130,759 research outputs found
3-year results of the German nationwide survey on eye injuries caused by fireworks
No full textZusammenfassung Hintergrund Weltweit entstehen an Feiertagen schwere Augenverletzungen durch Feuerwerkskörper. Die Datenlage für Deutschland ist bislang unklar. Fragestellung Wie häufig entstehen solche Verletzungen in Deutschland, wer ist gefährdet, wie schwer sind die Verletzungen, welche Therapien erfordern sie, und wie häufig treten Begleitverletzungen auf? Methode Deutschlandweite standardisierte Online-Umfrage an bettenführenden, notdienstleistenden Augenkliniken und Auswertung der Ergebnisse über 3 Jahre. Ergebnisse Die Beteiligung konnte von 2016 bis 2019 von 41 auf 51 Augenkliniken gesteigert werden. Von 1356 Patienten war mehr als ein Drittel (33–39 %) minderjährig, rund 60 % 25 Jahre oder jünger und rund 60 % Bystander. Ein Viertel der Verletzungen war schwer und erforderte eine stationäre Therapie. Begleitverletzungen am Partnerauge, an Händen und Gesicht waren bei Minderjährigen häufiger als bei Erwachsenen. Bulbusrupturen wurden bei 10 Kindern und 38 Erwachsenen dokumentiert. Schlussfolgerungen Vor allem Minderjährige und Zuschauer müssen besser geschützt werden.Abstract Background On festive days worldwide eyes are severely injured by fireworks. The data on the number and severity are to date not registered in Germany. Objective How frequent are firework-induced injuries in Germany, who are the affected, how serious are the injuries, which forms of treatment are necessary and how frequent are accompanying injuries? Method A German nationwide online-based survey was carried out in all inpatient eye departments and data over the last 3 consecutive years were descriptively analyzed. Results From New Years Eve 2016/2017, when 41 eye departments sent in data, the participation could be increased to 51 eye departments in 2018/2019. More than one third (33–39%) of all 1356 patients over 3 years were minors, 60% were younger than 25 years old and roughly 60% of patients were injured as bystanders or in an unclear situation. In total 25% of all eye injuries were considered severe and required inpatient treatment. Accompanying injuries of the other eye, the face and hands were more frequent in minors than in adults. Eyeball ruptures were reported in 10 minors and 38 adults over the 3 years. Conclusion Particularly minors and bystanders need better protection
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Bir-kot-ghwandai in the Post-Kushan Period
No full textThe author introduces the data coming from the Post-Kushan layers of the Italian excavations directed by himself at Bir-kot-ghwandai (Swat, Pakistan), and interprets them in the light of the historical sources on the concerned period. Being one of the first stratigraphic excavations in urban sites of the region, the site of Bir-kot-ghwandai offers a precious contribution for the study of the architectural and artistic evidence of the period. Particularly noteworthy is the possibility of anchoring to a solid stratigraphic sequence the information on pottery, given that examples of similar wares have recently been acquired by Museums from the antiquarian market
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Il corpo senza organi dell'opera d'arte: creazione e schizofrenia in Antonin Artaud
No full textAfter having briefly outlined – according to R. D. Laing’s reflections, pioneer of the anti-psychiatric movement – Antonin Artaud schizophrenia characteristics, this essay focuses on one of his most peculiar traits: his rejection of the anatomical organization of the body, which requires the organs to obey to a hierarchically organized and productively aimed structure. This system was deeply inadequate and outside his psychic life – uncontrolled flow of thoughts and feelings constantly on the run from any structuring centrality – so Artaud aspired to the re-establishing of his body on new basis. And the mean by which he proposed to work this flesh alchemy out is the artistic creation, which is, in Artaud’s opinion, painfully and cruelly inseparable from being. The pattern he used is the body without organs, “immanence’s field of desire” according to Gilles Deleuze words, place of intensity and conflicts, surplus of life unfettered by purpose, so able to create by means of expanding and aggregating heterogeneous elements. This happens into the schizophrenic delirium which, in Deleuze and Guattari’s opinion, shows us a pattern of creation opposite to the western way of thought - the tree model - and this is the more libertarian rhizome pattern: in botanic the rhizome is an elongated and pulpy stem, with surface branches in every direction and underground concretions too; it grows in assemblages incorporating disparate elements, it may be broken in any part of its going on and increasing through new lines of flight, no matters the point of arrival, driven only by the anarchic force of desire. The work of art thus modeled, rather than mirror of a world which it remains separate from, will be intimately linked to the world, having incorporated irrelative fragments. Example of this way of creation, in Artaud’s opinion, is Van Gogh’s painting. His paintings seem authentic bodies without organs, rhizomatic combinations of art and life, graphic mark and matter, chemical colors and organic secretions, in a constant intrusion of the real level into the symbolic one. The 1947 essay by Artaud about the great Dutch painter too (Van Gogh le suicidé de la société) is in turn amenable to the pattern of the body without organs with respect to all levels: the promiscuity, always present, among experienced author and subject of study; disordered structure and without a center which juxtaposes different sections unable to come to a real conclusion; the same verbal material, encumbered by the presence of glossolalias: assemblages of syllables, elementary sounds which – often used by schizophrenics – seem to want to avoid the human voice to make sense with socially recognizable meanings, showing themselves as pure expressions of vocal cords, tongue, teeth and palate: organs finally free from any anatomical organization
Scholarly Communication and Publishing Lunch and Learn Talk #11: The ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund
No full textAt the May 2014 talk, you will learn about the ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund--what it is, why we do it, how it works, and how the program is going so far
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