1,720,964 research outputs found
Evaluation Of Control Strategies For Eradication Of Bovine Tuberculosis In Endemic Settings
Get PDFUniversity of Minnesota Ph.D. dissertation. May 2019. Major: Veterinary Medicine. Advisors: Andres Perez, Julio Alvarez. 1 computer file (PDF); xx, 154 pages.Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is an infectious disease of cattle that has an important impact in animal and public health. In spite of many efforts and resources invested in its eradication, bTB is still endemic in many countries. The intradermal tuberculin test- and- slaughter of bTB positive animals, with the slaughter surveillance, are the basis of bTB-control and eradication programs in place. However, the accuracy of intradermal testing tends to vary broadly with factors inherent to the country and to the individual immunity of the animal. In Uruguay, in spite of many efforts dedicated to bTB eradication, this disease has reached unprecedented prevalence levels in large, intensified dairy systems in the past years (2010-2018). This raised concerns regarding the suitability of the bTB-control strategies to reach eradication in this evolving demographic and management scenarios. In this dissertation we aimed to assess current and alternative control strategies for bTB in high-prevalence endemic settings, considering the identified demographic and management risk factors, to guide the design and implementation of optimal control and eradication procedures through mathematical modeling. Overall, we demonstrate that JD has an effect in bTB-diagnostic results at the herd and individual level in high prevalence bTB and JD coinfected populations studied, which needs to be addressed in the planning of bTB-control programs, specifically in regards of the performance of the bTB-diagnostic tools used. Still, in this co-infected scenario, the use of IGRA notably improved the sensitivity of detection in these herds, which can be beneficial in declining initial high bTB-prevalence levels. However, it is crucial to incorporate bTB-testing in young animals (<12 months) to break disease transmission and achieve eradication. Further studies would be required in order to determine the best bTB-control strategy resulting from the interaction between bTB- and JD- epidemiology, test performance, and economic costs, while acknowledging the country logistics and socio-cultural perceptions. Nevertheless, this research represents the first attempt to integrate field risk factors for the diagnosis of bTB, and JD-coinfection in the design of control strategies for heavily infected herds that can be the foundation of optimal bTB-control strategies to reach eradication when depopulation is not suitable.Picasso-Risso, Catalina. (2019). Evaluation Of Control Strategies For Eradication Of Bovine Tuberculosis In Endemic Settings. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/206409
Epidemiological investigation of bovine tuberculosis outbreaks in Uruguay (2011-2013)
No full textUniversity of Minnesota M.S. thesis. May 2016. Major: Veterinary Medicine. Advisor: Andres Perez. 1 computer file (PDF); xiii, 70 pages.Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) is a chronic disease of cattle caused by infection with the Mycobacterium bovis, and with an important zoonotic potential. Countries have widely recognized BTB as a major animal and public health problem. Uruguay is a South American country with a strong agriculture-based tradition and economy. Uruguay was one of the pioneers in the fight against BTB in the world in the late 1800’s, with continuously update of BTB-control measures, especially in dairy herds, which resulted in the design of the current national BTB control program. Under the current BTB control program, surveillance is based on test-and-slaughter strategies for dairy farms, and abattoir carcasses inspection looking for tubercles in all slaughtered cattle. When a farm is reported as positive, control measures include movement restrictions, testing of neighboring farms, and traceback of all animal movements performed up to two years previous to the outbreak. As a consequence of this surveillance program, BTB prevalence in Uruguay has been traditionally low (44 cattle), and purchasing steers as factors increasing the odds of BTB. The first two factors were in agreement with previous studies, highlighting the importance of control in terms of disease spread this practice in the cattle industry. The association between BTB incidence and purchasing steers may be associated with certain management practices for which this covariate may serve as a proxy. Results from this study were presented to and discussed with Uruguayan Animal Health Bureau members to address applicability of results. These results and discussions contributed to the design and implementation of disease management strategies intended to enhance the effectiveness of BTB control programs in Uruguay, with the ultimate objective of preventing or mitigating the impact of the disease in the human and animal populations of the country.Picasso Risso, Catalina. (2016). Epidemiological investigation of bovine tuberculosis outbreaks in Uruguay (2011-2013). Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/181814
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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