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Criminal profiling
No full textOne of the more widely recognized and practiced subspecialities within forensic criminology is that of criminal profiling. It has a long history, as detailed in Turvey (2008a). It also boasts a small library of distinct literature, with different methods and subspecialities all its own. Criminal profiling is a practice that has seen increasing popular and media attention over the past several decades. It has been depicted in popular fiction such as films like Silence of the Lambs (1991) and television programs like Criminal Minds (2005– present). It has also been applied in a number of high profile cases, including the “Washington Snipers” (see Turvey and McGrath, 2005, for an extended discussion of profiling and the media in the D.C. Sniper case). As a result, students of criminology commonly express an interest in studying criminal profiling with a view to becoming profilers themselves
Behavioral consistency, the homology assumption, and the\ud problems of induction
No full textThe ultimate goal of profiling is to identify the major behavioral and personality characteristics\ud
to narrow the suspect pool. Inferences about offender characteristics can be accomplished\ud
deductively, based on the analysis of discrete offender behaviors established within a particular\ud
case. They can also be accomplished inductively, involving prediction based on abstract\ud
offender averages from group data (these methods and the logic on which they are based is\ud
detailed extensively in Chapters 2 and 4). As discussed, these two approaches are by no means\ud
equal
Forensic victimology
No full textVictimology, or the study of victims of crime, is a general term that describes any study of victims and their characteristics. In a general sense, victimology includes the results of research into risk factors, as well as restorative justice, that seeks to engage victims in the process of justice. Forensic victimology, on the other hand, refers to the examination of a particular crime victim in order to answer case-specific questions. It is the result of ideographic (single case) study rather than nomothetic (group) study. This chapter discusses forensic victimology after placing it within the general area of study from which it came, then moves on to victim precipitation and risk factors for victimization. A suggested approach to forensic victimology is also included.</p
Forensic victimology
No full textForensic victimology is intended to serve the justice system by educating it. This area of study is aimed at helping to provide for informed investigations, to require scientific examinations of victim evidence to be presented in court, and to result in more informed legal outcomes. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a discussion regarding the nature and scope of forensic victimology, its investigative implications, and its impact on court proceedings. We will begin with a brief section outlining the more Traditional Victimology..
False Reports
No full textVictimology, or the study of victims of crime, is a general term that describes any study of victims and their characteristics. In a general sense, victimology includes the results of research into risk factors, as well as restorative justice, that seeks to engage victims in the process of justice. Forensic victimology, on the other hand, refers to the examination of a particular crime victim in order to answer case-specific questions. It is the result of ideographic (single case) study rather than nomothetic (group) study. This chapter discusses forensic victimology after placing it within the general area of study from which it came, then moves on to victim precipitation and risk factors for victimization. A suggested approach to forensic victimology is also included.</p
Case Linkage
No full textCase linkage is the process of determining which specific crimes from a series of potentially related crimes are the work of one offender or offender group (gang). The practice is highly idiosyncratic and relies heavily on the education, training, and experience of the analyst doing the linkage. Whatever the analyst's background, there are essentially two component behaviors that are examined in order to make a determination. The first is modus operandi and refers to those things which the offender did that were necessary for the successful completion of the crime. The second is signature, which refers to those things not necessary for the successful completion of the crime. The first is strictly functional, such as wearing gloves or concealing identity, and the second is related to fantasy, and is stated to be more unique to individual offenders. This chapter will examine the research on case linkage and close with a suggested approach.</p
Foreword
No full text[Extract] I have been working in tertiary education for over 15 years now. Previously, while serving in the Australian Regular Army as a Driver/Signaller in an M113 Armoured Personnel Carrier in the Royal Australian Armoured Corp, I decided to pursue studies in law in the hope of becoming a police officer. While studying law, I encountered a subject titled Human Behaviour Perspectives for Police, and found this side of human behavior and psychology to be far more interesting than any aspect of law I had studied. I changed the direction of my studies and eventually found myself enrolled in a Bachelor of Social Science (Psychology) at the Queensland University of Technology.While studying, I had the opportunity to meet with and learn from an amazing lecturer, Dr Tricia Fox. Tricia’s teaching style and the ability to build rapport with her students was amazing, and I found myself having many talks outside of the class with her about the area, my studies, and my future prospects. I learned that she had worked in the prison system, and found this aspect of her past employment fascinating. I started to direct my studies toward the broader criminal justice system, and urged on by Tricia, wrote all the essays I would on criminal behavior. I became “that” undergraduate who was never happy with the stock essay questions provided by the lecturers, and became frustrated when Tricia would let me follow my interests but others would not. Still, I wrote what I could on criminal behavior, and with no shortage of nagging, other teaching staff eventually caved, allowing me to follow my interests
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