226 research outputs found
La nefrite secondaria alla porpora di Schoenlein-Henoch e la nefropatia a depositi IgA: una o due malattie?
No full textLa nefropatia a depositi IgA (IgAN) è la glomerulonefrite più comune nei giovani. La nefrite
secondaria a porpora di Schoenlein-Henoch, attualmente definita vasculite da IgA (IgAVN)
è una malattia rara molto conosciuta fin dal secolo scorso fra i pediatri. I depositi glomeru-
lari di IgA prevalenti sulle altre immunoglobuline sono caratteristica comune a entrambe.
Negli anni sono stati chiariti molti elementi patogenetici comuni.
Le due malattie presentano una grande variabilità clinica di esordio, risposta terapeutica
ed evoluzione ed è ipotizzabile che il ruolo del background genetico sia fondamentale
nell’influenzare la risposta infiammatoria a stimoli comuni.
Sia nella IgAN primitiva che nella IgAVN è caratteristico il riscontro di IgA con difetto di
galattosilazione, che le rende auto-antigeniche, inducendo la formazione di autoanticorpi
e immunocomplessi, che si depositano nel mesangio glomerulare oppure nei capillari si-
stemici.
Alla biopsia renale le lesioni istologiche sono indistinguibili fra IgAN e IgAVN e attualmente
classificate secondo un modo standardizzato e validato.
La IgAVN del bambino è frequentemente lieve e autolimitantesi rispetto alla IgAN, con
meccanismi immunologici ancora in gran parte ignoti. Entrambe possono avere decorso
molto severo, richiedendo follow-up fino all’età adulta per il rischio di perdita della funzione
renale a lungo termine in una percentuale non trascurabile di casi
Il trattamento dei dati genetici: finalità di ricerca, esigenze di sicurezza e diritto alla protezione dei dati personali
No full text[Genetic data: scientific research purposes, security demands and the right to Data Protection] Given that genetic data belong to category of the “sensitive data”, this essay is focused on two constitutional issues, looking at the main national and European sources of law and the decisions of Italian Data Protection Authority. The Author, first, explores limits that the Data Protection Law imposes on the scientific research and healthcare purposes, especially referring to the Italian DPA General Authorizations. Secondly, she examines the difficult relation between Data Protection Law and public security purposes, focusing on the new National Genetic Database. The Author’s aim is to give some suggestions to single out guidelines for balancing individual liberties and public policy demands. Finally, she analyses the last initiatives to be adopted to complete the normative frame of the National Genetic Database
Fenomeno religioso, dati personali e tutela della dignità della persona
No full text[Religious phenomenon, personal data and individual dignity] The essay
explores the relation between religion, worship and freedom of conscience, on
one hand, and data protection, on the other. The Author focuses on two main
profiles. Firstly, the protection of information and data related to everyone’s
religious convictions and ideas, which GDPR defines as “special categories of
data”. Secondly, the Author deals with special categories of processors, such as
churches, religious organizations and religious associations (art. 91 GDPR). The
common aim is to guarantee human dignity and freedom, finding the balance
between religious freedom, privacy and a correct Church-State relationship
Case Report: Role of Ketone Monitoring in Diabetic Ketoacidosis With Acute Kidney Injury: Better Safe Than Sorry
No full textBACKGROUND: Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is a well-known endocrinological disease in children and adolescents that is characterized by immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, leading to partial or total insulin deficiency, with an onset that can be subtle (polydipsia, polyuria, weight loss) or abrupt (Diabetic Keto-Acidosis, hereafter DKA, or, although rarely, Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State, hereafter HHS). Severe DKA risk at the onset of T1D has recently significantly increased during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic with life-threatening complications often due to its management. DKA is marked by low pH (7.3) and bicarbonates (>15 mmol/L) with no or very low ketone bodies. Despite this, ketone monitoring is not universally available, and DKA diagnosis is mainly based on pH and bicarbonates. A proper diagnosis of the right form with main elements (pH, bicarbonates, ketones) is essential to begin the right treatment and to identify organ damage (such as acute kidney injury). CASE PRESENTATIONS: In this series, we describe 3 case reports in which the onset of T1D was abrupt with severe acidosis (pH < 7.1) in the absence of both DKA and HHS. In a further evaluation, all 3 patients showed acute kidney injury, which caused low bicarbonates and severe acidosis without increasing ketone bodies. CONCLUSION: Even if it is not routinely recommended, a proper treatment that included bicarbonates was then started, with a good response in terms of clinical and laboratory values. With this case series, we would like to encourage emergency physicians to monitor ketones, which are diriment for a proper diagnosis and treatment of DKA
Interstices : l’imaginaire plurilingue de l’écrivain congolais In Koli Jean Bofa
No full textThe writer In Koli Jean Bofane, born in Congo in 1954, is the author of
three novels published by Actes Sud: Mathématiques congolaises (2008), Congo Inc.
Le Testament de Bismarck (2014), and La Belle de Casa (2018). In our essay we
have analysed this work from the angle of plurilingualism and linguistic
imagination and we have studied the strategies used to stage linguistic
heterogeneity. Within the framework of the multiform plurilingualism that has
always characterised Belgian culture in general, and its literary polysystem in
particular, we wanted to highlight the possible cross-fertilisation between the
« irréguliers de la belgité » with one of the most interesting voices of Belgian postcolonisation
Teaching soft skills through experiential courses during the covid-19 sanitary emergency
No full textSince 2018, at Politecnico di Milano, two innovative and experiential courses have been offered by the author, in Italian and English, to students and PhD to improve their soft skills and to promote psychological wellbeing during their studies on Engineering, Architecture and Design.
During the last two years, the experiential course "Knowledge and Communication of Self" involved more than 750 students and PhD, while the experiential course "Personality, Team-Building and Leadership" involved more than 150.
The COVID-19 sanitary emergency obliges now the author to offer both of them as distant courses.
The paper will present the two experiential courses underlining original contents and modalities and will discuss problems and opportunities imposed by the sanitary emergency. Distant teaching and fruition will be discussed respect to: real-presence/virtual presence, body and emotional perception, empathetic interaction, personal and group performance, time handling and vocal behavior. Teacher’s and students’ feeling, behaviors, results, and interpretation in terms of personal meaning of interactions will be taken into account and discussed.
All the aspects will be presented from a psychological point of view, and with respect to the influence of the innovative technologies used in the courses.
In both courses a Constructivist Models of "Personality and development of Self" is adopted to guide individual and group experiences: the consciousness of body- and emotion-based interactions, the knowledge of personal relational styles, the analysis of experiences in personal and group dimensions guide students to gain personalized soft skills.
The Course "Knowledge and Communication of Self" involves students facing psychological difficulties. Thanks to the proposed experiences, students learn how to give value to their main resources while facing unattended discontinuity (like the sanitary emergency) or difficult moments like depression, addiction, eating disorders, panic or anxiety. The proposed personal and group experiences help them to focus on perceptions, emotions, affects and relational skills and meaning, even when they are virtually shared.
The Course "Personality, Team Building and Leaderships" adds to the previous proposals specific experiences based on group dynamics, communication, role playing, psychodrama, and leadership simulation. We ask students to play distant group games, to simulate significant, creative, warm, efficient, and difficult situation related to professional and personal interactive contexts.
Each experience asks students to be virtually present, to ‘play’ the situation, to re-construct memories, transforming them in shared vocal stories, to observe and to describe the different interaction styles of participants.
Different multimedia communication and cooperative tools and strategies are used to support distant teaching and fruition, for virtual classes, media supported group laboratory experiences, performant activities (like ‘rehearsals and executions’), chat, cooperation and leadership group experiences. They will be discussed in terms of generated opportunities and problems: to compensate what is lost, if neglected, and to emphasize what is original and gained, when underlined. Finally, a pedagogical- and psychological-based decalogue will be suggested
Continuous kidney replacement therapy in critically ill neonates and infants: a retrospective analysis of clinical results with a dedicated device.
No full text"La più bella [...] in tutta Italia": Santa Barbara, chiesa palatina della Controriforma
No full textLa Basilica di Santa Barbara (1562-70), progettata da Giovan Battista Bertani nell'ambito del Palazzo Ducale di Mantova, costituisce un raro e originalissimo esempio di chiesa della Controriforma eretta in anni in cui le disposizioni sull'architettura dei nuovi templi dovevano ancora essere codificate e divulgate mediante le borromaiche "Instructiones fabricae et supellectilis ecclesiasticae" del 1573. Il saggio, ricollegandosi a quanto già pubblicato dall'autore sull'articolata vicenda costruttiva dell'edificio, esplora i possibili riferimenti architettonici romani e il milieu culturale nel quale il progetto è stato concepito e maturato. I viaggi a Roma di Bertani (negli anni dominati dalle personalità di Baldassarre Peruzzi prima e di Antonio da Sangallo il Giovane poi, oltre che dal cenacolo di intellettuali frequentanti l'Accademia vitruviana delle Virtù) sono ritenuti centrali e determinanti per cogliere i riferimenti alla base dell'impianto della Basilica mantovana, tanto innovativa nella sua spazialità da costituire un unicum maturato in parallelo al più fortunato modello vignolesco del Gesù. Il saggio suggerisce possibili legami non solo con la basilica di Massenzio, ma anche con le riflessioni peruzzesche per il completamento del San Pietro Vaticano e con i modelli delle grandi sale termali all'epoca esplorate e studiate grazie agli scavi farnesiani sul complesso di Caracalla o ai progetti di riuso di quelle di Diocleziano. La basilica voluta dal Duca Guglielmo e dal Cardinale Ercole Gonzaga pare infatti ispirata alla spazialità solenne ed inedita dei grandi frigidaria imperiali, poi adottata nella solenne basilica tardo antica iniziata da Massenzio e conclusa da Costantino. Oltre ad una sintesi delle vicende costruttive e delle possibili altre influenze romane, specialmente bramantesche, lo studio restituisce i lavori di modifica e manutenzione condotti sull'edificio dopo la sua costruzione, sino al secolo scorso
Spectrum of Kidney Injury Following COVID-19 Disease: Renal Biopsy Findings in a Single Italian Pathology Service
No full textThe onset of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as a pandemic infection, has led to increasing insights on its pathophysiology and clinical features being revealed, such as a noticeable kidney involvement. In this study, we describe the histopathological, immunofluorescence, and ultrastructural features of biopsy-proven kidney injury observed in a series of SARS-CoV-2 positive cases in our institution from April 2020 to November 2021. We retrieved and retrospectively reviewed nine cases (two pediatric and seven adults) that experienced nephrotic syndrome (six cases), acute kidney injury (two cases), and a clinically silent microhematuria and leukocyturia. Kidney biopsies were investigated by means of light microscopy, direct immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy. The primary diagnoses were minimal change disease (four cases), acute tubular necrosis (two cases), collapsing glomerulopathy (two cases), and C3 glomerulopathy (one case). None of the cases showed viral or viral-like particles on ultrastructural analysis. Novel and specific histologic features on kidney biopsy related to SARS-CoV-2 infection have been gradually disclosed and reported, harboring relevant clinical and therapeutic implications. Recognizing and properly diagnosing renal involvement in patients experiencing COVID-19 could be challenging (due to the lack of direct proof of viral infection, e.g., viral particles) and requires a proper integration of clinical and pathological data
Does pre-emptive transplantation versus post start of dialysis transplantation with a kidney from a living donor improve outcomes after transplantation? A systematic literature review and position statement by the Descartes Working Group and ERBP
No full textAbstract: This position statement brings up guidance on pre-emptive kidney transplantation from living donors. The provided guid- ance is based on a systematic review of the literature
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