455 research outputs found
Food Sovereignty and Alternative Paradigms to Confront Land Grabbing and the Food and Climate Crises
No full textIn the contemporary world we face a systemic crisis where multiple dimensions converge, including an economic crisis, a financial crisis, a climate crisis, an energy crisis, a food crisis, and runaway land grabbing. Peter Rosset argues for a paradigm shift toward food sovereignty based on genuine agrarian reform and sustainable peasant agriculture, which he sees as the only way to address the multiple crises.
Food Sovereignty and the Contemporary Food Crisis
No full textPeter Rosset examines the current global food price crisis, identifying both long- and short-term causes. He argues that to escape the crisis, countries must rebuild and protect domestic peasant and family farmer food production and public inventories. The ‘food sovereignty’ paradigm put forth by the global peasant and farmer alliance, La Via Campesina, may well offer our only way out of the current conundrum. Development (2008) 51, 460–463. doi:10.1057/dev.2008.48
The Multiple Functions and Benefits of Small Farm Agriculture in the Context of Global Trade Negotiations
No full textPeter Rosset challenges the conventional wisdom that small farms are backward and unproductive. Using evidence from southern and northern countries he demonstrates that small farms are ‘multi-functional’ – more productive, more efficient, and able to contribute more to economic development than large farms. He analyses the threats posed to small farmers by today's trade liberalization and concludes with a call to unite against an Agreement on Agriculture that might make their continued existence impossible. Development (2000) 43, 77–82. doi:10.1057/palgrave.development.1110149
Thematic Section Food Sovereignty and the Contemporary Food Crisis
No full textABSTRACT Peter Rosset examines the current global food price crisis, identifying both long-and short-term causes. He argues that to escape the crisis, countries must rebuild and protect domestic peasant and family farmer food production and public inventories. The 'food sovereignty' paradigm put forth by the global peasant and farmer alliance, La Via Campesina, may well offer our only way out of the current conundrum
Clément Rosset and the philosophy
No full textClément Rosset (1939-2018) est un philosophe français qui a développé une pensée qualifiée par lui-même de tragique : l’objectif de cette thèse est de mieux en comprendre les tenants et les aboutissants. Après une biographie de l’auteur et une présentation de sa méthode et de son style d’écriture, ce travail se déploie en trois chapitres : le tragique, le réel et la joie qui font partie des thèmes cardinaux de la pensée de Rosset. Le caractère tragique de l’existence irrigue l’ensemble de la pensée. Après avoir resitué dans l’histoire des idées la place qu’occupe la tragédie, on en précisera les enjeux philosophiques tels qu’ils sont analysés par Nietzsche dans La naissance de la tragédie, dont Rosset est fortement inspiré. Puis, on examinera le tragique tel qu’il est conçu dans sa pensée : un sentiment issu généralement d’une confrontation à un moment dramatique et que Rosset analyse dans la pureté de sa réception, c’est-à-dire avant que ce moment soit refusé et pris en charge par une pensée morale. On terminera la partie consacrée au tragique en examinant en quoi le réel est par nature cruel, indigeste pour l’esprit humain, tant sur le plan affectif qu’intellectuel. La cruauté a priori du réel ouvre une réflexion sur le réel lui-même et l’ontologie de Rosset. L’approche du réel que propose le philosophe se caractérise d’abord par l’intégration du hasard en tant qu’élément venant justifier pourquoi le réel est essentiellement imprévisible. Contrairement à ce que considère la pensée commune, le hasard s’inscrit pleinement dans la nécessité, la part de la nécessité qui dépasse la capacité de prédiction, voire de compréhension, de la conscience humaine. Ainsi le hasard tend à s’opposer à l’idée de nature comme ordre imposant ses lois à la réalité qui la rend potentiellement prévisible. Devant l’incertitude contenue dans le réel et rendant celui-ci irrémédiablement inconfortable, l’esprit a tendance à se représenter le réel tel qu’il n’est pas, en procédant à ce que Rosset appelle son dédoublement. Le dédoublement du réel, élément le plus original de l’œuvre, s’opère lorsque le réel devient trop déplaisant pour la conscience. Avec la production du double, qui peut être dictée selon plusieurs motifs dont le dénominateur commun est une inacceptation du réel en l’état, le contact avec la réalité est modifié au point de conditionner une attitude en inadéquation avec elle.Après l’analyse de l’illusion telle que la conçoit Rosset au travers de la figure du double, nous terminerons notre étude par la joie qui est un autre élément essentiel de la pensée de Rosset. Malgré la tristesse ou le désespoir que devraient a priori provoquer l’incertitude du hasard et la cruauté du tragique, Rosset observe que la joie demeure un sentiment largement partagé parmi les hommes. Selon lui, cela s’explique par le fait que c’est précisément le tragique qui, contre toute attente, suscite la joie : celle-ci est une manière d’être au monde dans laquelle ce dernier est admis sans réserve. La prise de conscience du caractère tragique de la vie la montre comme quelque chose d’éphémère et de rare, et c’est précisément ce sentiment de rareté qui lui donne sa valeur éthique. L’examen de la joie rossétienne se conclut par une analyse de l’humour, comme prolongement de la joie, et que Rosset pratique avec constance tout au long de son œuvre comme une manière particulièrement révélatrice d’observer le réel.S’appuyant sur certaines thématiques étudiées au cours des différents chapitres, la conclusion apporte des éléments de réponse à la question sous-tendue par le titre de la présente étude, Clément Rosset et la philosophie : ces éléments de réponse apportent un éclairage sur ce que peut signifier l’intégration du tragique dans une démarche philosophique qui cherche autant la vérité que la sagesse.Clément Rosset (1939-2018) is a French philosopher who developed a way of thinking that he himself describes as tragic: the aim of this thesis is to gain a better understanding of its ins and outs. After a biography of the author and a presentation of his method and writing style, this work is divided into three chapters: tragedy, reality and joy, which are among the cardinal themes of Rosset's thought. The tragic nature of existence permeates the whole of his thought. After situating the place of tragedy in the history of ideas, we will examine its philosophical implications as analysed by Nietzsche in The Birth of Tragedy, from which Rosset drew much inspiration. We will then examine the tragic as it is conceived in Rosset's thought: a feeling that generally arises from a confrontation with a dramatic moment and that Rosset analyses in the purity of its reception, i.e. before this moment is rejected and taken over by moral thought. We conclude the section on the tragic by examining how reality is by nature cruel, indigestible for the human mind, both emotionally and intellectually. The a priori cruelty of reality opens up a reflection on reality itself and Rosset's ontology. The philosopher's approach to reality is characterised first and foremost by the inclusion of chance as an element that justifies why reality is essentially unpredictable. Contrary to common thinking, chance is an integral part of necessity, the part of necessity that exceeds the capacity of human consciousness to predict or even understand. In this way, chance tends to oppose the idea of nature as an order imposing its laws on reality, making it potentially predictable. Faced with the uncertainty contained in reality, which makes it irremediably uncomfortable, the mind tends to represent reality as something it is not, by proceeding to what Rosset calls its splitting. The doubling of the real, the most original element of the work, occurs when the real becomes too unpleasant for consciousness. With the production of the double, which can be dictated by several motives whose common denominator is an unacceptance of reality as it is, contact with reality is modified to the point of conditioning an attitude that is out of step with it.After analysing illusion as Rosset sees it through the figure of the double, we will conclude our study with joy, another essential element of Rosset's thought. Despite the sadness or despair that the uncertainty of chance and the cruelty of tragedy should a priori provoke, Rosset observes that joy remains a widely shared feeling among human beings. In his view, this is because it is precisely the tragic that, against all odds, gives rise to joy: joy is a way of being in the world in which the tragic is unreservedly accepted. Awareness of the tragic nature of life shows it to be fleeting and rare, and it is precisely this sense of rarity that gives it its ethical value. Rosset's examination of joy concludes with an analysis of humour as an extension of joy, which he consistently uses throughout his work as a particularly revealing way of observing reality.Drawing on some of the themes explored in the various chapters, the conclusion provides some answers to the question underlying the title of this study, Clément Rosset and Philosophy. These answers shed light on what it means to integrate the tragic into a philosophical approach that seeks both truth and wisdom
Lloyds Bank plc v Rosset [1991] 1 AC 107, House of Lords
No full textEssential Cases: Land Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Lloyds Bank plc v Rosset [1991] 1 AC 107, House of Lords. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Aruna Nair.</p
Fair and Sparse Solutions in Network-Decentralized Flow Control
No full textWe proposed network-decentralized control strategies, in which each actuator can exclusively rely on local information, without knowing the network topology and the external input, ensuring that the flow asymptotically converges to the optimal one with respect to the p -norm. For 1 < p < ∞ , the flow converges to a unique constant optimal up∗. We show that the state converges to the optimal Lagrange multiplier of the optimization problem. Then, we consider networks where the flows are affected by unknown spontaneous dynamics and the buffers need to be driven exactly to a desired set-point. We propose a network-decentralized proportional-integral controller that achieves this goal along with asymptotic flow optimality; now it is the integral variable that converges to the optimal Lagrange multiplier. The extreme cases p=1 and p=∞ are of some interest since the former encourages sparsity of the solution while the latter promotes fairness. Unfortunately, for p=1 or p=∞ these strategies become discontinuous and lead to chattering of the flow, hence no optimality is achieved. We then show how to approximately achieve the goal as the limit for p 1 or p ∞.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Team Tamas Keviczk
Zapatismo in the Movement of Movements
No full textPeter Rosset, María Elena Martínez-Torres and Luis Hernández-Navarro argue that the Zapatista uprising in Chiapas proved to be a key turning point and re-awakening for the global Left, or perhaps more accurately, the figurative birth of the movement that replaced the ‘old Left.’ The Zapatistas gave the new movements new forms and more inclusive methods and ideologies of struggle. These were the forms, methods and ideologies with roots in the history of subaltern indigenous communities deep in the Lacandón jungle of Southeastern Mexico. Development (2005) 48, 35–41. doi:10.1057/palgrave.development.1100139
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Panel Discussion: “From the Bunker and Beyond: firsthand encounters with William S. Burroughs and Naked Lunch”
No full textModerator: Ann Douglas, Parr Professor of Comparative Literature, Columbia University
Speakers: Barry Miles, Author; Visiting Fellow, Liverpool School of Art and Design, John Moores University
Bradford Morrow, Novelist; Editor, Conjunctions; Professor of Literature, Bard College; and
Barney Rosset, Publisher, Evergreen Review and founding publisher, Grove Pres
EPISTEMES RURALES Y LA FORMACIÓN AGROECOLÓGICA EN LA VÍA CAMPESINA
No full textA Agroecologia ocupa cada vez mais um lugar central no trabalho propositivo dos movimentos sociais rurais na América Latina, como parte da disputa territorial crescente com o capital, e na (re)construção de territórios camponeses e indígenas. Na Coordenação Latino-americana de Organizações do Campo (CLOC), representação continental dentro da Via Campesina Internacional (LVC), se tem construído experiências agroecológicas locais, nacionais, regionais e continentais de educação e formação. Essas experiências estão envolvidos em, e são enriquecidos por, processos regionais, continentais e globais na LVC, de troca de experiências e diálogo de saberes sobre agroecologia (Rosset e Martinez-Torres, 2012; Batista, 2013). Em essência, representa a construção coletiva de uma visão política e camponesa/indígena da agroecologia, que abarca uma pedagogia camponês emergente e diversa, da agroecologia. Neste artigo, analiso as contribuições feitas a partir de três comuns ou típicas epistemes rurais, que por meio do diálogo entre eles, tem contribuído para essa visão e pedagogia emergente. Em particular, examino como é concebido e transmitido o conhecimento de forma diferenciada entre os movimentos rurais de identidades camponesas, indígenas e proletárias dentro da CLOC/LVC. Cada um tem contribuído elementos valiosos para a visão pedagógica e política coletiva
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