1,721,019 research outputs found
L'impiego dei dati assestamentali per la stima dello stock di carbonio ai fini delle richieste poste dal protocollo di Kyoto
No full textParties included in Annex I of the Kyoto Protocol, like Italy, may choose to elect Forest Management as additional human-induced activity to attain the goals of reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. In Italy the majority of areas subjected to forest plans satisfy the definition of Forest Management proposed by the Marakesh Accords. However, the data commonly available from forest compartments cannot be directly used to estimate the total aboveground biomass by allometric equations because the data are not spatially (data differ among compartments) or temporally (data sampled in different years) uniform. This study proposes a methodology for using such non-uniform data, which has been tested on a dataset of forest compartments provided by the Veneto Region (NE Italy). A series of specific diameter distributions was associated to each forest compartment by applying cluster analysis and discriminant analysis. The Bootstrap procedure was applied to update the available data, referring them to the same year. The results satisfied the requirements of the "Good Practice Guidance for Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry " of The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change since the uncertainties were quantified. After the analysis, forest compartment data were suitable for application of allometric equations, without need for further extensive sampling
Il contributo delle aree assestate a fronte delle richieste poste dal protocollo di Kyoto: un esempio dalla Regione Veneto
Get PDFIl Protocollo di Kyoto consente ai Paesi inseriti nell’Annesso I, come l’Italia, di avvalersi delle attività legate alla Gestione Forestale come misura complementare per il raggiungimento degli obiettivi fissati in sede internazionale. Obiettivo del presente studio è realizzare un’indagine preliminare volta a proporre una prima valutazione del ruolo che possono assumere, in tale contesto, le aree assestate presenti nel nostro Paese.
Utilizzando il database «Gestione Piani di Assestamento» della Direzione Regiona- le Foreste ed Economia Montana del Veneto (PILLI e ANFODILLO, 2006) sono stati stimati lo stock e le capacità fissative delle fustaie assestate presenti nel territorio regionale. A tale scopo è stata utilizzata sia la metodologia proposta dalle Good Practice Guidance dell’Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, con l’impiego di fattori di espansione della biomassa (NABUURS et al., 2003), sia un modello funzionale basato sull’applicazione di equazioni allometriche (PILLI et al., 2006).
I risultati, oltre ad evidenziare la possibilità di pervenire ad una stima diretta delle capacità fissative di tali formazioni sfruttando le sole informazioni assestamentali già disponibili, eventualmente integrate da specifiche indagini, dimostrano le potenzialità offerte dall’applicazione di equazioni allometriche in loco dei fattori di espansione della biomassa ricavati da fonti bibliografiche
L'applicazione del Protocollo di Kyoto nel settore forestale:il ruolo dello Stato e delle Regioni e le necessarie sinergie
No full textAccording to art. 3.3 of the Kyoto Protocol, Parties included in Annex I shall report the net changes in greenhouse gas emissions by sources and removals by sinks resulting from afforestation, reforestation and deforestation activities. To assess these activities, Italy has to define methods to estimate land use change occurring after 31 December 1989. On the other hand, Italy elected forest management as additional human-induced activity to attain the goals of reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. The paper considers the key-role that central and regional Administrations may have in order to solve some specific problems regarding data collection and management issues
Proposta di una metodologia di analisi della variazione di superficie boscata tramite foto aeree nella Comunità Montana del Grappa (TV) in riferimento all'applicazione del Protocollo di Kyoto.
No full textAccording to art. 3.3 of the Kyoto Protocol, Italy, like other Parties included in Annex I, shall report the net changes in greenhouse gas emissions by sources and removals by sinks resulting from afforestation, reforestation and deforestation activities (ARD). To evaluate these activities, Italy has to elaborate methods to estimate the conversion of non-forested to forested land, occurred after 31 December 1989. The aim of this study was to test a methodology to estimate the ARD activities. The approach was experimented in the Comunità Montana del Grappa (about 10500 ha) considered as a pilot area in the Prealpine region (NE Italy). The land-use change relative to the forest area was assessed by multitemporal classification of 1131 sampling points on orthocorrected aerial photos relative to 1991, 1996 and 1999. The forest area based on different definitions (minimum land cover equal to 10%, 20% or 30% and minimum surface equal to 2000 m2 or 5000 m2) was also assessed. Between 1991 and 1999, the total increment of the forest area was equal to 224 ha. However, the estimated increment was strongly related to the minimum surface (2000 m2 vs 5000 m2) of the forest definition. The proposed procedure was relatively easy to implement and highlighted the role of ARD and revegetation to attain the goals appointed from the Kyoto Protocol
Ruolo delle foreste del Veneto nella fissazione di CO2 in relazione alle norme del Protocollo di Kyoto
No full textLand Use Change and Forest Carbon Sink Assessment in an Alpine Mountain Area of the Veneto Region (Northeast Italy)
Get PDFIn this study, we analyzed the variation of forest land cover in a mountain area of Veneto Region in northeast Italy. The analysis was done by comparing orthorectified aerial photographs taken in 1991 with orthophotos dated 2003, using photo interpretation of points with casual distribution on sample areas, according to a stratified sampling. The study yielded a statistically relevant increment of about 0.095% (ie about 42 ha) of forestland only up to 1500 m above sea level compared with the estimated forest cover for 1990, highlighting that this low increase was mainly due to abandoned grazing; the forest surface area estimate in 1990 was affected by a standard error of approximately 2.8%. We then estimated the carbon sink in the areas where forests had expanded. This was achieved by collecting biometric data in the field, and then using allometric functions. The annual carbon sink was estimated as 0.69 Mg ha−1 year−1
First total synthesis of Aspinolide B, a new pentaketide produced by Aspergillus ochraceus
No full textThe first asymmetric total synthesis of Aspinolide B (1), a new 10-membered lactone discovered by chemical screening methods in the cultures of Aspergillus ochraceus, has been accomplished. The key steps included a selective Felkin-type addition of TMS-acetylene to aldehyde 3a and a Nozaki-Hiyama-Kishi coupling reaction to build the required 10-membered ring. This synthesis confirmed the absolute stereochemistry of aspinolide B, established through Helmchen's method and corrected its previously reported specific optical rotation
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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