323,861 research outputs found
Verruca gailgoedertae Perreault & Buckeridge 2019, sp. nov.
No full textVerruca gailgoedertae Perreault & Buckeridge sp. nov. (Plate 1, figs a–l) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: D313492D-00E1-4A32-B048-4E7327A3224A Diagnosis. Shell with moderately rugose, irregular external ribbing crossed by fine growth lines; all plates perforated by fine punctae; first and second articulating ribs on movable tergum similar in width; rostrum and carina articulating with up to five ribs; fixed scutal radio-alar wing extending out a distance equal to basal width of fixed scutum. Type material. Holotype. LACMIP 14759, a movable tergum (pl. 1, figs g, h). Paratypes. NMV P332716, a carina (pl. 1, figs a, b); NMV P332717, a fixed tergum (pl. 1, figs i, j); NMV P332718, a fixed scutum (pl. 1, figs e, f); NMV P332719, a rostrum (pl. 1, figs c, d). Type locality. LACMIP locality 16851. Stratigraphic range. Basal middle Eocene (Lutetian). Distribution. Crescent/McIntosh transitional zone, Doty Hills, Washington, USA. Additional material. 25 loose plates, including carinae, rostra, movable and fixed terga, fixed scuta; most plates are incomplete. Description. Wall plates with exterior having moderately rugose longitudinal ribbing crossed by irregular, fine growth lines; all plates perforated by fine punctae. Carina highly asymmetrical, with strong tilt to fixed side; fixed tergal margin with two to three articular ribs, very short, indistinct; rostral margin with four to five articular ribs, top two long, lower very short, smooth; interior with prominent dependent sheath widest at apex of plate. Rostrum rounded, fixed scutal margin with two very short, indistinct articular ribs; carinal margin with four ribs, long; ornamented by growth ridges and vague radial ridges; interior with very short sheath, dependent full length; interior otherwise featureless. Fixed scutum convex, elongated horizontally; fixed tergal margin convex, without ribs; articular wing very long, triangular, separated from plate by wide sulcus, sharply edged on plate; upper margin of wing slightly concave; up to three articular ribs below wing; ornamented by regularly spaced growth lines on wing only, and by low radial ribs, especially on basal portions of plate; interior concave, with bordering ridge on wing; adductor plate high, erect, apical part highest, flat, with two ridges extending from corners to apex of plate; myophore absent. Fixed tergum higher than wide, slightly bowed, plate flared slightly basally; fixed scutal margin flat, ala nonprotuberant, with indentation below; carinal margin with protruding ala extending from umbo, with indentation separating ala from four vague articular ribs below; apical margin slightly concave, umbo removed from apex; exterior ornamented by low, fine radial ridges, especially basally; interior very concave, apical shelf nearly horizontal, wide, dependent. Movable scutum slightly convex, moderately curved tergally; apico-basal ridge very narrow, protruding; first articular rib extending to level of basi-occludent angle, nearly as wide as fixed scutal section; second articular rib centrally placed, protruding by its own width, sharply pointed; occludent margin strongly and smoothly convex; ornamented by regularly spaced, fine growth lines; interior with two small teeth present on movable tergal margin; movable tergal margin with internal growth lines. Movable tergum slightly wider than high, flat to slightly bowed; apico-basal ridge curved slightly toward carinal margin, flat, with slightly overhanging margins, merging into plate near apex, growth lines straight, perpendicular to carinal margin; carinal portion triangular, fixed tergal margin convex, ornamented by fine regularly spaced growth lines and two to three faint radial incised lines; first articular ridge short, nearly width of second, with smooth area between ridge and second articular ridge; movable scutal margin indented at point of contact with smooth area; interior concave, with thickened occludent surfaces, bearing faint growth ridges, and shallow furrow coinciding with apico-basal ridge in lower half of plate. Discussion. Verruca gailgoedertae sp. nov. may be distinguished from most other congeners by its strong rugose ribbing. The presence of punctae presently distinguishes it from V. alabamensis sp. nov., V. sauria and V. punica Buckeridge & Jagt, 2008. It can be distinguished from V. sorrellae sp. nov. by its movable tergum, which has equal width first and second ribs: the shell would have been more depressed than V. rocana and V. digitali, and is more circular in outline than V. punica. Although similar in size to V. tasmanica and V. nuciformis Buckeridge, 1983, it has more than twice the number of interlocking ribs between the carina and rostrum. On the basis of its lack of abrasion, this species is interpreted as having lived in quieter sublittoral environments. The type locality is interpreted as bathyal with introductions from shallower waters (Squires & Goedert, 1995) up to intertidal, and is thus a thanatocoenosis. The other two localities are interpreted as shallow shelf environments less disturbed than the type locality. Etymology. Named in honor of the late Gail Goedert, wife of James Goedert, who together discovered this and many other fossil localities, and aided Washington paleontology immensely. Type Repositories. Holotype LACMIP 14759 held by the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, CA; paratypes NMV P332716-9 held by Museum Victoria, Melbourne, Australia.Published as part of Perreault, Ray T. & Buckeridge, John S., 2019, Paleogene Verrucidae (Cirripedia: Verrucomorpha) of North America, with descriptions of three new species, pp. 34-50 in Zootaxa 4712 (1) on pages 34-50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4712.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/358681
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
A new species of the archaic “turtle barnacle” genus Protochelonibia (Coronuloidea, Chelonibiidae) from the upper Rupelian Chickasawhay Formation of Mississippi (U.S.A.)
No full textProtochelonibia starnesi sp. nov. (Coronuloidea, Chelonibiidae) is described herein from the upper Rupelian Chickasawhay Formation of Mississippi (U.S.A.). This new “turtle barnacle” species shares similarities with both the extinct Protochelonibia melleni (Zullo, 1982) and the extant Chelonibia “manati” Gruvel, 1903. Similar to the latter, P. starnesi possibly dwelt on sirenians, or the soft skin of other vertebrates. Both P. melleni (whose first representative from the Marianna Formation of Mississippi is also described herein) and P. starnesi attained large shell sizes. Together, they represent the oldest unambiguous members of Coronuloidea, as well as the oldest chelonibiid taxa. As the oldest putative coronuloid is also known from the U.S. Gulf Coast, the Eocene marine deposits exposed over this broad region are a strong candidate to preserve remains of transitional forms
PLATE 3 in Paleogene Verrucidae (Cirripedia: Verrucomorpha) of North America, with descriptions of three new species
No full textPLATE 3. Verruca sorrellae, sp. nov. a. Paratype NMV P332711, movable scutum (interior); b. paratype NMV P332711, movable scutum (exterior); c. paratype NMV P332712, movable scutum (exterior); d. paratype NMV P332712, movable scutum (interior); e. holotype LACMIP 14760, movable tergum (exterior); f. holotype LACMIP 14760, movable tergum (interior); g. paratype NMV P332712, movable tergum (exterior); h. paratype NMV P332715, rostrum (exterior); i. Paratype NMV P332715, rostrum (interior); j. paratype, carina (interior); k. paratype, carina (exterior); l. paratype NMV P332713, fixed tergum (interior); m. paratype NMV P332713, fixed tergum (exterior); n. paratype NMV P332713, fixed scutum (exterior); o. paratype P332713, fixed scutum (interior); p. paratype, fixed scutum (interior); q. paratype, fixed scutum (exterior). All type specimens are from the Lincoln Creek Formation, Porter Creek location (JLG 609, LACMIP locality 16935), Gray's Harbor County, Washington, USA.Published as part of Perreault, Ray T. & Buckeridge, John S., 2019, Zootaxa 4712 (1) on pages 34-50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4712.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/358681
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Author's address:
No full textCan archives of audiovisual TV interviews be used to make authors more visible to students, and thereby reduce the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers in college classes? We examined students in a college course who learned about one scholar's ideas through watching an audiovisual TV interview (i.e., visible author format) and about another scholar's ideas through reading a formal text description (i.e., invisible author format). For the invisible author, native language speakers scored significantly higher than the non-native language speakers on a corresponding exam question (i.e., a cognitive measure), generated more words on the exam question (i.e., a motivational measure), and mentioned the author's name more often in answering the exam question (i.e., an affective measure). For the visible author, the groups did not differ on any of these measures. These findings provide evidence for the idea that making the author visible through audiovisual TV interviews can eliminate the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers. 3 Universities around the world serve students who are non-native speakers of th
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
No full textAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
The construction of Karen Karnak: The multi-author-function
No full textThis thesis is situated within the comparatively recent developments of Web 2.0 and the emergence of interactive WikiMedia, and explores the mode of authorship within a Read/Write culture compared to that of a Read/Only tradition. The hypothesis of this study is that the role of the audience has become merged with the author, and as such, represents new functions and attributes, distinct from a more conventional concept of authorship, in which the roles of audience and author are more separate. Read/Write and participatory culture, as defined by this study, is focused on collaboration, and includes the influences of D.I.Y. culture, Open-Source practices and the production of text by multiple authors. Multi-authorship presents a re-thinking of several concepts which support the notion of the individual author, since the focus of multi-authorship is not on attribution and ownership of a finished text, but on the continued malleability of a text. Modes of multi-authorship, demonstrated in the use of the pseudonyms Alan Smithee and Karen Eliot, represent declarative authors whose names signify multiple origins, whilst concurrently indicating a distinct body of work. The function of these names form an important context to this study, since primary research involves the construction of an experimental mode of multi-authorship utilising WikiMedia technology and the interaction of thirty nine participants, who are invited to create a body of work under the collective pseudonym Karen Karnak. The data generated by this experiment is analysed using aspects of Michel Foucault's author-function to identify and determine power structures inherent in the WikiMedia context. The interplay of power structures, including concepts such as identity, ownership and the body of work, affect the resulting mode of authorship and contribute to the construction of Karen Karnak, suggesting further areas of research into the emerging multi-author
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