of wood cataloged by Cunha (2015); review of non-timber uses and field notes collected in the post-doctoral stage. It was identified that among the 17 final course works on the Kalunga Historical Site, 03 of them were produced by the courses: Geography; Linguistics; and Energy Engineering. Of this total of studies, 14 were prepared by LEdoC graduates; 11 of these works are by quilombolas who reside in the territory; 03 are from students who graduated from LEdoC and are not quilombolas. Among the 36 trees listed with their respective popular names, 22 of them showed a correspondence between the popular name and the scientific name presented in the literature consulted, therefore, 07 species did not have their scientific names indicated. It is noteworthy that another 7 species were matched only in one of the field guides.This article presents a bibliographical review of UnB course completion works that addressed the Kalunga Territory, mainly students graduating from the Degree in Rural Education (LEdoC), between the years 2013 and 2020, on the socio-biodiversity of the Kalunga Territory. The methodological procedures used consisted of the analysis of 17 course completion works on the Kalunga Territory; search for the scientific names and uses of wood cataloged by Cunha (2015); review of non-timber uses and field notes collected in the post-doctoral stage. It was identified that among the 17 final course works on the Kalunga Historical Site, 03 of them were produced by the courses: Geography; Linguistics; and Energy Engineering. Of this total of studies, 14 were prepared by LEdoC graduates; 11 of these works are by quilombolas who reside in the territory; 03 are from students who graduated from LEdoC and are not quilombolas. Among the 36 trees listed with their respective popular names, 22 of them showed a correspondence between the popular name and the scientific name presented in the literature consulted, therefore, 07 species did not have their scientific names indicated. It is noteworthy that another 7 species were matched only in one of the field guides.Este artículo presenta una revisión bibliográfica de los trabajos de finalización de cursos de la UnB que abordaron el Territorio de Kalunga, principalmente estudiantes de la Licenciatura en Educación Rural (LEdoC), entre los años 2013 y 2020, sobre la sociobiodiversidad del Territorio de Kalunga. Los procedimientos metodológicos utilizados consistieron en el análisis de 17 obras de finalización de cursos en el Territorio de Kalunga; búsqueda de nombres científicos y usos de la madera catalogados por Cunha (2015); revisión de usos no maderables y notas de campo recopiladas en la etapa postdoctoral. Se identificó que entre los 17 trabajos finales de curso sobre el Sitio Histórico de Kalunga, 03 de ellos fueron producidos por los cursos: Geografía; Lingüística; e Ingeniería Energética. De este total de estudios, 14 fueron elaborados por egresados de LEdoC; 11 de estas obras son de quilombolas que residen en el territorio; 03 son de estudiantes graduados de LEdoC y no son quilombolas. Entre los 36 árboles listados con sus respectivos nombres populares, 22 de ellos mostraron correspondencia entre el nombre popular y el nombre científico presentado en la literatura consultada, por lo que 07 especies no tuvieron indicado su nombre científico. Es de destacar que otras 7 especies fueron emparejadas sólo en una de las guías de campo.ABSTRACT. This article presents a bibliographical review of UnB course completion works that addressed the Kalunga Territory, mainly students graduating from the Degree in Rural Education (LEdoC), between the years 2013 and 2020, on the socio-biodiversity of the Kalunga Territory. The methodological procedures used consisted of the analysis of 17 course completion works on the Kalunga Territory; search for the scientific names and uses of wood cataloged by Cunha (2015); review of non-timber uses and field notes collected in the post-doctoral stage. It was identified that among the 17 final course works on the Kalunga Historical Site, 03 of them were produced by the courses: Geography; Linguistics; and Energy Engineering. Of this total of studies, 14 were prepared by LEdoC graduates; 11 of these works are by quilombolas who reside in the territory; 03 are from students who graduated from LEdoC and are not quilombolas. Among the 36 trees listed with their respective popular names, 22 of them showed a correspondence between the popular name and the scientific name presented in the literature consulted, therefore, 07 species did not have their scientific names indicated. It is noteworthy that another 7 species were matched only in one of the field guides.O presente artigo apresenta a revisão bibliográfica dos trabalhos de conclusão de curso da UnB que abordaram o Território Kalunga, principalmente os estudantes egressos da Licenciatura em Educação do Campo (LEdoC), entre os anos 2013 e 2020, sobre a sociobiodiversidade do Território Kalunga. Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados consistiram na análise de 17 trabalhos de conclusão de curso sobre o Território Kalunga; busca dos nomes científicos e usos das madeiras catalogadas por Cunha (2015); revisão sobre os usos não madeireiros e apontamentos de campo levantados no estágio de pós-doutoramento. Identificou-se que entre os 17 trabalhos de final de curso, sobre o Sitio Histórico Kalunga, 03 deles foram produzidos pelos cursos: Geografia; Linguística; e Engenharia de Energia. Deste total de estudos, 14 foram elaborados pelos egressos da LEdoC; 11 destes trabalhos são de quilombolas que residem no território; 03 são de estudantes egressos da LEdoC que não são quilombolas. Entre as 36 árvores listadas com seus respectivos nomes populares, 22 delas apresentaram correspondência do nome popular com o nome científico apresentado na literatura consultada, portanto, 07 espécies não tiveram seus nomes científicos apontados. Ressalta-se que outras 07 espécies tiveram suas correspondências somente em um dos guias de campo.
Palavras-chave: madeiras nativas, residências kalunga, roça de toco, sociobiodiversidade.
Kalunga sociobiodiversity from the perspective of undergraduate students at the University of Brasília - UnB
ABSTRACT. This article presents a bibliographical review of UnB course completion works that addressed the Kalunga Territory, mainly students graduating from the Degree in Rural Education (LEdoC), between the years 2013 and 2020, on the socio-biodiversity of the Kalunga Territory. The methodological procedures used consisted of the analysis of 17 course completion works on the Kalunga Territory; search for the scientific names and uses of wood cataloged by Cunha (2015); review of non-timber uses and field notes collected in the post-doctoral stage. It was identified that among the 17 final course works on the Kalunga Historical Site, 03 of them were produced by the courses: Geography; Linguistics; and Energy Engineering. Of this total of studies, 14 were prepared by LEdoC graduates; 11 of these works are by quilombolas who reside in the territory; 03 are from students who graduated from LEdoC and are not quilombolas. Among the 36 trees listed with their respective popular names, 22 of them showed a correspondence between the popular name and the scientific name presented in the literature consulted, therefore, 07 species did not have their scientific names indicated. It is noteworthy that another 7 species were matched only in one of the field guides.
Keywords: native woods, kalunga residences, stump fields, socio-biodiversity
Sociobiodiversidad de Kalunga desde la perspectiva de estudiantes de pregrado de la Universidad de Brasilia - UnB
RESUMEN. Este artículo presenta una revisión bibliográfica de los trabajos de finalización de cursos de la UnB que abordaron el Territorio de Kalunga, principalmente estudiantes de la Licenciatura en Educación Rural (LEdoC), entre los años 2013 y 2020, sobre la sociobiodiversidad del Territorio de Kalunga. Los procedimientos metodológicos utilizados consistieron en el análisis de 17 obras de finalización de cursos en el Territorio de Kalunga; búsqueda de nombres científicos y usos de la madera catalogados por Cunha (2015); revisión de usos no maderables y notas de campo recopiladas en la etapa postdoctoral. Se identificó que entre los 17 trabajos finales de curso sobre el Sitio Histórico de Kalunga, 03 de ellos fueron producidos por los cursos: Geografía; Lingüística; e Ingeniería Energética. De este total de estudios, 14 fueron elaborados por egresados de LEdoC; 11 de estas obras son de quilombolas que residen en el territorio; 03 son de estudiantes graduados de LEdoC y no son quilombolas. Entre los 36 árboles listados con sus respectivos nombres populares, 22 de ellos mostraron correspondencia entre el nombre popular y el nombre científico presentado en la literatura consultada, por lo que 07 especies no tuvieron indicado su nombre científico. Es de destacar que otras 7 especies fueron emparejadas sólo en una de las guías de campo.
Palabras clave: bosques nativos, residências kalunga, campos de tocones, sociobiodiversidad
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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