1,720,993 research outputs found
For a political anthropology of revelations
No full textSilence permeates and encompasses ethnography-based knowledge, as it crosses interactions in the field and their written account. Exploring the different ways anthropological studies understood silence as the absence of speech, as a feature of womanhood and as a "culture" of the oppressed or subaltern groups, this article delves deeper into the politics of silence. Through an analysis of the heuristic potentiality of the concept of "public secrecy", the article proposes to consider silence as a practice that intertwines knowledge and power, and thus, truth. In particular, the investigation scrutinizes two interlocked effects which are implied by the act of silencing: normalization and subjectivation, which are here thought through an ethnography-based perspective. The article takes silence into account through a threefold analysis that, while acknowledging its pervasiveness, obviousness, and inaudibility, questions its characterizations, its functions, and the modes and effects of its disclosure in social life. Anthropology is ethically and epistemologically compelled to self-reflect upon the ways it participates in such processes of silencing and revelation. Hence, discussing the powers of silence in the ethnographic work, and the ways the recently developed hegemony of transparency and its prescriptive regulations are affecting our discipline, the article outlines the idea of an anthropology engaged in the critical understanding of the "revelations of truth"
Moving images across borders: visual and digital resonances of human (im)mobilities
No full textThe monographic issue aims to question the link of human (im)mobilities and the circulation of images in transnational spaces, attempting to reframe and broaden the concept of mobility in at least two ways. First, mobility is conceived as a fundamental dimension of human experience, which as an analytic category embraces different phenomena such as migrations, diasporas, and settler colonialisms. The monographic issue attempts to think together these different forms of human mobility through the common ground of their visual dimension: images move with people, and people make images move. Like the anthropology of media and social media has shown in last decades, human mobility and cultural flows have been more and more interlinked thanks to the circulation of images in the global space. Moreover, digital technology and the access to internet and social media have played a crucial role in the production, circulation and reception of images in the global sphere. Anthropological research has shown how the human appropriation of new media re-produces social and cultural diversity, multiplying their uses rather than homogenizing their effects. At the same time ethnographic studies have shown the different ways images get embedded in local contexts and particular historical trajectories, while also bringing transformative power to social practices and collective imaginaries.
Starting from these premises, the monographic issue also attempts to undermine a simplified idea of mobility linked to global flows, increased human mobility and widespread access to digital media; its aim is rather to analyse the circulation of people and images without neglecting the power asymmetries that inform people’s experiences of (im)mobility. In this sense the publication project overtly addresses the question of state border crossing and (post)colonial relations, and the shaking of social, cultural and moral boundaries that human (im)mobilities can involve. From this perspective critical analysis compels us to delve deeper into the processes of human differentiation and hierarchization, which take place in unbalanced transnational spaces and are importantly influenced by the global economy of (racial) capitalism. Furthermore, the monographic issue questions visuality, (im)mobility and inequality from a temporal perspective that seek to connect past to future: if images are, in many ways, incontrovertible outputs of history, they are also a powerful ground for political imagination and rising ideas of future.
The monographic proposal includes nine articles and a photo-essay, and offers a wide range of ethnographic research that combines visual anthropological analysis with methodological richness (fieldwork, archival research, digital ethnography, collaborative anthropology...). and theoretical accuracy. The first part of the issue addresses the matter of the visual and digital tools used in the government of migrations under the current European border regime (D’Onofrio, Santanera). From the control of external state borders readers are then invited to take into account the issue of internal borders in the contemporary Italian society, and the ways they are appropriated and contested through social media and photography by the young generations of “new Italians” with a migratory background (Bachis, Cingolani). The link of Black diaspora and Italian collective memory is developed in an original way through the presentation of archival research of Eritrean diasporic filmmaking in Italy in the 70s (Jedlowski). A further thematic thread concerns the relationship between indigenous people and visual production in postcolonial contexts, which questions both ethnographic research on “exotic” postcards travelling from Latin America to European metropoles in colonial times (Scardozzi), and on contemporary indigenous filmmaking of India’s “De-Notified” Tribes following their enduring marginalization (Tilche and Khanna). In the last part of the issue, the anthropological analysis of the videos of the Iranian-American YouTuber Nasim Aghdam questions the idea of subjectivity linked to the aesthetic politics of audio-visual technology in capitalist conditions (Manoukian); the relationship of subjectivity, political violence and visual production is also taken into account from the perspective of “audiences” related to the circulation of images during Israel’s war on Gaza (Pilotto). The monographic issue includes a photo-essay, which is a co-written comment of the combination and juxtaposition of some of Mohamed Keita’s pictures taken in Italy, Mali and Kenya. It attempts to retrace connections among images and places that are also part of the photographer’s intimate experience and explore the possible dialogue between anthropology and photography through a collaborative approach (Keita and Pilotto)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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