1,720,955 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
Vers une electrode organique sans additif conducteur pour le stockage électrochimique de l'énergie
No full textIn a context of energy transition, the demand for energy storage devices has increased considerably. The lithium-ion battery has becom an emblematic player in the energy transition. However, the constitutent electrodes of the latter are exclusively composed of metallic elements and therefore non-renewable. In order to make the energy transition sustainable, it is necessary to develop new technologies that are less impactfull and less costly environmentally speaking. Organic electrodes have been the subject of much research and seem to be an interesting alternative to achieve this objective. However, an obstacle remains to be removed : the low electrical conductivity of organic materials. This problem induces the need to add large quantities of conductive additive within the electrode, reducing its energy density. This thesis aimed to develop a new type of organic electrode materials that could overcome this difficulty. Our first line of research focused on perylene diimide (PDI), whose polyaromatic cores induce a planar conformation to the molecule. This property allows this type of molecules to "self-assemble" in the form of a columnar material through strong π,π interactions. This organization endows the material with semiconductor properties. The first chapter of this thesis was marked by the synthesis of a wide range of PDIs and the study of their electrochemical properties in half-cell configuration. Subsequently, an in-depth study of the electrochemical reactivity of the best candidate was carried out by various characterization methods (electron microscopy, infrared, X-ray diffractions, etc.) in order to understand the electrochemical mechanism of this material during a charge/discharge cycle. It was observed that the reduction of the material generates a phenomenon of destructuring of the columnar stack of the material, inducing a progressive loss of electronic conductivity. On this basis, two main axes have opened up, the increase in the size of the core and the externalization of electroactive function. The third chapter deals with the enlargement of the polyaromatic core with 4 new molecular targets that may present interesting properties. This chapter describes their syntheses as well as the preliminary electrochemical results obtained. Finally, the last chapter focuses on the externalization of electroactive functions outside the perylene core through two approaches. The first consists of retaining the structure of the PDI with a TEMPO substitution allowing it to work at high potential and thus not affect the imide functions linked to the heart. The second is the creation of a molecular platform from a perylene core with chlorinated ends that can be modified by the addition of electroactive organic molecules already present in the literature.Dans un contexte de transition énergétique, la demande de dispositif de stockage de l'énergie s'est considérablement accrue. La batterie à ions lithium est devenue un acteur emblématique de la transition énergétique. Toutefois, les électrodes constitutives de ces dernières sont exclusivement composé d'élément métallique et donc non renouvelable. Afin de rendre la transition énergétique pérenne, il est nécessaire de développer de nouvelles technologies moins impactantes et moins couteuses environnementalement parlant. Les électrodes organiques ont fait l'objet de nombreuses recherches et semblent être une alternative intéressante pour parvenir à cet objectif. Toutefois, un frein reste à lever : la faible conductivité électrique des matériaux organiques. Ce problème induit la nécessité d'ajouter de grandes quantités d'additif conducteur au sein de l'électrode, diminuant sa densité énergétique. Cette thèse a eu pour objectif de développer un nouveau type de matériaux organiques d'électrodes pouvant surmonter cette difficulté. Notre première piste de recherche s'est portée sur les pérylènes diimide (PDI), dont leurs coeurs polyaromatiques induisent une conformation planaire à la molécule. Cette propriété permet à ce type de molécules de "s'auto-assembler" sous la forme d'un matériau colonnaire par le biais de fortes interactions π,π. Cette organisation dote le matériau de propriétés semi-conductrices. Le premier chapitre de cette thèse a été marqué par la synthèse d'une large gamme de PDI et l'étude de leurs propriétés électrochimiques en configuration demi-pile. Par la suite, une étude approfondie de la réactivité électrochimique du meilleur candidat a été menée par diverses méthodes de caractérisation (microscopie électronique, infrarouge, diffractions aux rayons X, ...) afin de comprendre le mécanisme électrochimique de ce matériau pendant un cycle de charde/décharge. Il a été observé que la réduction du matériau engendre un phénomène de déstructuration de l'empilement colonnaire du matériau induisant une perte progressive de la conductivité électronique. Sur cette base, deux grands axes se sont ouverts, l'augmentation de la taille du coeur et l'externalisation de fonction électroactive. Le troisième chapitre traite de l'élargissement du coeur polyaromatique avec 4 nouvelles cibles moléculaires pouvant présenter des propriétés intéressantes. Ce chapitre y décrit leurs synthèses ainsi que les résultats électrochimiques préliminaires obtenus. Enfin, le dernier chapitre porte sur l'externalisation des fonctions électroactives en dehors du coeur de pérylène à travers deux approches. La première consiste à conserver la structure du PDI avec une substitution TEMPO permettant de travailler à haut potentiel et ainsi ne pas affecter les fonctions imides liées au coeur. La seconde est la création d'une plateforme moléculaire à partir d'un coeur de pérylène présentant des extrémités chlorées pouvant être modifiées par l'ajout de molécule organique électroactive déjà présentes dans la littérature
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