1,721,346 research outputs found
The Research Agenda: Schumpeterian Growth Theory
No full textPeter Howitt is the Charles Pitts Robinson and John Palmer Barstow Professor and Professor of Economics, Brown University. He has published extensively on growth theory and monetary theory. Here he reports on his latest research on growth theory.Journal: EconomicDynamics Newsletter
Peter Howitt: A Keynesian still in recovery
No full textPeter Howitt is best known for his contributions to growth theory, but his work in short- run economics, which began with his Ph.D thesis and still continues, is important and deserves attention. It lies firmly in the Keynesian macro-disequilibrium tradition of Clower and Leijonhufvud, and for a long time has been overshadowed by New-classical and New-Keynesian orthodoxy. However, the development of agent based modelling and behavioural economics will perhaps give disequilibrium macroeconomics a new lease on life
Endogenous Growth, Productivity and Economic Policy: A Progress Report
No full textIn recent years, our understanding of the sources of growth has been strongly influenced by endogenous growth theory. In the first article, Peter Howitt of Brown University, one of the leading researchers in the field, provides a progress report on the current state of the endogenous growth literature. Among the many policy insights discussed by Howitt are that policies fostering technology transfer provide countries with the ability to converge to the productivity growth rate of the technological leaders; that educational attainment, the health of the population, public infrastructure and tax policy are all important drivers of productivity growth; and that competition policy can actually spur innovation and hence growth through a variety of channels, including a desire on the part of firms to escape competition by remaining at the technological frontier.Productivity, Macroeconomic Policy, Investment, Competition, Research and Development, Endogenous Growth, Growth, Endogenous, Scale Effect, Patents, General Purpose Technologies
The illocutionary and perlocutionary act in the reasonable doubt, a movie directed by peter howitt
No full textArfah Dzumillah. The Illocutionary and Perlocutionary Act in the Reasonable Doubt, A Movie Directed by Peter Howitt. Thesis. Jakarta: English Language and Literature Department, Letters and Humanities Faculty, State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2016.This research focuses on the kinds of illocutionary act based on by John. R. Searle?s theory in the Reasonable Doubt movie directed by Peter Howitt and written by Peter A Dowling released on January 17, 2014 in the USA. The movie script used to gather the data is written by www.springfieldspringfield.co.uk. This research tries to reveal whether the expected perlocutionary act will be fulfilled by the hearers involved in the conversation in this movie. The aim of this research is to find out the classification of Illocutionary acts performed by the speakers in the movie dialogues and to evaluate whether the hearers will respond to the same way the speaker is expecting, in other words, fulfilling the perlocutionary act of the speech act. The methodology used in this research is a qualitative method. The data are collected by watching the movie and reading all of the dialogues. After that, the writer classifies the speech acts found in the dialogues based on Searle?s theoretical framework. After classifying the types of illocutionary acts, the writer points out the most frequently used type of illocutionary act and the reason behind it. Then, the writer describes whether the perlocutionary act expected by the speaker really occurs in each conversation. The result of this study shows that all types of illocutionary acts are found in this movie, with representative as the most frequently used type of illocutionary act. Furthermore, most of the perlocutionary acts expected by the speakers in this movie are fulfilled by the hearers, except in some cases where specific contextual factors do not allow the speakers to do what the speakers want.vii, 80 lemba
A vueltas con el origen del crecimiento: Joel Mokyr, Philippe Aghion y Peter Howitt, premio Nobel de economía 2025
Full text linkThis article examines the reasons that led the Nobel Committee in Economics to award the prize to Joel Mokyr, Philippe Aghion, and Peter Howitt. These reasons are contrasted throughout the article with the differences in the conceptualization of the origins of economic growth in the various schools of economic thought. The conclusion is that this year's prize confirms that the two most important traditions or schools of thought, the endogenists and the neo-Schumpeterians, have found common ground in economic history through the work of Joel Mokyr.El presente artículo examina las razones que han llevado al Comité del Premio Nobel de economía a otorgar el galardón a Joel Mokyr, Philippe Aghion y Peter Howitt. Estas razones se contrastan a lo largo del artículo con las diferencias en la conceptualización de los orígenes del crecimiento económico en las distintas escuelas del pasamiento económico. Se llega a la conclusión de que el actual Premio viene a ser la constatación de que las dos tradiciones o escuelas de pensamiento más importantes, la de los endogenistas y la de los neoschumpeterianos, han encontrado su nexo de conexión en la historia económica a través de la obra de Joel Mokyr
On Growth and Income Distribution in a Globalizing World
Full text linkThe basic idea explaining the relationship between economic growth and income distribution is the “U- shaped hypothesis” postulated by Simon Kuznets. This can be shown in a dual-economy model with technical progress. Initially, inequality is low, but as labour participation in the modern sector increases, higher wages in this sector tend to increase inequality. However, if enough labour is incorporated in the modern sector, wage inequality begins to diminish. Income inequality continues to worsen between the two sectors, if a new modern economy (e.g. IT-based technical change) is introduced and potential GDP shifts to a new trajectory before the turning point is reached. In a globalised word, the substantial unskilled-labour-saving technical progress puts pressure on wages of unskilled workers (in industrialized countries). Also, globalization may be blamed for leaving many nations and millions of people out from reaping the benefits of globalization. This problem can only be overcome by appropriate reforms of the international economic system.Economic Growth, Income Distribution, Globalization
North-South Diffusion of a General Purpose Technology
Full text linkThis paper studies the effects of the diffusion of a General Purpose Technology (GPT), that spreads first within the developed country of its origin (North), and then to a developing country (South). We use a general equilibrium model of growth, where each final good is produced by one of two available technologies. Each technology is characterized by a specific set of intermediate goods complemented by specific labor. The quality of intermediate goods is enhanced periodically by Schumpeterian R&D. When quality reaches a threshold level, a GPT arises in one of the technologies and spreads first to the other one, within the North. Then, it propagates to the South, following a similar sequence. Since diffusion is not even, neither intra nor inter-country, the GPT produces successive changes in the direction of technological knowledge and in inter and intra-country wage inequality.North-South, General Purpose Technology, Direction of technological knowledge, Wage inequality
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Does Product Market Competition Decrease Employers’ Training Investments? – Evidence from German Establishment Panel Data
Full text linkUsing a large panel data set of German manufacturing establishments, this paper investigates the impact of competition on training incidence as well as on the number of trained workers. According to theory, one would expect a negative relationship between product market competition and firms’ incentives to invest in employees’ general skills (Gersbach and Schmutzler 2006). In our empirical analysis, product market competition is approximated by various measures of competition such as the Herfindahl Index, the number of firms at the 3-digit industry level and the price cost margin. After controlling for unobserved heterogeneity across industries and establishments, there is no significant effect of competition on training. This result is robust towards different samples, model specifications and estimation techniques.Training, human capital, product market competition
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