308 research outputs found
sj-pdf-1-lup-10.1177_09612033221080548 – Supplemental Material for Helminth products modulate innate immune recognition of nucleic acids in systemic lupus erythematosus
No full textSupplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-lup-10.1177_09612033221080548 for Helminth products modulate innate immune recognition of nucleic acids in systemic lupus erythematosus by Laura B Dall, Bent Deleuran, Lars J Østergaard, Maibritt Mardahl, Paul W Denton and Peter Nejsum in Lupus</p
Insights into the molecular systematics of Trichuris infecting captive primates based on mitochondrial DNA analysis
No full textNematodes belonging to the Trichuris genus are prevalent soil-transmitted helminths with a worldwide distribution in mammals, while humans are mainly affected in areas with insufficient sanitation such as in Africa, Asia and South America. Traditionally, whipworms infecting primates are referred to Trichuris trichiura, but recent molecular and morphological evidence suggests that more than one species may be able to infect humans and non-human primates. Here, we analyzed the genetic diversity and phylogeny of Trichuris infecting five different non-human primate species kept in captivity using sequencing of three mitochondrial genes (cox1, rrnL and cob).
Phylogenetic analyses of both single and concatenated datasets suggested the presence of two main evolutionary lineages and several highly supported clades likely existing as separate taxa. The first lineage included Trichuris infecting the mantled guereza (Colobus guereza kikuyensis), the chacma baboon (Papio ursinus) and the green monkeys (Chlorocebus spp.), clustering together with Trichuris suis; the second lineage included Trichuris infecting the Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata) and the hamadryas baboon (Papio hamadryas), clustering together with Trichuris spp. infecting humans. These results were supported by the genetic distance between samples, which suggested that at least two taxa are able to infect macaques, baboons and humans.
The present study improves our understanding of the taxonomy and evolutionary relationships among Trichuris spp. infecting primates. It moreover suggests that multiple Trichuris spp. may circulate among host species and that Trichuris in non human primates (NHPs) may be zoonotic. Further studies are important to better understand the epidemiology of Trichuris in primates and for implementing appropriate control and/or conservation measures
Comparison of separation methods for immunomodulatory extracellular vesicles from helminths
No full textHelminths survive within their host by secreting immunomodulatory compounds, which hold therapeutic potential for inflammatory conditions. Helminth-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are one such component proposed to possess immunomodulatory activities. Due to the recent discovery of helminth EVs, standardised protocols for EV separation are lacking. Excretory/secretory products of the porcine helminth, Ascaris suum, were used to compare three EV separation methods: Size exclusion chromatography (SEC), ultracentrifugation (UC) and a combination of the two. Their performance was evaluated by EV yield, sample purity and the ability of EVs to suppress lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in vitro. We found that all three separation methods successfully separated helminth EVs with a similar EV yield. Functional studies showed that EVs from all three methods reduced LPS-induced levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α) in a dose-dependent manner. Overall, the three separation methods showed similar performance, however, the combination of UC+SEC presented with slightly higher purity than either method
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Whipworms in humans and pigs: origins and demography
No full text© 2016 Hawash et al. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and
reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to
the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver
(http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. The attached file is the published version of the article.NHM Repositor
Masterafhandling
No full textHvordan kan mellemledere styrkes i en implementering af en Must-Win Battle strategi, så de kan være med til at fastholde det fokus, der skal til for at nå de forretningsmæssige vigtige mål, som strategien stikker ud.Hvordan kan mellemledere styrkes i en implementering af en Must-Win Battle strategi, så de kan være med til at fastholde det fokus, der skal til for at nå de forretningsmæssige vigtige mål, som strategien stikker ud
Impact of <em>Ascaris suum</em> in livestock
No full textThe roundworm Ascaris suum is a highly prevalent intestinal parasite of pigs worldwide, and the infection may have low to moderate pathogenic effects on health and productivity. Besides these direct effects, there may be indirect effects on enhanced susceptibility or pathogenicity to bacterial or viral infections, related to the migratory and immune-modulatory capacity of A. suum. Losses due to ascariasis in pigs can thus be summarized as (1) farm economic losses due to clinical effects (although limited), reduced growth and feed conversion efficiency and costs of control (e.g. use of anthelmintics), (2) abattoir operator losses due to condemnation or downgrading of livers and lower product quality, and (3) potential interference with vaccinations and higher risk of co-infections. Apart from the cost of liver condemnations that can be extrapolated from available data, it is difficult to quantify losses. © 201
Dermatobia hominis misdiagnosed as abscesses in a traveler returning from Brazil to Denmark
No full textWe present the case of a 62-year-old woman that consulted us for two boil-like lesions on her thighs after returning from a trip to São Paulo, Brazil, where she had swum in a freshwater lake. After consulting three specialist doctors and undergoing two antibiotic treatments, she was diagnosed with furuncular myiasis caused by Dermatobia hominis. The parasites were excised with no complications
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