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DIVERSAMENTE MEDICI... La comunicazione tra medico e paziente nelle Medicine Non Convenzionali: un'interazione diversa
No full textOrganizzazione del lavoro di tesi, svolgimento e livello della trattazione
La tesi di dottorato ha avuto come tema la comunicazione medico-paziente nelle medicine non convenzionali. Il lavoro di ricerca è partito dalla letteratura sulla relazione medico-paziente da un lato e sulla medicina alternativa (o complementare) dall'altro. L'idea alla base del lavoro era di comprendere il percorso formativo degli attuali medici di medicine complementari per valutare quanto fosse attivo il processo di normalizzazione di queste cure, che partendo da posizioni di marginalità e conflitto con la medicina scientifica si sono via via integrate con questa. Un percorso che la tesi intendeva saggiare anche nel percorso personale dei medici. Sempre in questa logica è stato scelto di portare l'indagine empirica negli ospedali, i luoghi in cui maggiore è la presenza della medicina scientifica ed in cui la convivenza tra le due famiglie di cure è obbligata e quotidiana, a differenza dello studio privato in cui il medico non è costretto a venire a contatto che paradigmi di cura che non condivide.
Impostazione ed elaborazione teorica
Vista l'evoluzione e l'affollamento di pratiche e definizioni che caratterizza questa area di cura, una parte del lavoro teorico è stato dedicato non soltanto alla letteratura sociologica sull'argomento, ma anche ad una ricognizione sulle principali famiglie di pratiche curative che compongono la galassia delle medicine complementari, con l'intento di preparare il terreno alla indagine sul campo. Il focus della tesi si è concentrato comunque sulla relazione medico-paziente.
Impostazione ed elaborazione metodologica e tecnica
Sono stati condotti numerosi colloqui con medici analizzandone la traiettoria di avvicinamento alle medicine non convenzionali e rilevando una serie di profili motivazionali significativamente differenziati al loro interno e rappresentativi, estratti da colloqui in profondità attraverso ATLAS-TI. In seguito è stato indagato, con le stesse tecniche, l'inserimento dei medici di medicine non convenzionali all'interno del contesto ospedaliero, punto critico nella diffusione di questi metodi di cura.Organization of the thesis work , the performance and the level of treatment
The doctoral thesis had as its theme the doctor-patient communication in non-conventional medicine. The research started from the literature about the doctor-patient relationship on the one side and on alternative medicine (or complementary ) on the other. The idea behind the work was to understand the training of the doctors who actually practise complementary medicine to understand how active is the process of normalization of these treatments, which, starting from a position of marginality and conflict with scientific medicine, were gradually integrated with this. A path that the thesis was intended to investigate also concerning the personal training of the medical staff. Also in this vein has been chosen to lead the empirical investigation in hospitals, the places where the presence of scientific medicine is absolute and where the coexistence between the two families is not widespread nor simple.
Setting and theoretical development
Given the development and crowding of practices and definitions that characterizes this area of care, a part of the theoretical work has been devoted not only to the sociological literature on the subject, but also to a recognition of the main families of healing practices that compose the galaxy of complementary medicines, with the intent to prepare the ground for the field survey. The focus of the thesis, however, has been concentrated on the doctor-patient relationship.
Methodological and technical approach
Numerous interviews with doctors have been conducted, analyzing the trajectory of approach to non-conventional medicine and noting a number of motivational profiles significantly differentiated internally and representative, extracts from in-depth interviews with ATLAS -TI. It has subsequently been investigated, using the same techniques, the inclusion of non-conventional medicine doctors within the hospital context, which is the critical point in the dissemination of these treatment methods
MAPPING URBAN SOIL FROM ABOVE AND FROM BELOW: SOIL SEALING, GREEN AREAS AND PARTICIPATION
Full text linkNelle Agende internazionali, il consumo di suolo è riconosciuto come una delle principali issue ambientali. Il fenomeno è una delle maggiori minacce per i suoli poiché i servizi ecosistemici ad esso associati diminuiscono enormemente. A causa della multi-fattorialità delle dinamiche soggiacenti il fenomeno e degli impatti che esso provoca, viene considerato un fenomeno complesso. Per tale motivo, si rende fondamentale adottare un approccio olistico per una sua completa comprensione. In tale contesto, la GIScience e la geografia forniscono un insieme di strumenti in grado di sviluppare un'analisi sistemica e di integrarne le diverse dimensioni, per comprendere i processi geografici e le interazioni alle diverse scale territoriali, combinando approcci quantitativi e qualitativi. La tesi si articola quindi sviluppando le tre dimensioni principali della GIScience: i) pixel, ovvero l’uso di tecnologie spaziali e approcci che includano GIS e telerilevamento; ii) people, ossia la partecipazione di persone non esperte nella raccolta dei dati; iii) policies, ovvero la dimensione normativa e delle strategie al fine di fornire strumenti e raccomandazioni a stakeholders e policymakers. L'obiettivo generale della tesi intende indagare il fenomeno del consumo di suolo, verso una gestione urbana più sostenibile e inclusiva. Gli obiettivi specifici mirano a: i) valutare e mappare il consumo di suolo a diverse scale analizzando le principali fonti, metodologie e tecniche; ii) mappare e classificare il consumo di suolo testando un indice ecologico urbano; iii) mappare e stimare le aree verdi urbane per una pianificazione urbana sostenibile; iv) indagare il fenomeno dell'agricoltura urbana, concentrandosi sull'approccio agroecologico e su quali metodologie potrebbero essere utilizzate per adottare tale approccio nelle città; v) indagare le metodologie di mappatura partecipativa. Padova è stata selezionata come caso di studio paradigmatico, poiché è una città fortemente interessata da questo fenomeno e sulla quale si stanno attuando politiche per uno sviluppo urbano sostenibile. Gli obiettivi della tesi sono stati affrontati in cinque articoli, introdotti da quattro capitoli che inquadrano le attività di ricerca sviluppate nel dottorato. Il primo articolo "Geografia urbana e partecipazione nell'era digitale: tre esperienze a Padova tra GIScience e VGI" (2019, Bollettino della Associazione Italiana di Cartografia), affronta le metodologie partecipative a supporto della sostenibilità urbana; il secondo articolo "How to map soil sealing? A systematic review" (sottomesso il 20/11/2021 a ERL) presenta lo stato dell'arte sulle metodologie per mappare e valutare il consumo di suolo; il terzo articolo "Biotope Area Factor: An Ecological Urban Index to Geovisualize Soil Sealing in Padova" (2020, Sustainability) presenta una metodologia per mappare il fenomeno utilizzando un indice ecologico urbano a scala di dettaglio. Il quarto articolo “Whose urban green? Mapping and classifying public and private green spaces in Padua for supporting spatial planning policies" (2021, International Journal of Geo-Information) indaga le aree verdi e agricole puntando alla conservazione e valorizzazione di questi spazi. Infine, il capitolo "Smart Cities and Agroecology: Urban Agriculture, Proximity Food and Urban Ecosystem Services" presente nel libro "Drones and Geographical Information Technologies in Agroecology and Organic Farming: Contributions to Technological Sovereignty" (CRC Press, in pubblicazione) focalizza l'attenzione sui temi dell'agricoltura urbana e sulla sua scomparsa nelle pratiche delle smart cities, dimostrando come, sia possibile valorizzare queste aree per una città inclusiva. La presente ricerca intende rispondere ad una prima esigenza di aumentare le conoscenze geografiche sul consumo suolo. Ulteriori ricerche per monitorare il fenomeno potrebbero essere necessari per supportare una gestione urbana più sostenibile e inclusiva.Soil sealing is recognized as one of the main environmental issues debated in international and national Agendas. Moreover, it is considered as one of the major threat for soils, as ecosystem services drastically decrease when a natural or semi-natural surfaces are covered by artificial materials. Due to the different driving forces and impacts, soil sealing is considered a complex phenomenon. Therefore, dealing with it needs a holistic approach for a deeper understanding of the phenomenon.
In this framework, GIScience and geography give a set of integrated tools to perform a systemic analysis of soil sealing and to investigate its complex dimensions, by combining quantitative and qualitative methodologies. Hence, the thesis is articulated by developing the three main dimensions of GIScience: i) pixel, which combines spatial technologies and analyses approaches by including GIS and remote sensing techniques; ii) people, which include participation of non-expert people in spatial collection; iii) policy dimension, which investigates regulations and strategies developed to provide methodological tools and recommendations to stakeholders and policymakers.
Hence, the general objective of the thesis aims to investigate the complex phenomenon of soil sealing, focusing on its geographical dimension to achieve a more sustainable and inclusive urban management.
The specific objectives aim to: i) assess and map soil sealing at different scales of analysis by identifying and analyzing the main sources, methodologies and techniques; ii) mapping and classifying soil sealing in Padua by testing an ecological urban index; iii) mapping and assessing urban green spaces according to the property status for sustainable spatial planning; iv) investigating the phenomenon of urban agriculture in modern cities, focusing on agroecology approach and which methodologies might be used in order to adopt this practice in urban areas; v) investigating participatory mapping methodologies in support of urban sustainability analysis.
Padua was selected as a representative case study for analyzing soil sealing, in terms of magnitude of the phenomenon and of urban policies to be adopted.
Aims of the thesis were pursued and addressed in the five articles, introduced by four chapters framing the three years’ research activities.
The first article "Geografia urbana e partecipazione nell’era digitale: tre esperienze a Padova tra GIScience e VGI" (2019, Bollettino della Associazione Italiana di Cartografia), addresses participatory methodologies to support urban sustainability; the second article "How to map soil sealing? A systematic review" (submitted on November 2021 to ERL) presents the state of the art on methodologies and approaches to map and assess soil sealing; the third article "Biotope Area Factor: An Ecological Urban Index to Geovisualize Soil Sealing in Padua" (2020, Sustainability) presents a methodology to map soil sealing using an urban ecological index at a detailed scale. The fourth article "Whose urban green? Mapping and classifying public and private green spaces in Padua for supporting spatial planning policies" (2021, International Journal of Geo-Information) investigates green and agricultural areas focusing for the preservation and enhancement of these spaces. Finally, the chapter "Smart Cities and Agroecology: Urban Agriculture, Proximity Food and Urban Ecosystem Services" which appears in the book "Drones and Geographical Information Technologies in Agroecology and Organic Farming: Contributions to Technological Sovereignty" (CRC Press, in press) focuses attention on urban agriculture and its disappearance in the models and practices of smart cities.
Further applied researches both for monitoring soil sealing by using open geospatial data and technologies and to perform Ecosystem Services-based mitigation scenarios might be necessary to support a more sustainable and inclusive urban development and management
GIS and cartography for the mapping and valuation of “university green” in the context of strategies resilient to climate change
Full text linkL’implementazione delle cosiddette nature-based solutions e delle infrastrutture verdi rappresentano elementi necessari per far fronte all’attuale crisi eco-climatica in ambiente urbano e periurbano. Tuttavia, nell’ambito delle agende urbane locali, decisori politici e stakeholders considerano principalmente le aree verdi comunali, senza includere quelle di proprietà di altri attori pubblici o privati. Un ruolo chiave, spesso sottovalutato e poco investigato in numerose città, è svolto dal patrimonio delle università, caratterizzato da importanti sistemi vegetati arborei, arbustivi ed erbacei. Questo studio mira ad indagare le potenzialità delle aree verdi già esistenti nell’Università di Padova. Gli obiettivi specifici mirano a: i) quantificare e mappare il verde erbaceo e arboreo universitario, ii) valutare alcuni servizi ecosistemici da esso forniti in due aree studio rappresentative, iii) valutare come il verde universitario possa integrare le soluzioni sostenibili del Comune di Padova. La metodologia è stata sviluppata in ambiente GIS ed è stata strutturata in diverse fasi complementari tra loro, mediante l’uso di ortofoto e di rilievi partecipati sul campo. I risultati hanno mostrato che, su un totale di oltre 2 km2 di superficie appartenente o utilizzata dall’Università nella Regione del Veneto, il 27% (535.891 m2) sono aree verdi, di cui il 15% è arboreo/arbustivo mentre il 12% erbaceo. Si raggiunge il 65% del totale se vengono incluse anche le aree agricole. L’analisi dello stoccaggio e del sequestro di carbonio in due aree studio rappresentative dell’Università ha mostrato che, comparando questi valori con la carbon footprint delle emissioni di CO2 equivalente media per uno studente universitario, il contributo ai fini della mitigazione al cambiamento climatico delle aree verdi sia attualmente non rilevante. Data la localizzazione di questi spazi all’interno della città di Padova, i risultati mostrano invece il loro potenziale contributo in un’ottica di adattamento al cambiamento climatico, come ad esempio “rifugi climatici” durante le ondate di calore, attuando politiche di sinergia con le amministrazioni locali.The implementation of nature-based solutions and green infrastructure are essential strategies to cope with the current climate crisis in urban and peri-urban environment. However, within local urban agendas, policymakers and stakeholders mainly consider municipal green areas, without including those owned by other public or private actors. A key role is played by the heritage of universities, which is characterized by large vegetated systems. However, this potential is often underestimated and under-investigated in many cities. The study aims to investigate the potential of existing green areas in the University of Padua. The specific objectives aim to: i) quantify and map university herbaceous and arboreal greenery, ii) evaluate the carbon storage and sequestration ecosystem service in two representative study areas, iii) assess how university greenery can integrate the sustainable strategies of the Municipality of Padova. The methodology was developed in GIS environment, and it was organized in several complementary steps, by using orthophotos and participatory field surveys. The results showed a total of more than 2 km2 belonging to or used by the University in the Veneto Region: 27% (535,891 m2) are green areas, of which 15% are arboreal while 12% are herbaceous. If the agricultural areas are included, the overall result grows to 65%. The second result focused on the analysis of carbon storage and sequestration ecosystem service in two representative study areas of the University, and it was later related to the carbon footprint of equivalent average CO2 emissions of a university student. The comparison showed how the contribution of these green areas is currently limited for climate change mitigation. Instead, thanks to the location of these spaces within the city of Padua, the results show their potential contribution to climate change adaptation, such as climate shelters during heat waves, by implementing synergy policies with the local administration
Smart Cities and Agroecology: Urban Agriculture, Proximity Food and Urban Ecosystem Services
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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