1,720,959 research outputs found
Standardization of an In Vitro Seed Germination Protocol Compared to Acid Scarification and Cold Stratification Methods for Different Raspberry Genotypes
No full text: In raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) breeding programs, seed double dormancy causes delayed and low germination rates. In this study, an in vitro germination protocol was developed to increase raspberry seed germination rate and decrease germination time. This protocol was optimized on the cultivars “Polka” and “Tulamagic”, specifically, their open-pollinated seeds, by applying two different cutting types (transverse, or longitudinal), followed by two different treatments (direct in vitro culture at 24 ◦C, or 2 weeks at 4 ◦C followed by in vitro culture at 24 ◦C). The best results for both cultivars were obtained when seeds were cut transversally and directly cultured in vitro at 24 ◦C (germination rate 73–78%, starting germination time 4 days after treatment). The optimized in vitro protocol was applied to 14 different combination crosses, observing a germination frequency around 87%, and speed in line with “Polka” and “Tulamagic”. These results were compared to those from the 14 cross combinations having undergone acid scarification (95% H2SO4 for 30 min) and cold stratification (3 months), which, in comparison, only yielded a 25% average germination rate. The optimized in vitro protocol favors high germination efficiency for all raspberry genotypes tested, and presents advantages for the standardization of germination time and reduction in the parental genotypes’ impact on germination rate
The effect of different nitrogen fertilizations rate on fruit production and qualitative properties of three peach cultivars
No full textEvaluation of Single-Cropping under Reduced Water Supply in Strawberry Cultivation
Full text linkGenotype, environment, and cultivation system strongly influence strawberry yield and quality. Specifically, the growth of strawberry plants is dependent on the water supply. Nevertheless, the abuse of water in agriculture is necessitating the choice of the lowest water-consumptive plants. The following study showed the performance of ‘Romina’, ‘Sibilla’, and ‘Cristina’ cultivars, grown in open-field conditions, and treated with three doses of water (W): 100% local standard regime, and 20% (W80) and 40% (W60) reductions. The average amount of water administered for W100, W80, and W60 was 1120 m3 ha−1, 891 m3 ha−1, and 666 m3 ha−1, respectively. The water treatment at W60 negatively affected the plant growth and yield, resulting in reduced plant height, leaf number, leaf length and width, and a minor yield. Instead, fruit quality showed higher values of total soluble solids and titratable acidity. Conversely, plants watered with W80 showed results similar to the control (W100) in terms of development and yield. In conclusion, it is possible to assume that a reduction of water is desirable, guaranteeing economic and environmental gains for farmers
Physicochemical characterization of eighteen peach cultivars grown in the Mid-Adriatic area
No full textPeach is the species with the highest number of new cultivars licensed on the market. The genetic improvement of peach is focusing on multiple productive and quality aspects, even if the very high availability of cultivars with very different characteristics tends to confuse the producer when choosing a cultivar for a new orchard. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the varietal collection present in a farm located in the Mid-Adriatic area, in the Marche region (Italy), in order to explore at least in part, the variability of the peach market in this area and to investigate which cultivar presents fruits with the most interesting characteristics. The trial was carried out in 2020 year, and a total of 18 cultivars were involved (comprising both peaches and nectarines). To evaluate the fruit quality, the main physicochemical parameters (overcolor, caliber, firmness, soluble solids and titratable acidity content) were considered. The obtained results indicated that there is a great variability within the collection for the tested parameters, but some traits seems to be in some way related, as early ripening cultivars are usually associated with higher overcolor percentage, while some other cultivars stand out for the high fruit weight and sugar/acid ratio (‘Lady Erica’ and ‘Gea’) or for low sugar/acid ratio (‘Extreme Late’ and ‘Orion’). In conclusion, it is clear that both the consumers and the growers have a great possibility of choice among the available cultivars
Preliminary results of different strawberry cultivars in multi-cropping soilless cultivation
No full textTraditional strawberry cultivation techniques adopted by Italian farmers (open field and plastic tunnels) result in a concentration of production in the spring period (mid-April-early June, single cropping system); consequently, this results in over-supply of the market, with a consequent lower price for the grower. To overcome this problem, one solution could be the adoption of soilless protected culture in late summer, planting everbearing strawberry cultivars, in order to prolong the ripening period to the beginning of December. The everbearing cultivars tested were 'Murano' and 'Vivara'. Plants were cold-stored (A+ category) or mini-tray and were planted in mid-July 2019. The analysed parameters were productive (total plant/production and average fruit weight) and qualitative (fruit soluble sugar content and total acidity). The results showed a difference among cultivars on the adaptability to the soilless cultivation in the summer-autumn season, for both productive and qualitative parameters. 'Murano' showed the highest total plant yield, while the fruit quality as relatively low for both strawberry cultivars. These preliminary results confirm the potential of this cultivation system to extend the strawberry harvest season, to avoid over production and maintain a higher commercial fruit value for the grower
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Effect of wild genotype on strawberry fruit nutritional quality in UNIVPM breeding program
No full textIn recent years the lifestyle modification in modern society has put remarkable view in nutritional fruits. Among them strawberries are a very rich source of bioactive compounds (vitamin C and B9) and phenolic compounds (phenolic acids, flavonoids and anthocyanins). The nutritional properties of strawberries depend on the amount and characteristics of the bioactive and antioxidant compounds (such as polyphenols and vitamins). The effect of genotypes on fruit quality of strawberry is well known. In fact, the level of antioxidants and the total antioxidant capacity in strawberry extracts from whole fruits vary considerably among genotypes. For many strawberry breeding programs, including that from Università Politecnica delle Marche (UNIVPM), fruit quality components have increased in importance as targets for new cultivars in recent years. To this aim, wild germplasm, which is well-known to present high phytochemicals amount and to possess strong antioxidant activity, has been included in modern breeding program, in combination with cultivated strawberry. In this study, the genetic variability that originated from five types of interspecific cross-combination (F1, BC1 backcross, BC2 backcross, BC3 backcross, and BC4 backcross of Fragaria × ananassa × Fragaria virginiana glauca) at UNIVPM in the 2020 harvest season was analyzed, together with some commercial cultivars, by correlating fruit nutritional parameters. The concentration of the main bioactive compounds, such as phenolic acids, anthocyanins, vitamin B9 and vitamin C, were measured in a total of 54 genotypes through HPLC-UV-FLD. Results demonstrate the high variability in bioactive compounds composition among cultivars and breeding materials, underlying the importance of including wild germplasm for increasing fruit nutritional quality through breeding programs. In fact, results indicated the possibility to generate new cultivars producing fruit with high contents of polyphenols and vitamins, stable at the different cultivation cycles, to be labeled with a compositional claim
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