1,720,961 research outputs found
„Omas koguduses truuiks jääda“: Tartu Saalemi koguduse ajaloost, 1919–1949
Get PDF“Remaining Faithful to My Congregation”: A History of Tartu Saalem Church, 1919–1949This article, covering the years 1919–1949, focuses on the early development of Tartu Saalem church, a community which officiallybegan in 1919 as a group of revivalist believers who found it hard to fit into the existing ecclesial landscape. In the 1930s, the church joined the Union of Estonian free revivalist believers, and in 1946, under Soviet pressures, merged with a local Pentecostal church, and joined the Union of Evangelical Christians-Baptists.The movement was from being a closed community towards careful cooperation with other churches, from authoritative leadership towards ways of collective decision making. However, strong leaders, such as Johannes Joonas and Paul Himma, played an important role all through the years under investigation. After 1946 the Saalem church entered a phase of relatively balanced spirituality, with a less emotional style of public prayer and a desire to be rooted in Biblical teaching. Using archive materials the author also gives an account of this free church’s relations with the state
„Ülevalt anti märku“. Jutlustaja Ilse Katvel
Get PDF„I Received Guidance from Above“: Preacher Ilse KatvelThis article explores the life and ministry of Ilse Katvel (1906–1987), a female preacher. She was influenced by pietistic Lutheranism, holiness movement ideas, and Estonian free church spirituality. In 1934, she joined the Evangelical Christian Free Church in Narva, which had grown out of the Blue Cross movement in the area. After moving to the Saaremaa Island in 1944, she became a deacon and co-elder in a Pentecostal-background church in Valjala, which was part of the Union of Evangelical Christians-Baptists. Katvel became an influential Bible teacher who was invited to preach all across Estonia. The article argues that Katvel’s spiritual disciplines resemble the mystical-devotional lifestyle practised in different Christian traditions, including in Medieval piety – a commitment to work and prayer, fasting, living modestly, remaining unmarried, receiving food gifts, as well as being generous, and taking care of people in need. She and a group of like-minded „sisters“ devoted themselves to prayer, including prayers for healing. This group had an experiential openness to the work of the Holy Spirit. Katvel contemplated the relations between creation and the Creator, and images from nature helped her interpret spiritual realities. Cooperating with Christians from different denominational backgrounds and preaching both in Lutheran and free churches, she highlighted the unifying element of spirituality, focusing on Christcentredness and lived-out sanctification, which is present in a wide range of Christian traditions.
Adam Podin ja pan-evangeelne vaimulaad
Get PDFAdam Podin and Pan-Evangelical Spirituality
Adam Podin (1862–1941) was an Estonian Baptist pastor with Latvian roots. He represented a wider pan-evangelical spirituality, influenced by principles expressed by the Evangelical Alliance and European holiness movements. The article argues, based on the biography of Podin, that not only was the early Estonian Baptist movement influenced by German Baptists and Scandinavian pietism but it also had links to the pan-evangelical dimension. The Estonian Baptist life, at the end of the 19th century and in the beginning of the 20th century, was not limited to confessional and denominational identity, but included broader evangelical vision, which emphasised evangelical conversion experience and social ministry as well as cooperation with like-minded partners. Podin energetically worked in the following areas: he was pastor of Keila Baptist Church; he systematically preached in prisons, both in Tsarist Russia and later in Estonia; he initiated and developed evangelical compassion ministry in Estonian lepers’ homes; from 1922 to 1938 he worked as director of Estonian Baptist Theological Seminary; and, last but not least, he acted as a liaison for the Evangelical Alliance. Podin’s social ministry was supported by the Evangelical Alliance as well as by individual donations from Britain and America. In 1931, Podin was awarded with the medal of the Estonian Red Cross. Podin’s international links and pan-evangelical spirituality helped Estonian Baptists to broaden their view of mission and social awareness. Additionally, Podin made Estonian evangelicals better known on the international scale – especially through his reports to the Evangelical Alliance as well as by his personal contacts. Podin’s ministry belongs to both the Estonian Free Church history and the history of Estonian social work. Adam Podin died on 24th November 1941 and he is buried in Keila at Karjaküla Cemetery
Hillar Palias – ohvitseri auastmes pastor
Get PDFHillar Palias: a Pastor with the Rank of CaptainHillar Palias (prior to 1940 his name was Gottfried-Georg Palias) (1896-1969) was an Estonian Baptist pastor. Before 1940 he pursued a military career in the Tapa Armoured Train Regiment, being awarded the rank of Captain in 1936. While working as an army officer he also preached at Tapa Baptist Church and fulfilled other pastoral duties. In 1940-1941 he was for a short period in the Soviet Army, before allowing himself to be imprisoned by German troops in autumn 1941, after which he was a prisoner of war camp for seven or eight months. The military and ministerial sides in his life mean that he represents a rather extraordinary identity combination, at least in Estonian Free Church history. Hillar Palias was not ordained, however, until 1949, in Sweden. He had emigrated with his family to Sweden in 1944, towards the end of the Second World War. In his earlier years he had been influenced by the German General and evangelist Georg von Viebahn, and Viebahn’s writings probably helped Palias to find peace between his military and ministerial identities. In Sweden, serving an Estonian Baptist congregation in Stockholm and beyond, he helped to organise church life and co-ordinated social ministries for Estonian refugees. In 1951 he moved to Toronto, Canada, and in 1956 he was elected an assistant pastor of the Estonian Baptist Church in Toronto. Being influenced by the spirituality of the holiness movements, he was engaged in a sincere striving for a deeper personal experience of sanctification. In Stockholm and Toronto he devoted himself to Christian ministry: besides preaching and other ministerial duties he gave much time to pastoral counselling and visiting sick and elderly people. With his balanced character, Palias helped to create an atmosphere of trust and security among Estonian refugees.
Hillar Palias belongs to Estonian cultural and church history, both as an army officer and as a pietistically-minded Baptist pastor who served both in Estonia and abroad. In addition, his biography is one example of many Estonian life-stories that were deeply affected by the political storms of the Second World War and its aftermath
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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