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Philomena Murray
No full textThis record was harvested from a previous catalogue system and will be withdrawn in 2025. Information in this record may be superseded or incomplete. Visit this record in UMA's new catalogue at: https://archives.library.unimelb.edu.au/nodes/view/283043Location head and shoulders portrait of Philomena Murray.
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Item: [2003.0003.00018] "Philomena Murray
Deepening regionalism in Europe and ASEAN – the role of an economic constitution
No full textThe article examines the creation of an internal market in Europe and Southeast Asia from the perspective of constitutional economics. It assesses whether the success or failure of a regional integration process depends on the quality of the economic constitution that is chosen by participating countries, that is, on the set of rules and institutions, which bind the actions and transactions of operators within a jurisdiction and towards the operators of other jurisdictions. The article commences with an overview of the analytical instruments of constitutional economics in order to evaluate the success of a regional agreement on the basis of the ‘quality’ of its economic constitution. It then examines internal market creation in the EU and the Association of Southeast Asian Nation (ASEAN). The article concludes that it is the commitment to the implementation of a social contract that determines the successful establishment of a single market
Regionalism and community: Australia's options in the Asia-Pacific
No full textDrawing upon the lessons of region-building efforts elsewhere, this paper calls for a greater emphasis in Australian foreign policy on community building in Asia.
Authored by Philomena Murray, it explores the challenges of building a stronger ‘community’ in the Asia-Pacific, using a ‘comparative regionalism’ approach.
The report outlines five strategies for policymakers:
* that Australia should re-position itself as a ‘fore-runner state’ in Asia;
* promote mediation and reconciliation in the region’s long-running conflicts;
* develop its soft-power and educational exchanges across the region;
* promote sound design principles for the future of regional architecture;
* and build a consensus among regional states about the difficult issues of membership and mandate for future regional institutions.
Those strategies would be a longer-term recipe for better, more effective, regional institutions
Let's learn from Europe's mistakes
No full textHugh Morgan ignores the cost of the intolerant policies he proposes, write Philomena Murray and Adam Berryman
HUGH MORGAN’s call to ban dual citizenship is either a poor taste contribution to the Melbourne Comedy Festival or a genuine and disturbingly ill-informed view of Australian society. It is of considerable concern that an Australian business leader has pandered to the ill-informed by promoting xenophobic national chauvinism.
In his Wilfrid Brookes Memorial Lecture last week, Morgan said: “Because citizenship is one of the most important elements in personal identity, a person who is a citizen of two countries has at least the beginning of a bipolar disorder.” He went on to claim that this “bipolarity” is a symptom of divided loyalties, and represents a threat to our national survival due to our strategic vulnerability. He managed to conflate citizenship, identity and security - without grasping the complexities of any of them - and in so doing offends those who deal with a mental illness in their lives.
It might be instructive to look at European experiences with immigration and citizenship - as it is clear that non-European Union immigrants do not have an easy time there. These experiences should be avoided in Australia.
Germany had, until recently, always denied that it was an immigrant country and citizenship was traditionally difficult to obtain. Recent reforms have addressed this but even now, dual citizenship is not generally permitted. Many immigrants now entitled to German citizenship are reluctant to take it up due to their experience of social exclusion there. For the millions of people living without German citizenship, this severely inhibits their ability to be incorporated into society.
Andrew Robb, parliamentary secretary to Immigration Minister Amanda Vanstone, has called for citizenship tests for new Australians, requiring them to demonstrate their English language skills and knowledge of Australia’s values, customs, laws and history, as “successful integration is overwhelmingly in the interests of migrants and the broader community”. The Dutch have recently introduced such a test, and the Germans are considering doing the same.
In France, on the other hand, citizenship is comparatively easy to obtain. Dual citizenship is permitted but there is a fundamental assumption that French citizenship implies an absolute identification with the state. This refusal to acknowledge ethnic and cultural diversity results in de facto exclusionism, as the socioeconomic condition of ethnic minorities in France lags far behind the national standard. The French assimilationist model of incorporation, despite its equitable citizenship provisions, has led to problems of social exclusion and ethnic tensions manifest in the riots of late 2005.
What Morgan effectively proposes is that Australia takes the least successful aspects of the German and French models and applies them in an Australian context. If these European examples are anything to go by, the result would be a social disaster.
Unfortunately, none of this is particularly new. We have seen an increasing number of political and business leaders weighing into the debate on Australian values, calling for a reassessment of multiculturalism as our model of immigrant incorporation. These attitudes tend to undervalue our diversity. Morgan calls for social and political coherence, but this requires tolerance and not homogeneity or symbols imposed on us by someone who values being rich in monetary terms and not in societal ones.
Morgan argues that the historical development of European nation states was aided by their ability to attract skilled workers. This is true, and is in fact still quite relevant, as many Western countries - France, Germany and Australia included - are dealing with a demographic deficit; we are an ageing population. We in Australia would feel the pinch if immigration were to stop.
So how do we attract immigrants? The Morgan formula is to tell them that they cannot have dual citizenship and must relinquish official connections with their country of origin: we need skilled workers but we don’t want to give them rights. We are supposed to urge our new citizens to drop their links with their country of origin so that we can deal with what he refers to as our “strategic position”.
It is notable that Morgan’s lecture was delivered at Deakin University, home to the Research Centre for Citizenship and Human Rights, which was founded to “explore the role of citizenship and human rights in reinvigorating civil society, responding to oppression and inequality and strengthening democracy”.
Universities are committed to advising and promoting understanding of other countries. One way to do this is to draw on our ethnic communities, using their personal and professional links with their countries of origin.
The fact remains that we are a multi-ethnic society and it has recently been estimated that Melbourne has the broadest representation of ethnicities of any city in the world, with a staggering 180 languages.
In other parts of Morgan’s lecture, he attacks postmodernism, cultural studies and gender studies. It’s one thing to criticise postmodernism, but another altogether to suggest that there is no social cost to the exclusionist values that he is promoting. •
Philomena Murray is director of the Contemporary Europe Research Centre at the University of Melbourne. Adam Berryman is writing a PhD at the university on EU immigration policies. This article first appeared in the Age.
Photo: Andrew Jeffre
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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