1,720,980 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Development of a framework of improved childbirth care for First Nation women in Manitoba: A First Nation family centred approach
No full textThis paper reports on a qualitative exploratory study focusing on the childbirth experiences of women and their families from a northern isolated community in Manitoba - who had to leave or were about to leave home to give birth. Perspectives from critical medical anthropology, cultural relativism and human ecological theory provided the theoretical foundation for this study. This study utilized ethnographic approaches to explore the perspectives of the women, their families and “significant others” and how they have been affected by policies, practices and structures at all levels of their environment in an attempt to gain a better understanding of the type of support and services that could potentially improve this experience.
Presently, women from northern, rural and/or isolated communities leave home from a period of a few days up to 10 weeks to deliver their babies in an urban tertiary centre. They stay in boarding homes with others who have left home to obtain medical care, or with family and friends. During this period of time the women often do not access prenatal support or services within the regional health authority, other than medical care from a primary care provider (whom they may not have seen prior in their pregnancy) or to receive specialized medical intervention and monitoring. The boarding homes where they often stay do not offer any prenatal support or outreach services and are not conducive to housing women so close to delivering a baby. The women spoke of their experiences of giving birth marred by memories of fear, anger, frustration, tears and longing for family. They also spoke of a renewed sense of hope and excitement at the opportunity to share their ideas about possible ways that their experience could be improved. This paper breathed life into their thoughts and brought their ideas together to develop a new vision towards a system of supportive childbirth care for First Nation women in Manitoba, and more specifically, for women who are medically evacuated from the north to deliver their babies in urban Manitoba. For the Faculty of Medicine, it is a Master’s thesis, but for me and the many women and residents of Berens River, it is an opportunity for First Nation women to participate in shaping policy and influencing the direction for care and services that is created for them. It is important to acknowledge that evacuation and temporary relocation for birth is not an issue unique to First Nation women, it impacts hundreds of other northern and rural Métis and non-First Nation women every year. However, their experience is not included in this study. This paper suggests immediate and interim solutions for women who must leave home to give birth, albeit, the ultimate aim is to return birthing services closer to home.May 201
A decolonizing approach in population health research: examining the impacts of the federal out for confinement policy on maternal and child outcomes in First Nation communities in Manitoba
No full textBackground: This dissertation documents a journey of an Anishinaabekwe student into the space where western and Indigenous methodologies meet. The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada’s (TRCC) Call to Action #19, challenges all levels of government to close the gap in measurable maternal and child outcomes. This study employs a decolonizing framework to examine the impact of the federal policy of evacuating women residing in rural and isolated First Nation communities in Manitoba to urban centres to deliver their babies. The overarching goal was to demonstrate how a decolonizing framework and positioning traditional Knowledge Keepers and knowledge at the forefront can inform quantitative research.
Approach and Methods: Decolonizing elements embedded within an Indigenous framework framed the retrospective cohort study by employing an Indigenous framework, a Council of Grandmothers/Knowledge Keepers/Grandmother Advisor to guide the research. A cohort comprising low-risk women residing in Manitoba First Nation communities who delivered a baby between the years 2005-2015 was assembled to compare women who travelled for birth and were subject to the “Out for Confinement” (OFC) policy (the practice of sending women out of their communities for birth) to those women who did not. Population-level administrative data housed at the Manitoba Centre for Health Policy were analyzed using logistic regression models to assess the association between the OFC policy on maternal, infant and child outcomes.
Results: Utilizing an Indigenous framework, this study generated evidence that the present-day colonial OFC policy harms Indigenous women, families, and communities. The OFC policy was associated with increased inadequate PNC (OR 1.64, 1.51, 1.79 CI) and small for gestational age births (OR 1.25, 1.02, 1.50 CI) and decreased breastfeeding initiation (OR 0.55, 0.50, 0.61 CI) and maternal psychological distress diagnoses (OR 0.43, 0.36, 0.51), after adjusting for various confounders.
Conclusion: To answer the TRCC call to improve maternal and infant outcomes, epidemiological and population health research requires epistemological frameworks that adequately incorporate the voices and realities of Indigenous people's lives while remaining scientifically robust. Decolonizing and Indigenous frameworks are feasible and essential in population health research and do not detract from scientific rigor.May 202
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Teenage Pregnancy and Parenthood Perspectives of First Nation Women
No full textThis paper summarizes a study that explored perspectives of Manitoba First Nation women on teenage pregnancy and parenthood. Data was derived through a qualitative methodology focusing on a life storytelling approach within a culturally informed framework and setting. The two main objectives of the study were to: (a) elucidate community perspectives on teenage pregnancy and parenting, and (b) understand their psychological, cultural, and socioeconomic causes and implications. The study was designed in consultation with staff and participants of the Manitoba First Nation Strengthening Families Maternal Child Health Program (SF-MCH). Through the storytelling technique, the women were able to practice or "work out" the unfolding of their personal relationships, past and present. Themes arose from the data that shed light upon women’s personal relationship experiences, meanings they ascribe to them, values, and aspirations for the future. The study included a participant engagement in policy development activity that had the women consider types of policies and programs to better support youth in First Nation communities
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