1,720,997 research outputs found
Urbanistas, ambulantes and mendigos: the dispute for urban space in Mexico City, 1890-1930
Full text linkOur views of Porfirian Mexico City are heavily influenced by the grandeur of the buildings and avenues and the elegance of colonias built during that period. It is easy to share the nostalgia for los tiempos de don Porfirio, when Mexican society seemed as peaceful and well-organized as the walkways under the shady trees of the Paseo de la Reforma and the Alameda. This essay, however, contends that such images of civilization were only the precarious result of a negotiation between the regime's projects of urban modernization and the everyday practices of the majority of the urban population. As the Porfirian and post-revolutionary elites tried to shape the city according to their desires and economic interests, they turned to the police to punish the lower-class public behaviors which did not mold to those projects. The urban poor, on the other hand, developed a sceptical view of justice and order. They used the city in different ways, walking across the social boundaries between rich and marginal areas, challenging the authority of the police, and even subverting the "official" dictates about Street nomenclature
A Esfera Pública na América Latina: Um Mapa da Historiografia
Full text linkA categoria “esfera pública” é frequentemente utilizada pelos historiadores da América Latina sem muita preocupação acerca de suas implicações teóricas e metodológicas. Este artigo pretende revisar a historiografia que tem aplicado as ideias de Habermas à história latino-americana. Centrado em alguns livros particularmente importantes, o artigo pretende examinar potenciais caminhos para a pesquisa e comparações. Ao invés de se tornar uma nova ortodoxia para o estudo da região, a teoria da esfera pública está estabelecendo um diálogo entre historiadores interessados em fenômenos intelectuais e discurso político (a maioria deles centrada na história do liberalismo após as independências) e aqueles historiadores cujo interesse em formações sociais enquadrou seus estudos em termos de hegemonia e dominação de classe
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El Saber Sobre el Crimen: Rudos contra Expertos en la Ciudad
Full text linkLos dos libros que aquí se reseñan vienen a complicar de una manera saludable esta imagen del saber sobre el crimen como pancracio.Tanto Enrique Desmond Arias, al estudiar el narcotráfico en Río de Janeiro, como Daniel M. Goldstein, al examinar linchamientos en un barrio de Cochabamba, identifican la complejidad de actores e intereses reunidos por el problema del crimen. El Estado es un actor entre otros, generalmente más notable por su ausencia o su colaboración con los criminales que por su papel punitivo o preventivo. En este articulo, Pablo analiza los libros de Enrique y Goldstein para entrar la discusión sobre el tema del crimen en sudamerica. Pablo concluye que el crimen es difícil de definir pero lo que es cierto es que está hecho de relaciones que generalmente son públicas, a veces conflictivas y, aunque cueste admitirlo, productivas
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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A Historical Perspective on Crime in Twentieth-Century Mexico City
Full text linkThis paper is an overview of perceptions of crime in Mexico City during the twentieth century. After a brief review of quantitative evidence and the main sources on crime, the paper surveys police and judicial corruption as the common denominator of public perceptions of crime, punishment, and the judiciary. The paper then discusses gender violence and juvenile delinquency as two criminal practices that have characterized the impact of crime in everyday life. Based on a review of evidence about areas of the city commonly associated with crime, the paper concludes with a discussion of the reactions of urban communities and civil society against crime
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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