1,721,115 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Effects of a Single Dose of a Creatine-Based Multi-Ingredient Pre-workout Supplement Compared to Creatine Alone on Performance Fatigability After Resistance Exercise: A Double-Blind Crossover Design Study
Full text linkThis study aims to investigate the acute effects of a single oral administration of a creatine-based multi-ingredient pre-workout supplement (MIPS) on performance fatigability and maximal force production after a resistance exercise protocol (REP)
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Low Volume Resistance Exercise Prevents Loss of Muscle Mass and Function During 14 Days of Knee Immobilization
Full text link We aimed to determine the effectiveness of a low volume of high-intensity resistance
exercise, alone (EX) or in combination with a whey protein supplement (WHY +EX), on
prevention of muscle mass and strength loss following 14 days of knee immobilization in
humans. Seventeen recreationally active (i.e., exercise ≤ 2-3 d·wk^-1) participants (23.9±5.0 yr; BMI = 25.4±3.6 kg·m^-2) were divided into three groups: exercise (EX;
n=6), whey protein supplementation with exercise (WHY+EX; n=6), and control (CON;
n=5). All subjects wore a knee-immobilization brace such that one leg was completely non-weight bearing for 14d. The resistance exercise (RE) were performed unilaterally and consisted of one set of ten repetitions of leg press (with plantar flexion at full extension), knee extension, and seated calf raises every other day during the 14d immobilization period, at 80% of one repetition maximum. Subjects in the WHY+EX group consumed two 30g boluses of whey protein daily while EX and CON consumed isocaloric carbohydrate beverages. Immobilization induced a significant reduction (pThesisMaster of Science (MSc
Interaction of Loading and Feeding on Skeletal Muscle Anabolic Signaling and Protein Turnover in Humans
Full text link Resistance exercise and amino acids independently and synergistically stimulate muscle protein synthesis. Unloading of skeletal muscle depresses fasted state muscle protein synthesis, but the effect on the fed state response is unknown. Elucidation of the signaling pathways underlying the regulation of these processes in humans is in its infancy. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis was to determine how resistance exercise, feeding, and unloading interact to affect muscle protein turnover and its markers. In study 1 young men (N=9) underwent an acute bout of unilateral leg resistance exercise with or without feeding, with biopsies 6 h post exercise. Exercise dephosphorylated eiF2Bε and together with feeding potentiated the increase in phosphorylation of p70s6k and rps6. In study 2, 12 young people received primed constant infusions of 13C6-Phe in the fasted state and at one of two i.v. AA infusion rates (low, 42.5 mg/kg/h AA; high: 261 mg/kg/h AA) after 14 d of knee-brace mediated immobilization. Immobilization decreased fasted and fed state myofibrillar protein synthesis at both doses without obviously affecting translational signaling proteins. In study 3, two markers of muscle protein breakdown and oxidative damage were measured in 21 subjects (men, N=13, women, N=8) after 2 d and 14 d of knee-brace mediated immobilization. Protein ubiquitination was elevated after 2 d of immobilization but there was no sustained elevation in ubiquination at 14 d or increases in the 14kDa actin fragment or protein carbonyls and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal. These studies support the concept that the responses of human muscle to changes in loading are primarily at the level of protein synthesis, and the p70 pathway appears to play a role in mediating the hypertrophic response. The currently known static markers of translational signaling and protein breakdown, however, are not very informative when attempting to account for an underlying molecular mechanism for disuse atrophy. ThesisDoctor of Philosophy (PhD
The effect of resistance training repetition load on muscular hypertrophy and strength in young resistance trained men
No full textResistance training (RT)-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy is partly responsible for the RT-induced increase in strength. Previously, we reported that exercise repetition load played a minimal role in the promotion of RT-induced gains in hypertrophy and strength gains in RT-naïve participants performing RE to volitional failure. Thus, the main aim of this study were to determine the effects of 12 weeks of RT on muscle strength and hypertrophy in a trained population. 49 resistance-trained men (mean ± SEM, 23 ± 1 years, 85.9 ± 2.2 kg, 181 ± 1 cm) were randomly allocated into a lower load-high-repetition group (HR, n=24) or a higher load-low-repetition group (LR, n=25). Repetition load was set so that volitional lifting failure was achieved within the repetition ranges of 20-25 (~35-50% of 1RM) for HR or 8-12 for LR (~70-85% of 1RM). Strength as one repetition maximum (1RM) was assessed pre and post. Changes in lean body mass (LBM), appendicular lean mass (ALM) and leg lean mass (LLM) were assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). There were significant increases in strength in all exercises with no differences between groups (p > 0.05) with the exception of bench press where LR showed a greater increase in 1RM than HR (p = 0.012). Similarly, LBM, ALM, and LLM increased significantly following training in the HR group (1.0 ± 0.9kg, p 0.05). These data show that RE performed to volitional failure using either HR or LR induces similar adaptations strength and lean mass accrual in young resistance-trained men.ThesisMaster of Science in KinesiologyResistance training (RT) results in an increase in muscle growth and an increase in strength. Previously, we have shown in young untrained males, that when exercise is performed until failure, or until the weight can no longer be lifted, that gains in muscle and strength were similar with the use of either light or heavy weights. The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of 12 weeks of RT on muscle growth and strength in young men who were already regularly participating in resistance exercise when performing either lower load high repetition RT (HR) or higher load low repetition RT (LR). Maximum strength and changes in muscle mass were assessed prior to and upon completion of the training protocol. Following 12 weeks of RT both groups increased muscle mass and strength to a similar extent with the exception of bench press which increased more in the LR group
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