1,721,028 research outputs found
Kouaoua et la méthode de Jean Guiart en anthropologie
No full textPillon Patrick. Kouaoua et la méthode de Jean Guiart en anthropologie. In: Journal de la Société des océanistes, 96, 1993-1. pp. 83-89
Identité, culture et catégories de l'action : autour des fondements idéels du territoire et de l'organisation sociale en pays Mèa et Houaïlou (Nouvelle-Calédonie)
No full textPillon Patrick. Identité, culture et catégories de l'action : autour des fondements idéels du territoire et de l'organisation sociale en pays Mèa et Houaïlou (Nouvelle-Calédonie). In: Journal de la Société des océanistes, 109, 1999-2. pp. 83-96
Pascale Bonnemère, 1996. Le pandanus rouge. Corps, différence des sexes et parenté chez les Ankave-Anga
No full textPillon Patrick. Pascale Bonnemère, 1996. Le pandanus rouge. Corps, différence des sexes et parenté chez les Ankave-Anga. In: Journal de la Société des océanistes, 108, 1999-1. pp. 166-168
Pascale Bonnemère, 1996. Le pandanus rouge. Corps, différence des sexes et parenté chez les Ankave-Anga
No full textPillon Patrick. Pascale Bonnemère, 1996. Le pandanus rouge. Corps, différence des sexes et parenté chez les Ankave-Anga. In: Journal de la Société des océanistes, 108, 1999-1. pp. 166-168
Parenté agnatique et par alliance, positions statutaires et circulation des offrandes : le déroulement contemporain d'une cérémonie des morts dans la vallée de la Kouaoua (Nouvelle-Calédonie)
No full textKinship along masculine and wedding lines, statutory position and the circulation of offerings.
A contemporary death ceremony in the Kouaoua valley (New Caledonia).
Contemporary death ceremonies are built up upon a dual opposition between two groups representing respectively the dead person's paternals and his maternal uncles. Each of the two mainly concerned lignages summons up their own kin along both masculine and wedding lines. Relationship to the dead - whether male or female - in both masculine and wedding lines gives the clue to the various statutory precedences actualized during the different stages of the ceremony, as well as the encompassing classification of the participating groups made during food distribution. Death brings up an inferiority position to the members of the chiefdom organizing the gathering which devolute statutory positions to the various participating groups all the higher as these belong to the dead's maternal uncles or as they are all the more sociologically removed from themselves according to both masculine and wedding lines. The circulation of gifts and counter gifts emphasizes participation rather than actual quantities being exchanged or their balance. As one can judge, these contemporary death ceremonies could be a compromise between different types of precolonial ceremonial gatherings.
(Key words : South Pacific ; New Caledonia ; Kouaoua ; death ceremonies ; kinship along masculine and wedding lines ; statutory positions ; circulation of exchanges ; social change.)Pillon Patrick. Parenté agnatique et par alliance, positions statutaires et circulation des offrandes : le déroulement contemporain d'une cérémonie des morts dans la vallée de la Kouaoua (Nouvelle-Calédonie). In: Journal de la Société des océanistes, 100-101, 1995-1-2. pp. 165-190
La crise monétaire en Asie du sud-est
No full textThe monetary crisis in South-East Asia
The various signs that some economists, among them Paul Krugman, have identified as a forewarning sign of exchange rate crises could in the majority of cases be detected in South-East Asia over the last couple of years : domestic credit growth above money demand, current deficit financing through speculative short term funds, expansionary budgetary policies, nominal exchange rate increase... However, to a great extent, the summer monetary crisis has turned out to be a surprise and nobody had probably estimated its magnitude nor its duration : the analysis of the above mentioned forewarning signs was in fact blurred by economic reports of bad quality and by underestimating political factors on the crisis' eruption and its lasting effect.
The financial crisis impact on South-East Asian countries will depend on the seriousness of forewarning signs and on the adjustment of economic policies in the new context.Les faisceaux d'indices que certains économistes, dont Paul Krugman, ont
identifiés comme des signes précurseurs des crises de change, étaient pour la plupart décelables en Asie du Sud-Est depuis quelques années : croissance du crédit intérieur supérieure à la demande de monnaie, financement des déficits courants par des capitaux à court terme spéculatifs, politiques budgétaires expansionnistes, appréciation des taux de change nominaux... Pourtant, dans une large mesure, la crise monétaire de l'été est apparue comme une surprise, et nul n'avait sans doute prévu son ampleur ni sa durée : l'analyse des signes précurseurs énoncés plus haut a en effet été brouillée par la mauvaise qualité de l'information économique, et par la sous-estimation du facteur politique dans le déclenchement et l'installation de la crise.
L'impact de la crise financière sur les pays d'Asie du Sud-Est dépendra de la gravité des signes annonciateurs et de la rapidité d'adaptation des politiques économiques au nouveau contexte.Sellier Cécile, Pillon Patrick. La crise monétaire en Asie du sud-est. In: Revue d'économie financière, n°44, 1997. Les systèmes financiers asiatiques. pp. 55-77
Réformes foncières et groupements d'élevage mélanésiens en Nouvelle-Calédonie. Le contexte et ses enjeux
No full textSUMMARY
New Caledonia is one of the many societies where occupational categories tend to coincide with ethnic groups. In this multi-ethnic society, 50 to 60 % of working Melanesians live off the land ; they account for more than 88 % of all those engaged in agriculture. The rural sector and its unequal land distribution are therefore at the heart of the ethnic mobilisation terising the political crisis that has built up over the past ten years. From 1978 to 1985, increasingly marked political divisions triggered the first land reforms in the Territory's history. These reforms should eventually double the present total area of Melanesian reserves on the mainland. By the end of 1985, 59 000 ha had been retroceded, with the provision that the land be developed.
This situation has brought about an unprecedented increase in Melanesian joint stock- farms. Their number rose from 3 prior to 1978 to 71 in 1985. This has had many consequences for Melanesian agrarian structures. For instance, access to the coastal plains entails economic advantages that tend to reinforce discrepancies between villages, as is shown by transfers occurring between Melanesians of the newly retroceded land. Other internal redistributions, similarly demonstrate a trend towards reorganisation of pre-colonial land rights under the combined pressure of sédentarisation and the monetary economy. Furthermore, the extensive land areas required for livestock farming raises the problem of how to affect the transition from fragmented pre-colonial land rights to the pooling of resources required for large commercial ventures. Lastly, the land reforms enable adjustments to be made in the land access inequalities brought about by the combined action of precolonial land allocation patterns, unequal population growth among the groups, and the reservation system. But the long-term value of the reforms lies in the opportunity they afford for a re-balancing of economic conditions between the ethnic groups. Redistribution of lands and their deve- lopement are thus seen as a keystone for the overall evolution of the New Caledonian society.RÉSUMÉ
La Nouvelle-Calédonie est une des nombreuses sociétés où la division du travail tend àGiry C., Pillon Patrick. Réformes foncières et groupements d'élevage mélanésiens en Nouvelle-Calédonie. Le contexte et ses enjeux. In: Journal de la Société des océanistes, 85, 1987-2. pp. 205-219
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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