178 research outputs found
Cannabinoid receptor CB1 mRNA is highly expressed in the rat ciliary body: Implications for the antiglaucoma properties of marihuana
No full textWe used RT-PCR to measure relative differences in cannabinoid receptor (CB) mRNAs in the rat eye, comparing CB1 or CB2 transcripts to that of the normalizing reference gene β2 microglobulin (β2m). Significantly higher levels of CB1 mRNA levels were found in the ciliary body (0.84 ± 0.05% of β2m) than in the iris, (0.34 ± 0.04% of β2m), retina (0.07 ± 0.005% of β2m) and choroid (0.06 ± 0.005% of β2m). CB2 mRNA was undetectable. This expression pattern supports a specific role for the CB1 receptor in controlling intraocular pressure, helping to explain the antiglaucoma property of cannabinoids
Percepción e interiorización del paisaje y construcción literaria. Una lectura geográfica de Els sots feréstecs, de Raimon Casellas (1901)
No full textProposem una lectura, des de l’òptica de la geografia, de la novel·la Els sots feréstecs de Raimon Casellas, publicada el 1901, amb gran èxit, i qualificada per la crítica com una obra rupturista i innovadora en diferents sentits —fins al punt de considerar-la com a paradigmàtica de la denominada “novel·la modernista”. Un aspecte que crida l’atenció de la novel·la és el protagonisme que hi té el paisatge —entès com el medi o escenari físic en el qual es desenvolupa la trama; aspecte, al cap i a la fi, que constitueix el nucli central de la nostra anàlisi i que, al llarg de l’article, tractem de contextualitzar adequadament a fi de permetre, en darrera instància, que la valoració de l’obra no es limiti a les seves qualitats literàries sinó que tingui també en compte el tractament dels aspectes d’ordre espacial i geogràfic, particularment original, que l’autor hi porta a terme.This study undertakes a geographical reading of the novel Els sots feréstecs (translated into English as Dark Vales) by Raimon Casellas and published in 1901. The book enjoyed great success, being described by critics as a ground-breaking, innovative work in many ways, with some even claiming it to be paradigmatic of the “modernist novel”. One striking aspect of the novel is the importance given to the landscape — understood here as the environment or physical setting in which the plot unfolds. It is this specific facet that constitutes the central core of the present article, which seeks to contextualize the landscape described, so that any appraisal of the novel is not simply limited to its literary qualities but also takes into account the original focus given by the author to the book’s spatial and geographical qualities.Proponemos una lectura, desde la óptica de la geografía, de la novela Els sots feréstecs (en la edición en castellano, Las cañadas indómitas) publicada en 1901, con gran éxito, y calificada por la crítica como una obra rupturista e innovadora en diferentes sentidos —hasta el punto de considerarla como paradigmática de la denominada “novela modernista”. Un aspecto que llama la atención de la novela es el protagonismo que tiene en ella el paisaje —entendido como el medio o escenario físico en el que se desarrolla la trama—; aspecto, al fin y al cabo, que constituye el núcleo central de nuestro análisis y que, a lo largo del artículo, tratamos de contextualizar adecuadamente a fin de permitir, en última instancia, que la valoración de la obra no se circunscriba a sus cualidades literarias sino que tenga también en cuenta el tratamiento de los aspectos de orden espacial y geográfico, particularmente original, que el autor lleva a cabo
À la frontière entre la France et l’Espagne : la création d’une architecture nationale catalane. Étude des écrits du critique et historien d’art Raimon Casellas (1901-1905)
No full textEn 1901, le parti catalaniste de la Ligue régionaliste arrive en tête des élections municipales de Barcelone. Considérant que la Catalogne est culturellement différente du reste de l’Espagne, il aspire à faire de cette région un État-nation indépendant. Dans ce contexte, on assiste à la définition d’une architecture typiquement catalane, bien distincte de l’architecture espagnole, qui vient appuyer le discours catalaniste. Dès lors, il est pertinent de se demander comment le discours sur l’architecture participe à démontrer que la Catalogne est une région profondément différente de l’État espagnol, pouvant légitimement accéder au statut d’État-nation indépendant. L’analyse des écrits produits et conservés entre 1901 et 1905 par le critique d’art, journaliste, collectionneur et écrivain indépendantiste catalan Raimon Casellas (1855-1910) révèle, à travers l’étude de l’architecture, qu’il existerait une identité culturelle catalane, indépendante des frontières politiques. L’architecture catalane, construite en réaction à ses deux pays frontaliers que sont l’Espagne et la France, est tout à fait spécifique. Paradoxalement, ce sont les discours étrangers français, et non espagnols, qui contribuent indirectement à fabriquer une architecture nationale catalane dont le but est de servir le message catalaniste en faveur de l’indépendance de la Catalogne vis-à-vis du royaume d’Espagne.In 1901, the Catalanist party, the Regionalist League, won the municipal elections in Barcelona. Seeing Catalonia as culturally different from the rest of Spain, it aimed to make the region an independent nation-state. In this context, a definition of typical Catalan architecture, distinct from Spanish architecture, supported the Catalanist discourse. It seems relevant then to wonder how discourse about architecture took part in demonstrating that Catalonia is an entirely different region from Spain, a region which can legitimately claim independent nation-state status. The analysis of the writings of the Catalan and pro-independence art critic, journalist, collector and author Raimon Casellas (1855-1910), preserved for the years between 1901 and 1905, shows, through their architectural studies, that there was a Catalan cultural identity, independent of political borders. Catalan architecture, which emerged in reaction to both of its bordering countries, Spain and France, is specific and genuine. Paradoxically, it was the French discourse and not the Spanish discourse which contributed indirectly to the identification of a Catalan national architecture with an objective of furthering the Catalanist message in favour of the independence of Catalonia
Vascular endothelin-1 gene expression and synthesis and effect on renal type I collagen synthesis and nephroangiosclerosis during nitric oxide synthase inhibition in rats.
No full textBACKGROUND: The progression of hypertension during NO deficiency is associated with renal vascular fibrosis due to increased extracellular matrix (mainly collagen I) formation. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether endothelin-1 (ET-1) is involved in this pathophysiological process. METHODS AND RESULTS: Treatment of rats for 4 weeks with the NO synthase inhibitor Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) 50 mg. kg-1. d-1 increased systolic blood pressure to 159+/-12 mm Hg. In animals treated with L-NAME, histological evaluation of renal sections revealed an increased formation of extracellular matrix (Masson's trichrome), and specifically of collagens (Sirius red). A part of this fibrosis was attributed to abnormal collagen I presence, because mRNA expression of the collagen I alpha1 chain (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction) and procollagen I formation (radioimmunoassay) were increased 3- and 2.5-fold, respectively, in the renal resistance vessels of hypertensive animals. In subsequent experiments, we examined whether ET-1 was involved in activation of collagen I formation. mRNA expression (RNase protection assay) of preproET-1 and ET-1 content (radioimmunoassay) were 10-fold and 3-fold increased, respectively, in renal microvessels of rats treated with L-NAME. Interestingly, in these vessels, ET-1 (immunostaining) was colocalized with sudanophilic lesions. Bosentan, an ET receptor antagonist (20 mg. kg-1. d-1), coadministered with L-NAME canceled the increased mRNA expression and synthesis of collagen I and attenuated the severity of renal vascular lesions without affecting L-NAME-induced high blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate that ET-1 synthesis is increased in renal microvessels when NO production is suppressed. In this model of hypertension, ET-1 is a major activator of collagen I formation in renal resistance vessels and participates in the development of renal fibrosis without affecting systolic blood pressure
Moving from decline to revival in post-industrial cities: an examination of why Baltimore's tourism strategies do not work
No full textCitations of sources, conclusions, or opinions expressed in this publication are the responsibility of the author and do not reflect the policies or views of staff or others affiliated with the Institute for Policy Studies or Johns Hopkins University
Capital social como estructura de análisis: validaciones en perspectivas de género y territorio
No full textEste artículo estudia las categorías analíticas del concepto de capital social desde una perspectiva de género. Cómo se produce, se distribuye y quienes son los beneficiarios de capital social está siendo objeto de un debate abierto dentro de diferentes disciplinas. En geografía, capital social se puede configurar como una herramienta de interpretación básica, sobre todo en el estudio de los trabajos de mujeres en áreas rurales de montaña. El artículo analiza las aportaciones de cuatro de losmmás importantes teóricos del concepto, Pierre Bourdieu, James Coleman, Robert Putnam y Nan Lin, con el objetivo de hacer una relectura de capital social que ayude a abrir un debate sobre cómo identificar y analizar las aportaciones hechas por las mujeres en el ámbito de capital socialThis article examines the analytical categories of the concept of social capital from a gender perspective. How social capital is produced and distributed, and who are its beneficiaries are the subject of an ongoing debate amongst different disciplines. In geography, social capital can be described as a basic tool for interpretation, especially when studying the jobs of women in rural mountainous areas. This article analyses the contributions by four of the most important theoreticians of the concept: Pierre Bourdieu, James Coleman, Robert Putnam and Nan Lin, with the purpose of undertaking a re-interpretation of social capital that helps to open up a debate on how to identify and analyse the contributions made by women in the realm of social capita
Approche histopathologique de l'implication du récepteur périphérique des benzodiazépines dans le développement des pathologies inflammatoires auto-immunes - effet des ligands Ro5-4864, PK 11195 et SSR 180575 sur les atteintes articulaires, cutanées, pulmonaires et rénales chez la souris Mr1/1pr
No full textMONTPELLIER-BU Sciences (341722106) / SudocSudocFranceF
Internalization of the cytotoxic molecules of T101 F(ab')2 - (ricin-A-chain) immunotoxin into human T-leukemic cells
No full textCapital social como estructura de análisis : validaciones en perspectivas de género y territorio
No full textEste artículo estudia las categorías analíticas del concepto de capital social desde una perspectiva de género. Cómo se produce, se distribuye y quienes son los beneficiarios de capital social está siendo objeto de un debate abierto dentro de diferentes disciplinas. En geografía, capital social se puede configurar como una herramienta de interpretación básica, sobre todo en el estudio de los trabajos de mujeres en áreas rurales de montaña. El artículo analiza las aportaciones de cuatro de losmmás importantes teóricos del concepto, Pierre Bourdieu, James Coleman, Robert Putnam y Nan Lin, con el objetivo de hacer una relectura de capital social que ayude a abrir un debate sobre cómo identificar y analizar las aportaciones hechas por las mujeres en el ámbito de capital socialThis article examines the analytical categories of the concept of social capital from a gender perspective. How social capital is produced and distributed, and who are its beneficiaries are the subject of an ongoing debate amongst different disciplines. In geography, social capital can be described as a basic tool for interpretation, especially when studying the jobs of women in rural mountainous areas. This article analyses the contributions by four of the most important theoreticians of the concept: Pierre Bourdieu, James Coleman, Robert Putnam and Nan Lin, with the purpose of undertaking a re-interpretation of social capital that helps to open up a debate on how to identify and analyse the contributions made by women in the realm of social capita
The use of natural light and color in meditation spaces: an application in a pavilion in China
No full textThis paper is an exploration of meditation and architectural design methodology, based on the author's critique of the crisis of materialism and pragmatism in contemporary Chinese architecture. Starting from the theories of art, aesthetics, psychology, philosophy and other related "architecture and spatial context" and combining with data analysis, this paper designs a meditative space to guide people's thinking and summarizes a theory of architectural design.
First of all, the author argues the current state of the material crisis in contemporary Chinese architecture and draws out the problem to start thinking about solutions. Then by vertically comparing ancient China and showing case studies, it is argued that light plays an important role in the creation of spatial moods. Preliminary design are proposed through field research combined with the influence of light on people, architectural space and context in the previous paper. Then the author argues that color diversity plays an important role in the creation of spatial mood by comparing European countries (Spain) with case studies, and then the author makes a questionnaire survey and analyzes data in order to find the effect of different colors on human emotions. Finally, through the field research on the color of light inside the space, combined with the influence of light and color on people, architectural space and mood in the previous article, the author proposes the final design
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