1,720,960 research outputs found
Imprecise probabilities in algorithmic randomness
No full textHet veld van de algoritmische toevalligheid bestudeert wat het betekent voor een oneindige uitkomstenrij om toevallig te zijn. Beschouw bijvoorbeeld oneindige binaire rijen die worden gegenereerd door het opgooien van een eerlijk muntstuk—wat overeenkomt met de kans 1/2: de oneindige binaire rij 01010101… lijkt helemaal niet toevallig te zijn, terwijl de rij 10001011… toevalliger lijkt. Noties van algoritmische toevalligheid proberen onze intuïtie achter toevallige rijen te formaliseren door te definiëren wat het betekent voor een oneindige rij om toevallig te zijn voor een onzekerheidsmodel. Klassiek gezien zijn deze onzekerheidsmodellen (precieze) waarschijnlijkheidsmaten. Echter, zoals uitvoerig beargumenteerd en aangetoond is binnen het veld van de imprecieze waarschijnlijkheden, volstaan precieze onzekerheidsmodellen niet altijd om iemands onzekerheid te beschrijven. Daarom werden alternatieve en (zelfs) algemenere onzekerheidsmodellen ontwikkeld die het mogelijk maken om op een informatieve en conservatieve manier te redeneren, zelfs in situaties waarin het niet haalbaar of zelfs ongepast is om een enkele waarschijnlijkheid(smaat) op te geven. In dit proefschrift komen beide velden samen door te definiëren wat het betekent voor een oneindige uitkomstenrij om toevallig te zijn voor meer algemene onzekerheidsmodellen, en onderzoeken we de implicaties die deze veralgemening heeft op de klassieke, precieze manier van kijken
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Imprecision in martingale-theoretic prequential randomness
No full textIn a prequential approach to algorithmic randomness,
probabilities for the next outcome can be forecast ‘on
the fly’ without the need for fully specifying a probab-
ility measure on all possible sequences of outcomes, as
is the case in the more standard approach. We take the
first steps in allowing for probability intervals instead of
precise probabilities in this prequential approach, based
on ideas from our earlier imprecise-probabilistic and
martingale-theoretic account of algorithmic random-
ness. We define what it means for an infinite sequence
(1, 1, 2, 2, ...) of successive interval forecasts
and subsequent binary outcomes to be random. We
compare the resulting prequential randomness notion
with the more standard one, and investigate where both
randomness notions coincide, as well as where their
properties correspond
- …
