888 research outputs found
On the Fractal Geometry of DNA by the Binary Image Analysis
No full textThe multifractal analysis of binary images of DNA is studied in order
to define a methodological approach to the classification of DNA sequences. This
method is based on the computation of some multifractality parameters on a suitable
binary image of DNA, which takes into account the nucleotide distribution. The
binary image of DNA is obtained by a dot-plot (recurrence plot) of the indicator matrix.
The fractal geometry of these images is characterized by fractal dimension (FD),
lacunarity, and succolarity. These parameters are compared with some other coefficients
such as complexity and Shannon information entropy. It will be shown that
the complexity parameters are more or less equivalent to FD, while the parameters of
multifractality have different values in the sense that sequences with higher FD might
have lower lacunarity and/or succolarity. In particular, the genome of Drosophila
melanogaster has been considered by focusing on the chromosome 3r, which shows
the highest fractality with a corresponding higher level of complexity. We will single
out some results on the nucleotide distribution in 3r with respect to complexity
and fractality. In particular, we will show that sequences with higher FD also have a
higher frequency distribution of guanine, while low FD is characterized by the higher
presence of adenine
Genetic diversity of phytoplasmas associated with flavescence dorée at vineyard scale on the Ischia Island (Campania, Italy)
No full textFlavescence dorée (FD) is the most
important grapevine yellows, constituting a great
threat in all major viticultural areas in Europe. The FD
causal agent is an incidentally cited phytoplasma species
termed ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma vitis’ (FDp),
listed as a quarantine organism in Europe and mainly
transmitted from vine to vine by the monophagous
leafhopper Scaphoideus titanus. In the present study,
the genetic variability of FDp identified in symptomatic
plants located in a vineyard cv. Biancolella on
the Ischia Island (Campania, Italy) was investigated.
Our results unveiled for the first time the presence of
FDp strains belonging to the subgroup 16SrV–C with
a low genetic variability within map and rp genetic
markers, reflecting an homogeneous genetic lineage
of phytoplasma population examined in the present
study. Phylogeny and nucleotide sequence analyses
can also suggest the possible involvement of other
insect vectors and plant hosts in the FD epidemiology
on the Island. Further investigation to ascertain
the presence of putative vectors and plant hosts
representing inoculum sources should be carried out
to reinforce the preliminary results obtained in the
present study
Multilocus sequence typing of phytoplasmas associated with Flavescence dorée disease in Tuscany vineyards identifies a highly homogeneous lineage in the subgroup 16SrV-C
No full textFlavescence dor ́ee (FD) is the most threatening grapevine yellows (GY) disease in Europe. Despite strict control
measures, alarming signs of the spread of the disease in viticultural areas continue to be detected. FD is attributed
to infection by phytoplasma strains of an incidentally cited species, ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma vitis’. In 2017, a GY
field survey was carried out in traditional viticulture areas of Tuscany, central Italy. FD phytoplasma (FDp) was
detected in 85 GY symptomatic vines, accounting for 17% of a total of 500 symptomatic samples screened. The
FDp-positive vines were scattered in 50 vineyards across seven Tuscan provinces, indicating the distribution of
FDp has further extended to central and southwestern parts of Tuscany including Florence and Livorno. Multilocus
sequence typing of 15 representative FDp strains from six affected vineyards revealed that the Tuscan FDp
strains constitute a highly homogeneous lineage within the subgroup 16SrV–C (FD-C). Single nucleotide polymorphisms
(SNPs) were identified in the 16S rRNA, rp, and secY genes of the Tuscan FDp lineage. Such SNP
markers provide clues to understanding the genetic relationships among different FDp lineages present in Europe
and are useful for searching potential vectors and reservoirs involved in the spread of the FDp in the Tuscan
region
Evaluation of CAN-FD Protocol for Traffic Signalling
No full textU ovom diplomskom radu je evaluiran CAN-FD protokol u svrhu upravljanja prometnom signalizacijom. Naglasak je stavljen na ispitivanje karakteristika protokola u realnim uvjetima te je zbog toga razvijen elektronički modul koji simulira funkcionalnosti LED modula čijim kaskadiranjem se dobiva promjenjivi prometni znak veće površine. Opisane su razlike između CAN 2.0B i CAN-FD protokola te su opisane funkcije pojedinih okvira u jednom CAN-FD paketu. U poglavljima koji se tiču razvoja programske podrške je opisano kako se konfiguriraju generatori signala takta te osnovne inicijalizacije sustava, kao i verifikacija pojedinih segmenata programskog koda. Osim razvoja sklopovlja i programske podrške pokazan je i način odabira adekvatnog mikrokontrolera u smislu karakteristika, kućišta te cijene.In this master thesis author evaluated new CAN-FD communications protocol for use in controlling dynamic traffic signs. Protocol testing was done on a custom made embedded system that simulates the funcionality of a real LED module used in dynamic signs. The differences between CAN-FD and CAN2.0B and the functions are described in the third chapter. Clock configuration and system initialization are described in the chapters regarding development of a software solution for this system as well as testing individual code segments to verify their functionality. In addition to the development of hardware and software this thesis also considers the selection of an adequate microcontroller in terms of characteristics, package and price
The monitoring program of grapevine phytoplasmas in Tuscany (Italy): Results of a four year survey
No full textQuantitative PCR protocols for phytoplasma detection were used to monitor grapevine yellows (GY) in 373 vineyards located in nine Tuscan districts. Among more than 70,000 plants visually monitored, 1.867 plants were sampled and “flavescence dorée” phytoplasmas (FD) were detected in 122 plants and mainly identified as trains belonging to 16SrV-C subgroup. The “bois noir” (BN) phytoplasma was found in 734 samples, with prevalence of tufB type-b strains. The 2013–2015 monitoring program was strongly influenced by the first survey (2012) in which FD was found consistently in the North West (15 samples), whereas only a few cases were observed in the East territory (2 samples). Both areas were thoroughly monitored in the following years: few foci were found in the East (2 in 2014, 1 in 2015), while several infected areas were found in the North West (6, 10 and 22 foci in 2013, 2014 and 2015, respectively). Definitely, the novel FD foci detected in the survey (17, 6, 12 and 23 in each year of survey) and the widespread of BN, suggest a dangerous distribution of GY in Tuscany
The monitoring program of grapevine phytoplasmas in Tuscany (Italy): Results of a four year survey
No full textQuantitative PCR protocols for phytoplasma detection were used to
monitor grapevine yellows (GY) in 373 vineyards located in nine Tuscan districts. Among more than 70,000 plants visually monitored, 1.867 plants were
sampled and “flavescence dorée” phytoplasmas (FD) were detected in 122
plants and mainly identified as trains belonging to 16SrV-C subgroup. The “bois
noir” (BN) phytoplasma was found in 734 samples, with prevalence of tufB
type-b strains. The 2013–2015 monitoring program was strongly influenced by
the first survey (2012) in which FD was found consistently in the North West
(15 samples), whereas only a few cases were observed in the East territory (2
samples). Both areas were thoroughly monitored in the following years: few
foci were found in the East (2 in 2014, 1 in 2015), while several infected areas
were found in the North West (6, 10 and 22 foci in 2013, 2014 and 2015, respectively). Definitely, the novel FD foci detected in the survey (17, 6, 12 and 23 in
each year of survey) and the widespread of BN, suggest a dangerous distribution of GY in Tuscan
Regulation FD: SEC Reestablishes Enforcement Capabilities over Selective Disclosure.
No full textThis Recent Development focuses on the potential effects Regulation Fair Disclosure (FD) will have on the participants in the American capital market and on the stock markets themselves. Congress and the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) seek to achieve confidence in the integrity and fairness of the American stock market and protection of investors from fraud by promoting equal opportunities for investors. In order to maintain a competitive edge, vis-à-vis its foreign counterparts, the United States must continually refine its financial systems to maximize fairness and integrity. This Recent Development focuses on selective disclosure—allowing a limited segment of investors access to information about a company’s financial performance—along with the inability of existing securities regulations to prohibit such practices. The recently promulgated Regulation FD is a measure anticipated to reign in the disclosure of nonpublic information to a privileged few. Specific requirements within the Regulation FD are examined by the author, and the SEC intends for the Regulation FD to level the playing field for investors. Furthermore, this Recent Development addresses potential trouble areas caused by the regulation’s interplay with other securities rules and regulations. In addition to suggestions for compliance, the various touchstones of controversy such as the effects related to Regulation FD on the securities industry are also discussed. Regulation FD molds a remedy to the perceived evils of selective disclosure. Confidentiality agreements represent the SEC’s strategy for controlling selective disclosure, without expressly authorizing it. This Recent Development concludes with an assessment of the practical effects that Regulation FD will have on the securities industry and the likelihood that it is here to stay
A Millimeter-Wave Front-End for FD/FDD Transceivers Featuring an Embedded PA and an N-Path Filter Based Circulator Receiver
No full textThis work presents an ultra-compact single-antenna FD/FDD transceivers front-end. It comprises a nonreciprocal circulator, RX, and an integrated power amplifier (PA). In the proposed circulator, we devise a ring quarter-wave transmission line topology with adjusted characteristic impedances to improve TX-to-antenna insertion loss and TX-to-RX isolation. Besides, an AND-gate switching-based N-path filter is proposed to realize the circulator's nonreciprocal gyrator while acting as a mixer-first RX. Owing to the ultra-compact N-path filter structure, the circulator occupies only 0.38mm 2 core area. Over a 27.1-to-31.1GHz band, the realized front-end offers >20dB TX-to-RX isolation while its measured TX-to-antenna insertion loss is 1.7~2.2dB. The RX path tolerates the PA's blocker signal, achieving 5dBm in-band and 13dBm out-of-band B 1dB. Moreover, the PA delivers 15.15dBm peak output power with 33% drain efficiency. Our front-end prototype occupies only 0.7mm 2 , including circulator, PA, quadrature hybrid coupler LO generators, and baseband circuits.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Electronic
() Jackknife results for the PD- and FD- libraries: yellow squares indicate hits detected from the PD- library, blue squares indicate hits detected from the FD- library and green squares indicate hits detected from both the libraries
No full text<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Detecting DNA-binding helix–turn–helix structural motifs using sequence and structure information"</p><p>Nucleic Acids Research 2005;33(7):2129-2140.</p><p>Published online 14 Apr 2005</p><p>PMCID:PMC1079965.</p><p>© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved</p> Incorrectly aligned hits are highlighted with slashes and crosses: forward slashes (/) indicate incorrectly aligned hits detected from the FD- library, backward slashes (\) indicate incorrectly aligned hits detected from the PD- library and crosses (X) indicate incorrectly aligned hits detected from both the libraries. () Jackknife results for the combination of PD- and FD- libraries and the method of 3D-templates. Green squares indicate hits detected from either the FD- library or the PD- library or both; red squares indicate hits detected from the method of 3D-templates; and brown squares indicate hits detected from all the three methods
Risk of screening adherence by category of FD practices.
No full textA. FDs (the markers correspond to the practice baricenter and marker colors to adherence category) plotted against SARs for small triangular areas (about 0.50 km2). B. Top panel: crude adherence rates (left) and (right) by FD practices. Bottom panel: marginal predicted adherence probability for low adherence FDs and high participation FDs and, for comparison, adherence probability for a generic person at average level of covariates. Figure was created by the author Bianconi F. combing the caterpillar, bar plots and maps generate with GeCO-sys an extension of [21].</p
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