1,720,957 research outputs found
It\u27s Better in the Bahamas the Stigma of Being Haitian, Citizenship and Identity Choices Among Second-Generation Haitians in the Bahamas
No full textHaitian nationals represent the largest immigrant population in the Bahamas. Due to the Nationality Act of 1973, which changed citizenship to jus sanguinis, children born to non-Bahamian nationals in the Bahamas are not citizens of the state. This means that children born to Haitian nationals in the Bahamas are not citizens but are eligible to apply for citizenship upon their eighteenth birthday. Although much attention is given to undocumented migration, little work has been produced that speaks to the plight of the children of these immigrants. These people are a part of a growing underclass who are stateless and marginalized but who simultaneously feel entitled to the Bahamas and the right to access the benefits of Bahamian citizenship. Through 28 semi-structured interviews, this dissertation examines the experiences of second-generation Haitians living in the Bahamas with a specific focus on the stigma of being Haitian, the road to citizenship, and identity which are themes that emerged from the interviews. I will argue that their experiences are characterized by the stigma associated with being Haitian in the Bahamas which follows them from childhood and into adulthood. I also argue that the road to citizenship is an arduous process that leaves many second-generation Haitians feeling defeated and that there is a social hierarchy in Bahamian citizenship creating a second class citizenship category for those not considered to be “real” Bahamians. Additionally, a majority of the participants (twenty-three) believed that there should be changes and advocated for one of three categories: birthright citizenship (thirteen), granting of citizenship prior to eighteen (four), and no changes but a quicker turnaround time (six) indicating the problems associated with the structure of applying for citizenship. Finally, my respondents shaped their identities into six categories: individual (three), African/Pan African (two), Bahamian (two), Bahamian of Haitian descent (five), Haitian (eight), and Haitian-Bahamian (seven). I argue that second-generation Haitians negotiate their identities in an environment where they are constantly told who they are and/or that they have to choose either Haitian or Bahamian because they cannot be both. I also argue that there are not any patterns of correlation between specific participant characteristics and chosen identity categories
Invasion from the South: Social Construction of the Haitian ‘Other’ in The Bahamas
No full textSince 1957, the Bahamian government has been trying to control the migration of undocumented Haitians to and their movement through The Bahamas. Due to the continued and incessant migration and the question of citizenship for Haitians, Bahamians have come to perceive Haitians as a threat to the national and cultural sovereignty of The Bahamas. The media, government policies, and everyday constructions of Bahamian identity have played a significant role in socially constructing the image and status of Haitians residing in The Bahamas. The perception and internalization of these images and ideas have resulted in the denial of human rights for Haitians and people of Haitian descent residing in The Bahamas
It\u27s Better in the Bahamas the Stigma of Being Haitian, Citizenship and Identity Choices Among Second-Generation Haitians in the Bahamas
No full text“It hurts you to be a nobody….This community is here because of discrimination. When you’ve been treated so bad, so long, you don’t feel for the Bahamas. I don’t know why the Bahamians hate us so much.”Living in a one room house made of plywood with no running water and no electricity, Marc Sedione talks about his experiences as a “nobody,” as a child of Haitian descent born in the Bahamas to undocumented Haitian immigrants. The community he is referring to are second-generation Haitians in the Bahamas who struggle to obtain citizenship and become a part of Bahamian society. Due to Bahamian citizenship laws, which are by blood and not birthright, Sedione is not a Bahamian citizen, and Sedione is not a Haitian citizen. In fact, he has never been to Haiti. Sedione has spent 2,500 for a trip that may not even be successful. How do we understand Marc Sedione’s plight? How do we understand the plight of thousands of second-generation Haitians who are marginalized in the country of their birth? In this dissertation, I will examine the experiences of second-generation Haitians living in the Bahamas with a specific focus on the stigma associated with being Haitian, the road to citizenship, and identity. This research revolved around two main research questions: What does it mean to be a person of Haitian descent born and/or raised in the Bahamas? How do persons of Haitian descent define themselves and construct their identities in the Bahamas? The answers to these research questions, as this dissertation will demonstrate, reveal that Sedione’s experiences are not isolated. His struggles with discrimination, the lack of citizenship, feelings of exclusion and not belonging, and feelings of hopelessness are recurring themes discussed by participants inmy study. My research shows that many young adults of Haitian descent go through life in the Bahamas experiencing exclusion, discrimination, and stigma because of their Haitian heritage. Many also find the road to citizenship to be long and frustrating. Additionally, many reveal that the stigma associated with their Haitian heritage still impacts them even after receiving citizenship, suggesting a social hierarchy in Bahamian citizenship. These experiences shape their lives in profound ways and impact the construction of their identities as people of Haitian heritage born in the Bahamas
“You can’t speak Creole in here. English only”: Experiences of Stigma and Acts of Resistance among Adults of Haitian Descent in the Bahamas
No full textThis article builds upon William J. Fielding, Virginia Ballance, Carol Scriven, Thaddeus McDonald, and Pandora Johnson’s (2008) argument that there is a strong and pervasive stigma of being Haitian in The Bahamas. In this article, I build upon and support their research by using examples from 28 semi-structured interviews with adults of Haitian descent in The Bahamas which reinforce their arguments concerning stigma. In particular, I explore examples of stigma in the public hospital, speaking Haitian Creole, fear of being stopped by immigration officers, and surnames. This article will conclude by discussing the ways people of Haitian descent display acts of resistance in the face of such stigma. This is important because it demonstrates the way people of Haitian descent persevere in the face of adversity and the incessant stigma of being Haitian in The Bahamas
"It's Better in the Bahamas" the Stigma of Being Haitian, Citizenship and Identity Choices Among Second-Generation Haitians in the Bahamas
No full textHaitian nationals represent the largest immigrant population in the Bahamas. Due to the Nationality Act of 1973, which changed citizenship to jus sanguinis, children born to non-Bahamian nationals in the Bahamas are not citizens of the state. This means that children born to Haitian nationals in the Bahamas are not citizens but are eligible to apply for citizenship upon their eighteenth birthday. Although much attention is given to undocumented migration, little work has been produced that speaks to the plight of the children of these immigrants. These people are a part of a growing underclass who are stateless and marginalized but who simultaneously feel entitled to the Bahamas and the right to access the benefits of Bahamian citizenship. Through 28 semi-structured interviews, this dissertation examines the experiences of second-generation Haitians living in the Bahamas with a specific focus on the stigma of being Haitian, the road to citizenship, and identity which are themes that emerged from the interviews. I will argue that their experiences are characterized by the stigma associated with being Haitian in the Bahamas which follows them from childhood and into adulthood. I also argue that the road to citizenship is an arduous process that leaves many second-generation Haitians feeling defeated and that there is a social hierarchy in Bahamian citizenship creating a second class citizenship category for those not considered to be “real” Bahamians. Additionally, a majority of the participants (twenty-three) believed that there should be changes and advocated for one of three categories: birthright citizenship (thirteen), granting of citizenship prior to eighteen (four), and no changes but a quicker turnaround time (six) indicating the problems associated with the structure of applying for citizenship. Finally, my respondents shaped their identities into six categories: individual (three), African/Pan African (two), Bahamian (two), Bahamian of Haitian descent (five), Haitian (eight), and Haitian-Bahamian (seven). I argue that second-generation Haitians negotiate their identities in an environment where they are constantly told who they are and/or that they have to choose either Haitian or Bahamian because they cannot be both. I also argue that there are not any patterns of correlation between specific participant characteristics and chosen identity categories
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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