1,720,974 research outputs found
All-optical biophotonic and microfluidic circuits for photo-thermal applications
No full textWe propose a photonic biochip that combines optical and microfluidic channels to exploit gold nanorods (GNRs) potential in developing light-assisted antimicrobial therapies. The proposed chip is obtained by coupling two separately processed PolyDiMethylSiloxane (PDMS) substrates in which microfluidic channels (MC), conveying biological fluid flow, and optical waveguides (OW), confining near infrared (NIR) light, interact. Light is used to activate plasmonic resonances in GNRs dispersed in a film deposited on the functionalized PDMS substrates. This paper uses experimental measurements and numerical simulations based on Finite Element Method (FEM) software tools to optimize the final design in terms of suitable GNR irradiation, dimensions, aspect ratio, density, and distributio
Multifunctional TiO2/FexOy/Ag based nanocrystalline heterostructures for photocatalytic degradation of a recalcitrant pollutant
No full textThe photocatalytic degradation of pollutants is a key technological application for nanomaterials. Our work aims at developing a multifunctional nanocrystalline heterostructure based on TiO2nanorods, FexOyand Ag nanoparticles (NPs), TiO2NRs/FexOy/Ag, integrating in one nanostructure a visible light photoactive moiety (TiO2NRs/Ag) and a magnetic domain (FexOy), in order to address the photoactivity under visible light and the possibility of recovery and reuse the photocatalyst. The synthesis was carried by preparing first the TiO2NRs/FexOybased heterostructure and then growing Ag NPs with control on size. The resulting multidomain structures were characterized by FTIR and absorption spectroscopy, TEM and SEM microscopy, EDS and XRD analysis. The influence of the Ag NP domain and of its size on the photoactivity of the TiO2NRs/FexOy/Ag nanostructures under visible light were investigated in the photocatalytic degradation of the Nalidixic Acid, an antibiotic used as a model compound representative of recalcitrant pollutants. In the presence of the Ag domain a significant increase of the photoactivity with respect to TiO2NRs/FexOyheterostructures and to the commercially available TiO2P25 was observed. Such an enhanced photocatalytic efficiency was found dependent on the size of the Ag domain and explained taking into account the plasmonic properties and the different possible photoactivation mechanisms
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Uniform TiO2/In2O3 surface films effective in bacterial inactivation under visible light
Full text linkThis study shows that the surface modification of TiO2 is an effective route to increase the TiO2 absorption in the visible region up to similar to 600 nm for photocatalytic applications. The In2O3 decorated TiO2 films on polyester obtained by reactive sputtering were shown to accelerate the Escherichia coli inactivation under actinic and simulated solar light. TiO2 sputtered films for 10 min inactivated bacteria within 300 min under actinic light. The inactivation time was reduced when using a TiO2 10 min-In2O3 10 s sample to 150 min when using actinic light and 90 min by simulated sunlight with 50 mW/cm(2) (one half of AM1). Thinner TiO2-In2O3 coatings led to faster bacterial inactivation compared to thicker TiO2-In2O3 layers due to the reverse diffusion of the generated charges. The increase in the optical absorption of the green coloured TiO2-In2O3 film was a function of the In2O3 loading as detected by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). Evidence of the lack of TiO2 lattice doping by the sputtered In2O3 was found by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD). The deconvolution of TiO2 bands detected by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) revealed the existence of Ti4+/Ti3+ signals suggesting redox catalysis at the surface of the TiO2-In2O3. The photo-induced interfacial charge transfer (IFCT) between TiO2 and In2O3 can be accounted for by the band position potentials of both semiconductors. The faster kinetics of TiO2-In2O3 inducing E. coli inactivation with a higher quantum efficiency compared to TiO2 takes place in spite of the low intensity of the IFCT optical absorption bands >400 nm.GPA
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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