1,720,954 research outputs found
SEX , STORAGE AND SYMBIONTS: OPTIMIZING MACROCYSTIS PYRIFERA GERMPLASM FOR KELP AQUACULTURE
No full textAs climate change and anthropogenic stressors accelerate the degradation of marine ecosystems, the need for resilient, reproductively competent germplasm to support seaweed aquaculture and restoration has never been more urgent. Yet, the evolutionary and biological integrity of long-term stored germplasm remains poorly understood. This dissertationinvestigates how artificial storage conditions reshape gene expression, host–microbe dynamics, and reproductive capacity in Macrocystis pyrifera, a foundational kelp species critical to temperate marine ecosystems and emerging aquaculture industries. By integrating transcriptomics, microbial community profiling, and fertility assessments, this work examines how ex situ conservation affects the viability and function of preserved gametophyte cultures. In Chapter 1, we examine how sex and light interact to regulate reproductive gene expression in male and female M. pyrifera gametophytes. Using RNA-seq, we identified large-scale sex-biased transcriptional programs that are differentially activated by red and blue light. Males exhibited nearly twice the number of over-expressed genes compared to females under both light treatments, particularly those related to cytoskeletal remodeling, motility, and signal transduction. In contrast, females over-expressed genes involved in metabolic processes, photosynthesis, and structural organization. We also identified over 1,000 genes with significant sex-by-light interaction effects, suggesting that environmental cues modulate gene expression in a context-dependent manner. These patterns underscore the importance of light as a developmental signal in gametogenesis and highlight the potential risks of disrupting sex-specific regulatory programs in hatchery or conservation settings where light regimes are manipulated. Chapter 2 focuses on microbial succession and host-microbiome interactions across long-term storage and recovery phases. Through 16S rRNA sequencing, we demonstrate that microbial communities undergo significant shifts during storage, characterized by a decrease in richness and compositional changes that reflect both ecological succession and storage-induced dysbiosis. Dysbiosis emerged in some cultures and correlated with reduced fertility, particularly at later recovery stages. Indicator species analysis identified taxa such as Pseudomonas as being associated with lower fertility, while others, like Nitratireductor and Labrenzia, were linked to higher reproductive success. Although antibiotic treatments altered microbial composition, reducing diversity and shifting community profiles, they did not consistently improve fertility outcomes. These results suggest that microbial community structure alone is not a reliable predictor of host performance, highlighting the complexity of host–microbiome interactions in cultured kelp gametophytes and the need for more targeted approaches to manipulate the microbiome in support of germplasm viability. In Chapter 3, we assess how reproductive performance changes over time in stored cultures, quantifying gametophyte fecundity and fertility as a function of storage duration and recovery conditions. Fecundity, measured by the number of live eggs, attached or detached, and fertility, measured by the number of sporophytes and embryos. We observed a general decline in reproduction with prolonged storage; however, gametophytes given longer recovery periods (GL treatment) frequently regained reproductive capacity comparable to or exceeding that of short-term recovered individuals (GS treatment). Notably, newly isolated gametophytes with no prior storage (NG treatment) exhibited the lowest fecundity and fertility, a surprising outcome that suggests gametophytes may require acclimation or developmental reprogramming to optimize reproductive success under lab conditions. This finding also points to possible effects of seasonal plasticity or age-related readiness, as NG cultures were collected outside the peak reproductive window. On average, GL cultures exhibited the highest number of sporophytes per frame, followed by GS, with NG cultures performing significantly worse across genotypes. Female and male genotypes had high variability among individuals, and genotype-specific patterns were evident within each treatment, emphasizing that reproductive potential is both genetically and environmentally regulated. Our results demonstrate that while long-term storage (LTS) can negatively impact gametophyte fertility, these effects can be mitigated by allowing sufficient recovery time. Moreover, the poor performance of wild-collected gametophytes highlights the importance of both developmental context and controlled acclimation in ex situ conservation programs. Together, these findings reveal that reproductive viability in kelp germplasm is not simply preserved by survival. It is shaped by evolving transcriptional landscapes, shifting microbial assemblages, and time-dependent physiological recovery. This dissertation emphasizes the need for conservation practices that maintain evolutionary functionality, not just genetic material. Recommendations include incorporating genotype-specific light regimes, microbial monitoring, and structured recovery protocols into kelp hatchery design. By addressing the biological complexity of stored gametophytes, this work lays a foundation for more reliable and informed germplasm management in seaweed aquaculture and restoration.2027-08-2
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
