1,721,052 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
To Investigate Associations Between Postprandial Meal Response and Genetic Variation in Young Healthy Male Adults: A Pilot Study
No full textThe science of nutrigenomics assesses gene–nutrient interactions using nutrient-related genetic markers or site-specific genetic variations in genes known as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). SNPs are one aspect of genetic variability that can impact an individual’s response to food, including lipid and glucose metabolism, insulin response and appetite. In general, genetic differences can influence absorption, metabolism, uptake, utilisation and excretion of nutrients, ultimately affecting several physiological and nutritional outcomes. The effect of genetic differences can be assessed by changes in physiological outcomes during the postprandial state. The literature reports known associations between a particular SNP and a change in a physiological outcome; the robustness of many of these associations is uncertain.
This study aimed to investigate the association between a range of physiological measures and the related 26 SNPs located in specific genes to consider the strength of their relationship during the postprandial digestive response to a standardised breakfast meal. This included: plasma concentrations of vitamin D and the cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily R member 1 gene (CYP2R1) and the group-specific component vitamin D binding protein gene (GC); iron and the homeostatic iron regulator protein gene (HFE) and the solute carrier family 17 member 1 (SLC17A1) and the transmembrane protease serine 6 gene (TMPRSS6) and the type-2 transferrin receptor gene (TRF2) and the transferrin coding gene (TF); zinc and the solute carrier family 30 member 3 gene (SLC30A3); saturated fat and the apolipoprotein A-II gene (APOA2); total cholesterol and the apolipoprotein A5 gene (APOA5); low-density lipoprotein and the ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 8 gene (ABCG8); high-density lipoprotein and the ATP-binding cassette subfamily A member 1 gene (ABCA1); triglycerides and the angiopoietin-like 3 gene (ANGPTL3); glucose and the adenylate cyclase 5 gene (ADCY5); insulin and the insulin-receptor substrate 1 gene (IRS1); dietary intake of omega-6 & -3 and the fatty acid desaturase 1 gene (FADS1); nutrients to assess energy balance and the mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 gene (UCP1); total fat and the transcription factor 7-like 2 gene (TCF7L2); saturated and unsaturated fat and the fat-mass and obesity-related alpha-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenase gene (FTO); monounsaturated fatty acids and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ2 gene (PPARγ2); protein and FTO gene; appetite scores for fat-taste perception and the cluster determinant 36 gene (CD36); sugar preference and the glucose transporter type 2 gene (GLUT2); hunger and the neuromedin beta gene (NMB).
Thirty young, healthy males (20–34 years) participated in an experimental study and consumed a standardised breakfast meal. Blood samples were collected before and hourly for 4 hours after a meal. Plasma samples were used to assess nutrient concentrations or physiological biomarker status. Buccal swabs were collected and analysed using the Illumina assay technique to assess SNPs. An online visual analogue 100-point scale was used to assess appetite scores upon arrival, immediately following ingestion, 30 minutes after ingestion and hourly for 4 hours after ingestion.
There was a positive association between the insulin-signalling IRS1 gene variant rs2943641, the typical risk (TT) compared to the increased risk (CT or CC), in relation to postprandial insulin levels, χ² = 1, N = 30, P = 0.0025, 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.61, 4.93]. The UCP1 gene variant -3826 rs1800592, the typical risk (AA) compared to the increased risk (GG or GA), was positively associated with participants’ body-mass index (BMI), χ² = 1, N = 30, P = 0.011, 95% CI [0.081, 0.757]. The “sugar preference” GLUT2 gene variant rs5400 was insignificant between the typical risk (CC) compared to the increased risk (CT or TT) in relation to an elevated preference for sugar intake, χ² = 1, N = 30, P = 0.07, 95% CI [0.94, 19.81]. However, a larger sample size may have revealed differences as significant. The remaining measures (vitamin D, iron, zinc, omega-6 and -3, protein, total fat, unsaturated and monounsaturated fat, cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein, triglycerides, fat taste, hunger and glucose) did not appear to associate with the genetic variants.
The findings of this study suggest a significant relationship between the associated SNP and digestive responses for the IRS1 gene variant rs2943641 and the UCP1 gene variant -3826 rs1800592. Despite scientific literature indicating statistically significant associations between other genetic variants and physiological outcomes, this study did not confirm the associations. However, as a pilot experimental study, we acknowledge that the power to determine other associations may be too small due to the limited sample size and the complexity of the genetic assessment. This study has emphasised many known associations between a particular SNP and a change in a physiological outcome, whilst providing information on how a genetic variant could increase health risks. Future research to establish the robustness and statistically significant associations between genetic variation and related psychological outcomes is needed. Whether the science of nutrigenomics is the key to producing the “perfect diet,” the efficacy and utility of nutrient-related genetic markers are still under investigation
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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