1,721,033 research outputs found
Intersecting sovereignties: Border camps and border villages in wartime North America
No full textThe forced removal of civilians of Japanese ancestry from homes along the sensitive West Coast of North America, and their incarceration in detention centres and remote concentration camps, remains a particularly troubling episode within Second World War histories. State sovereignty, imposed in this manner, created an internal border condition where a group of minority citizens was disenfranchised. The denial of civil liberties was further spatialised in the camp facilities erected for their accommodation; barrack cities in the USA and repurposed or rebuilt work camps in Canada. This chapter compares the facilities at Manzanar, California, with those at New Denver, British Columbia, examining how social oppression was conveyed through two very different types of camp architecture, and how incarcerated populations responded to them. The chapter’s additional focus on an orphanage and a sanatorium uncovers internal generational vulnerabilities
The remembered village between Europe and Asia-Minor: Nea Magnisia at Bonegilla
No full textThe resilience of multiple troubled histories as constituent features of Australia’s immigrant heritage draws attention to processes outside recognised nation-building narratives, not necessarily captured at commemorative sites. Immigrant and refugee lives gain dignity and value through empathetic recognition of the ontological connections that shaped their natal subjectivity prior to displacement, but representing them proves challenging. A village modelled from memory by a former European immigrant and exhibited at Victoria’s Bonegilla heritage site inserts new knowledge of an early twentieth-century conflict into Australian border space. This chapter examines the commemorative practices around the refugee village of Nea Magnisia exhibited at the ‘Bonegilla Migrant Experience’, the national heritage-listed former border camp, as illuminating how displacement is recollected and historicised. It explores the meaning and value of nostalgic reconstructions and their resonance for the reception of contemporary refugees. The chapter crosses multiple historical geographies: Greece, Turkey (Asia-Minor) and Australia following a single immigrant’s story
Intersecting sovereignties
No full textThis introduction presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in the subsequent chapters of this book. The book examines the military exclusion zone defensively created by North American governments—against the threat of Japanese invasion during the war—as a border space. It explains the controlled opacity of government-supported offshore detention at Manus Island, Papua New Guinea and Nauru. The book illustrates expansionist ambitions, whether by border crossing, exclusion or media proliferation, highlighting different manifestations of territorial sovereignty. It focuses on a number of counter-monuments erected, removed, transported and recreated in a dynamic political practice where histories of the Berlin Wall are mobilised and multiplied for protesting EU border policies. The book discusses the demilitarised zone between North and South Korea is an opaque, resilient barrier of Cold War hostilities in Asia. It explores the evolving cultural politics surrounding the redevelopment of this site and its neighbourhood as responding to a utopian postcolonial urban vision advanced by the state
Introduction [to the book The Project of Independence: Architectures of Decolonization in South Asia, 1947-1985]
No full textPublisher:
Place of publication:
Edition:
1
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pages
Editors:
Stierli, Martino; Pieris, Anoma; Anderson, Sea
Counting database repairs under primary keys revisited
Full text linkConsistent query answering (CQA) aims to deliver meaningful answers when queries are evaluated over inconsistent databases. Such answers must be certainly true in all repairs, which are consistent databases whose difference from the inconsistent one is somehow minimal. An interesting task in this context is to count the number of repairs that entail the query. This problem has been already studied for conjunctive queries and primary keys; we know that it is #P-complete in data complexity under polynomial-time Turing reductions (a.k.a. Cook reductions). However, as it has been already observed in the literature of counting complexity, there are problems that are "hard-to-count-easy-to-decide", which cannot be complete (under reasonable assumptions) for #P under weaker reductions, and, in particular, under standard many-one logspace reductions (a.k.a. parsimonious reductions). For such "hard-to-count-easy-to-decide" problems, a crucial question is whether we can determine their exact complexity by looking for subclasses of #P to which they belong. Ideally, we would like to show that such a problem is complete for a subclass of #P under many-one logspace reductions. The main goal of this work is to perform such a refined analysis for the problem of counting the number of repairs under primary keys that entail the query
Model-theoretic characterizations of rule-based ontologies
Full text linkAn ontology specifies an abstract model of a domain of interest via a formal language that is typically based on logic. Although description logics are popular formalisms for modeling ontologies, tuple-generating dependencies (tgds), originally introduced as a unifying framework for database integrity constraints, and later on used in data exchange and integration, are also well suited for modeling ontologies that are intended for data-intensive tasks. The reason is that, unlike description logics, tgds can easily handle higher-arity relations that naturally occur in relational databases. In recent years, there has been an extensive study of tgd-ontologies and of their applications to several different data-intensive tasks. However, the fundamental question of whether the expressive power of tgd-ontologies can be characterized in terms of model-theoretic properties remains largely unexplored. We establish several characterizations of tgd-ontologies, including characterizations of ontologies specified by such central classes of tgds as full, linear, guarded, and frontier-guarded tgds. Our characterizations use the well-known notions of critical instance and direct product, as well as a novel locality property for tgd-ontologies. We further use this locality property to decide whether an ontology expressed by frontier-guarded (respectively, guarded) tgds can be expressed by tgds in the weaker class of guarded (respectively, linear) tgds, and effectively construct such an equivalent ontology if one exists
Benchmarking approximate consistent query answering
Full text linkConsistent query answering (CQA) aims to deliver meaningful answers when queries are evaluated over inconsistent databases. Such answers must be certainly true in all repairs, which are consistent databases whose difference from the inconsistent one is somehow minimal. Although CQA provides a clean framework for querying inconsistent databases, it is arguably more informative to compute the percentage of repairs in which a candidate answer is true, instead of simply saying that is true in all repairs, or is false in at least one repair. It should not be surprising, though, that computing this percentage is computationally hard. On the other hand, for practically relevant settings such as conjunctive queries and primary keys, there are data-efficient randomized approximation schemes for approximating this percentage. Our goal is to perform a thorough experimental evaluation and comparison of those approximation schemes. Our analysis provides new insights on which technique is indicated depending on key characteristics of the input, and it further provides evidence that making approximate CQA as described above feasible in practice is not an unrealistic goal
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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