1,720,960 research outputs found
Optimisation of Carbon Capture and Utilisation Value Chains
Full text linkThis PhD thesis identifies, examines and characterises all parts of the carbon capture and utilisation (CCU) value chain to assess its potential to be used as a CO2 emission mitigation option and, by extension, support global warming mitigation efforts. It puts CCU value chains in the context of global warming mitigation by establishing the relationship between increasing CO2 emissions, global warming and the efforts of the European Union to reduce them. CCU value chains can be defined as the process of generating profit by capturing CO2 from CO2-emitting sources and transporting it to CO2 receivers for utilisation, within a process or the production of commercial products. The examination of CCU value chains starts by identifying the chain’s individual steps followed by a breakdown of the steps in four sections that make up the chain: utilisation, CO2 sources, CO2 capture and CO2 transportation. Each section is introduced by discussing its purpose, process and limitations within the chain, followed by a characterisation of the key elements and identifying and specifying factors that could be used in optimisation. Utilisation happens at CO2 receivers where CO2 is sold for profit and utilised in a process or for the production of commercial products; CO2 sources produce the CO2 emissions; CO2 capture technologies capture CO2 at the source and prepare it for transportation; and CO2 transportation is responsible for delivering CO2 at the receiver for utilisation. Numerous attempts have been made in the past aimed at optimising individual steps of the chain, and various attempts have been made to integrate approaches and achieve optimisation for more than one of the steps, but these have proved difficult because of their high complexity. This PhD thesis chose a different and simpler approach that requires fewer variables and provides a quick and reliable holistic solution to propose optimised regional CCU value chain schemes by integrating all steps of the CCU value chain. It was concluded that CCU value chains show high potential for CO2 emission mitigation if they are rigorously assessed, tailored and optimised for a specified region before application.
The novel contributions of the thesis are:
• Knowledge base of CO2 receivers and their characterization
• Knowledge base of CO2 sources and their characterization
• Framework for the matching of CO2 sources with CO2 capture technologies based on their compatibility
• Models for estimating CO2 capture cost
• Algorithm and business model for CCU value chain optimisation
The first four concepts have been integrated within an algorithm, the main novelty of the thesis, which optimizes the implementation of CCU value chains, and a business model that proposes realistic CCU schemes in a given region. The developed algorithm and business model can map the CO2 sources and receivers in a specified region and select the sets of optimal solutions based on the optimisation preference of the user for the development of CCU value chains by matching CO2 sources and receivers based on (i) the technological compatibility and maturity of technologies, (ii) CO2 capture costs, (iii) CO2 transportation costs, (iv) CO2 utilisation costs and (v) profit within a defined project lifetime. The algorithm and the business model have been validated using real life examples (industry level, regional level, and national level) and have been also implemented in an online platform for enabling symbiotic value chains for solid waste management (the development of which happened as part of the Interreg V-B “Balkan Mediterranean 2014-2020” SWAN project where we as part of the University of Huddersfield were invited as experts in industrial symbiosis field, but which was outside the scope of this thesis). The application and validation of the algorithm and business model in these areas demonstrate the strengths of the novel concepts and their potential to commercialise CCU value chains and contribute to global warming mitigation, and also to be used in areas other than CCU value chain optimisation
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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