1,720,985 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
Quantification of solute transport parameters in porous media by electrical resistivity tomography : methodological and experimental progress
No full textLa tomographie de résistivité électrique (ERT) est une méthode courante géophysique de terrain, souvent utilisée pour détecter et l’évolution suivre les panaches de polluants en zone saturée. L’ERT est cependant une méthode intégratrice dont la fiabilité des modèles est confronte aux problèmes de non unicité des solutions du problème inverse. Ces contraintes limitent l’interprétation des modèles a un aspect qualitatif de la distribution des contrastes de résistivité modélises en 2D ou 3D, résultant du choix des paramètres d’inversion et de l’association de paramètres du milieu non identifiables a l’échelle du volume poreux.Cette thèse propose de tester la faisabilité de la méthode pour quantifier les paramètres de transport de polluants et de solutés miscibles au contact des eaux souterraines, ainsi que la sensibilité des paramètres d’inversion les plus influents sur la modélisation.Les tests expérimentaux sont réalisés en laboratoire sur des empilements 2D de billes de verre sphériques (de l’ordre de la 100èn de μm) dans un réservoir en plexiglas transparent. Deux réseaux verticaux de 21 électrodes sont disposes sur les bords latéraux du réservoir pour effectuer le suivi ERT du traceur sale (NaCl dissout) a partir de 210 points de mesures en dipôle-dipôle transverse acquis toutes les 5 minutes afin d’optimiser la résolution temporelle. Le dispositif est également dispose face a un panneau lumineux permettant de réalise un suivi vidéo simultané du colorant.L’analyse vidéo révèle une propagation plus rapide du colorant sur les bords latéraux qui reste somme toute négligeable pour les débits a la pompe les plus faibles. En revanche les mesures ERT sont fortement perturbées par les effets résistant de la cellule plexiglas qui se répercutent sur les modèles. La normalisation des mesures de résistivité apparente à partir d’une série acquise à l’état initial permet de les atténuer fortement.La modélisation est particulièrement sensible au choix du maillage, aux normes appliques (L1 ou L2) sur les données et les paramètres, et au facteur d’amortissement _. Des valeurs trop élevées de _ et du facteur d’acceptance tendent à lisser les contrastes au niveau du front de dispersion et augmentent l’impact des effets des bords horizontaux sur D et _. A l’inverse, une modélisation contrainte par de faibles valeurs de α et du facteur d’acceptante donne des résultats plus proches l’analyse vidéo, mais produit des effets de bosses à l’avant et à l’arrière du front.La vitesse interstitiel u est indépendante du choix des paramètres d’inversion pour l’ERT. Pour les deux méthodes u est toujours inférieure au débit impose par la pompe, dont le décalage est exprimé par le facteur retard Rf . Les effets de retard résultent de l’adsorption du Na+ sur les surfaces des billes de verre chargées négativement qui retarde le front de dispersion du suivi ERT. Pour le suivi vidéo, la taille importante de la molécule du colorant favorise son piégeage dans les zones ou la perméabilité est plus faible, en plus d’une éventuelle affinité avec la surface solide. Les contrastes de conductivité et la stabilité de l’interface créent par la différence de densité entre les fluides testes ici n’ont pas d’influences significatives sur la dispersion qui est dominée par le débit impose a la pompe. Les estimations du coefficient de dispersion D en fonction du nombre de Péclet sont cohérentes avec la courbe théorique de Bachmat (1968). Cependant la dispersivité α augmente pour les vitesses d’écoulement les plus élevées. Les premières expérimentations de terrain réalises en 2D sur des sables de Fontainebleau présentent l’avantage de s’affranchir des effets de bords inhérents au laboratoire. En revanche la recalibration des données normalisées par la loi de Archie est plus complexe puisqu’il est nécessaire de tenir compte de l’état de saturation de la résistivité des fluides initialement présents. De plus l’erreur importante sur les modèles ne permet pas de déduire une estimation fiable des paramètres de transport u, α (ou D), et Rf .Electrical resistivity tomography is a common geophysical method often used to detect and follow plumepollutants in aquifers. However ERT is an integrative method whose reliability of the models is faced tothe non-unicity of the inverse problem solutions. These constraints limit the interpretation to a qualitativeview of the resistivity contrasts modelled in 2D or 3D, resulting of the chosen inverse parameters and thecombination of several hydrodynamic paramaters related to the poral network.The purpose of this thesis was to test the abilities of the ERT imaging to quantify solute transport parametersin miscible displacement occurred in groundwater and the sensitivity of inverse parameters most affectingthe modelled dispersion front.Laboratory experiments are conducted on glass beads poured into a transparent plexiglas container. Twovertical lines of 21 stainless steel electrodes are fixed on the lateral sides of the container to perform the ERTmonitoring, of the NaCl dissolved in the tracer, from a sequence of 210 quadripole measurements acquiredin transverse dipole-dipole each 5 minutes. A light panel is placed behind the experimental device and avideo follow up of the dyed part of the tracer is acquired from the other side.Video analysis reveal a faster propagation of the dye in contact of the vertical edge, which is negligible forthe lowest flow rates imposed by the pump. In contrast, ERT mesurements are strongly disturbed by theresistant edges of the plexiglas container which affect the resulting models. Normalisation of the apparentresisitivity measurements acquired at the experimental stage and by the Archie’s law strongly tones downthese resistive artefacts.ERT modelling is here particularly sensitive to the grid mesh, the norm (L1 or L2 ) applied on data andparameters, and the damping factor λ. High values of λ and the cutoff factor tend to smooth the resistivityconstrasts in the area of the mixing front and increase the weight of the horizontal edge effects on D andα. While results from inverse modelling constraint by low λ and cutoff factors are much closer to the videoanalysis but with enhanced side slope effects at the rear and the front of the mixing area.The interstitial velocity u is independant of the chosen inverse parameters. For both methods u is alwaysinferior to the flow rate provided by the pump, whose the gap is expressed as a retardation factor Rf . Thisretardation is due to adsorption of Na+ on the beads surfaces, which contributes to delay the dispersionfront followed by ERT. The retardation expressed by the video analysis can be due to the important sizeof the molecule of the dye which is easily slowed down in lower permeability areas, added to an eventualaffinity to the solid surface.The ranges of fluid conductivity contrasts and stability of the interfaces tested here have no influences onthe dispersion which is dominated by the flow velocity u. Estimations of the dispersion coefficient D asfunction of the Péclet is consistent with the theoretical curve of Bachmat (1968) and Bijeljic & al (2004).Field experiments are first conducted in 2D on homogeneous unsaturated sand which is considered as aninfinite half-space. However, data normalisation is much more complicated since the saturation state andthe initial fluid conductivities need to be estimated to calibrate the Archie’s law. Because of the 3D tracerinflitration, the RMS error of 2D-ERT models highlights that the inversion process is not enough constraintby data which does not allow to quantify the transport parameters. 3D experiments were then adaptedto detect and follow plumes of saline tracers injected in the centre of the electrode device. From 3D ERTmeasurements we are able to produce reliable models in order to estimate such transport parameters as themean flow velocity, and transverse and longitudinal dispersivities
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