1,720,952 research outputs found
Deadly silence? : suitability and limitations of subsonic ammunition for wildlife management applications
No full textVon Menschen verursachter Lärm kann bei Wildtieren zu einer Reduktion der Fitness führen (Schroeder et al. 2012). Als solcher kann ein Überschallknall, der im Flug von typischen Jagdgeschossen abgegeben wird, auch durch die Verwendung eines Schalldämpfers nicht minimiert werden (Caudell et al. 2013). Wird dies jedoch durch eine reine Reduktion der Geschossgeschwindigkeit unter die Schallgeschwindigkeit erreicht (Murphy et al. 2018), führt dies zu einer schlechten zielballistischen Wirkung (Caudell et al. 2013). Im Zuge der Arbeit wird das zielballistische Verhalten verschiedener Geschosse, mit unterschiedlicher Geschwindigkeit aber ähnlicher kinetischer Energie, verglichen. Der Autor zeigt erfolgreich, dass das flugballistische Problem der stark gekrümmten Flugbahn von Unterschallmunition durch ein Zielfernrohr mit elektronischer Flugbahnkompensation ausgeglichen werden kann. Versuche mit ballistischem Ton haben im Unterschallbereich erhebliche Differenzen in der zielballistischen Wirkung zwischen Geschossen unterschiedlicher Bauart gezeigt. Auch die Geschosswirkung zwischen den getesteten Projektilen mit Überschallgeschwindigkeit und Unterschallgeschwindigkeit zeigte deutliche Unterschiede. Die Grenzen der Anwendbarkeit von Unterschallmunition im Wildtiermanagement bleiben in Bezug auf zielballistische Wirkung weiterhin offen. Ein modifizierter Testaufbau wird beschrieben. Der Autor hinterfragt die Zulänglichkeit der geltenden österreichischen Jagdgesetze in Bezug auf die zielballistische Wirkung von Unter- und Überschallmunition. Basierend auf Gremses (2015) Streben nach einem Prüfverfahren für Jagdgeschosse, empfiehlt der Autor für Jagdgeschosse ein Zulassungsverfahren, das die zielballistische Wirkung sowie Materialanalysen umfasst. Der Autor fordert dementsprechend eine Überarbeitung aller österreichischen Jagdgesetze, um einen klaren und effektiven Rechtsrahmen zu schaffen, der beim Tötungsschuss eine schnelltötende Wirkung ohne Qualen erwarten lassen kann.Anthropogenic noise may lead to a reduction of fitness of wildlife (Schroeder et al. 2012). Due to the supersonic crack emitted from an object, flying faster than the speed of sound, the noise emitted from a hunting rifle tends not to be limited to the noise a suppressor is able to reduce (Caudell et al. 2013). While it is possible to lower these emissions substantially, by limiting the projectile speed to the speed of sound (Murphy et al. 2018), the sole reduction of a hunting rifle’s projectile velocity results in poor terminal performance (Caudell et al. 2013). In this thesis, the author compares ballistics of subsonic ammunition and supersonic hunting ammunition of similar kinetic energy on impact. The author successfully tests the capabilities of modern riflescopes to compensate for the highly curved flight trajectory of subsonic ammunition. The ballistic tests, with calibrated clay blocks as the main simulant, showed a substantial difference in terminal performance within different subsonic ammunition, due to projectile design. The tests also revealed substantial differences between the tested subsonic ammunition and supersonic ammunition. The limitations of subsonic ammunition for wildlife management applications, in terms of terminal capabilities, remain unclear. A modified test-setup for further studies is outlined. The author questions the sufficiency of the current Austrian hunting laws in regards to the terminal ballistics of subsonic and supersonic ammunition. Based on Gremse’s (2015) call for an examination and authorization process of hunting projectiles, the author suggests an authorization process that includes terminal ballistics experiments and material analysis of projectiles used for hunting. The author calls for the refactoring of all Austrian hunting laws, to ensure a simple yet effective legal framework, which facilitates quick incapacitation and death of game animals, without needless torment.verfasst von Alexander PetschnigMasterarbeit Universität für Bodenkultur Wien 2022Zusammenfassung in deutscher Sprach
Deadly silence? : suitability and limitations of subsonic ammunition for wildlife management applications
No full textVon Menschen verursachter Lärm kann bei Wildtieren zu einer Reduktion der Fitness führen (Schroeder et al. 2012). Als solcher kann ein Überschallknall, der im Flug von typischen Jagdgeschossen abgegeben wird, auch durch die Verwendung eines Schalldämpfers nicht minimiert werden (Caudell et al. 2013). Wird dies jedoch durch eine reine Reduktion der Geschossgeschwindigkeit unter die Schallgeschwindigkeit erreicht (Murphy et al. 2018), führt dies zu einer schlechten zielballistischen Wirkung (Caudell et al. 2013). Im Zuge der Arbeit wird das zielballistische Verhalten verschiedener Geschosse, mit unterschiedlicher Geschwindigkeit aber ähnlicher kinetischer Energie, verglichen. Der Autor zeigt erfolgreich, dass das flugballistische Problem der stark gekrümmten Flugbahn von Unterschallmunition durch ein Zielfernrohr mit elektronischer Flugbahnkompensation ausgeglichen werden kann. Versuche mit ballistischem Ton haben im Unterschallbereich erhebliche Differenzen in der zielballistischen Wirkung zwischen Geschossen unterschiedlicher Bauart gezeigt. Auch die Geschosswirkung zwischen den getesteten Projektilen mit Überschallgeschwindigkeit und Unterschallgeschwindigkeit zeigte deutliche Unterschiede. Die Grenzen der Anwendbarkeit von Unterschallmunition im Wildtiermanagement bleiben in Bezug auf zielballistische Wirkung weiterhin offen. Ein modifizierter Testaufbau wird beschrieben. Der Autor hinterfragt die Zulänglichkeit der geltenden österreichischen Jagdgesetze in Bezug auf die zielballistische Wirkung von Unter- und Überschallmunition. Basierend auf Gremses (2015) Streben nach einem Prüfverfahren für Jagdgeschosse, empfiehlt der Autor für Jagdgeschosse ein Zulassungsverfahren, das die zielballistische Wirkung sowie Materialanalysen umfasst. Der Autor fordert dementsprechend eine Überarbeitung aller österreichischen Jagdgesetze, um einen klaren und effektiven Rechtsrahmen zu schaffen, der beim Tötungsschuss eine schnelltötende Wirkung ohne Qualen erwarten lassen kann.Anthropogenic noise may lead to a reduction of fitness of wildlife (Schroeder et al. 2012). Due to the supersonic crack emitted from an object, flying faster than the speed of sound, the noise emitted from a hunting rifle tends not to be limited to the noise a suppressor is able to reduce (Caudell et al. 2013). While it is possible to lower these emissions substantially, by limiting the projectile speed to the speed of sound (Murphy et al. 2018), the sole reduction of a hunting rifle’s projectile velocity results in poor terminal performance (Caudell et al. 2013). In this thesis, the author compares ballistics of subsonic ammunition and supersonic hunting ammunition of similar kinetic energy on impact. The author successfully tests the capabilities of modern riflescopes to compensate for the highly curved flight trajectory of subsonic ammunition. The ballistic tests, with calibrated clay blocks as the main simulant, showed a substantial difference in terminal performance within different subsonic ammunition, due to projectile design. The tests also revealed substantial differences between the tested subsonic ammunition and supersonic ammunition. The limitations of subsonic ammunition for wildlife management applications, in terms of terminal capabilities, remain unclear. A modified test-setup for further studies is outlined. The author questions the sufficiency of the current Austrian hunting laws in regards to the terminal ballistics of subsonic and supersonic ammunition. Based on Gremse’s (2015) call for an examination and authorization process of hunting projectiles, the author suggests an authorization process that includes terminal ballistics experiments and material analysis of projectiles used for hunting. The author calls for the refactoring of all Austrian hunting laws, to ensure a simple yet effective legal framework, which facilitates quick incapacitation and death of game animals, without needless torment.verfasst von Alexander PetschnigMasterarbeit Universität für Bodenkultur Wien 2022Zusammenfassung in deutscher Sprach
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
