1,721,062 research outputs found
Die schwierige Rückkehr der EZB zur Normalität: Ein Vorschlag
Get PDFEinige Banken sind in Bezug auf die Liquiditätsversorgung völlig von der EZB abhängig, da sie sich auf dem privaten Markt keine Liquidität verschaffen können. Martin Mandler und Peter Tillmann, Universität Gießen, schlagen ein Instrument zur Wiederbelebung des Repo-Markts vor, das eine Möglichkeit für Banken aus den Krisenstaaten schafft, sichere deutsche oder französische Staatsanleihen zum Austausch gegen unsichere griechische, irische oder portugiesische Staatsanleihen – als Sicherheit – zu leihen. Auf diese Weise könnte es gelingen, die Abhängigkeit dieser Banken von der unmittelbaren Kreditvergabe durch die EZB zu verringern und der EZB die Rückkehr zu einem normalen geldpolitischen Regime zu ermöglichen.Kreditgeschäft, Bankenliquidität, Öffentliche Anleihe
Fiscal consolidation strategy: An update for the budget reform proposal of march 2013
Get PDFRecently, we evaluated a fiscal consolidation strategy for the United States that would bring the government budget into balance by gradually reducing government spending relative to GDP to the ratio that prevailed prior to the crisis (Cogan et al, JEDC 2013). Specifically, we published an analysis of the macroeconomic consequences of the 2013 Budget Resolution that was passed by the U.S. House of Representatives in March 2012. In this note, we provide an update of our research that evaluates this year’s budget reform proposal that is to be discussed and voted on in the House of Representative in March 2013. Contrary to the views voiced by critics of fiscal consolidation, we show that such a reduction in government purchases and transfer payments can increase GDP immediately and permanently relative to a policy without spending restraint. Our research makes use of a modern structural model of the economy that incorporates the long-standing essential features of economics: opportunity costs, efficiency, foresight and incentives. GDP rises because households take into account that spending restraint helps avoid future increases in tax rates. Lower taxes imply less distorted incentives for work, investment and production relative to a scenario without fiscal consolidation and lead to higher growth
Ankauf von Staatsanleihen durch die EZB: Wie ist die neue Offenmarktpolitik der Europäischen Zentralbank zu bewerten?
Get PDFSeit Mai 2010 kauft die Europäische Zentralbank direkt Anleihen privater und öffentlicher Schuldner auf dem Sekundärmarkt. Markus C. Kerber, Technische Universität Berlin, vertritt die Ansicht, dass diese »neue Offenmarktpolitik« der EZB, der Erwerb von Staatsanleihen auf dem Sekundärmarkt, eigentlich nicht erlaubt sei und der Stabilität der Eurozone eher schade. Nach Ansicht von Martin Mandler und Peter Tillmann, Universität Gießen, ist mit dem Programm der EZB ein potentieller Ressourcentransfer an die Krisenstaaten und ihre Gläubiger verbunden, der grundsätzlich nicht in den Aufgabenbereich der Geldpolitik fällt. Dieses Programm in seiner gegenwärtigen Form sei aber nicht alternativlos. Vor dem Hintergrund der »unkonventionellen« Geldpolitik der Zentralbanken rund um den Globus könnte eine andere Ausgestaltung die Risiken solcher Transfers reduzieren.Öffentliche Anleihe, Zentralbank, Öffentliche Schulden, Offenmarktpolitik, EU-Staaten
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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