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"Our government has been spoiled, it requires improvement and not alteration" : Józef Andrzej Załuski’s concept of the functioning of constitutional system of the Nobiliary Republic
Full text linkJózef Andrzej Załuski, bishop of Kiev and the alleged author of Opisanie krótkie niektórych interessów
wewnętrznych Najjaśniejszej Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej w roku 1762 [Brief description of some
internal interests of the Eminent Polish Nobiliary Republic in 1762], tried to survey a series of opinions
and refl ections on the constitutional system of Poland at the decline of the reign of Augustus III
of Poland (Frederick Augustus II, House of Wettin) dynasty and the beginning of reign of Stanisław
August Poniatowski. The major element of Załuski’s analysis is his attitude toward liberum veto which
was one of the most crucial elements of the Polish constitutional system. While perceiving the negative
aspect of the abuse arising from the liberum veto, Załuski considered the latter to be the immanent
part of the Polish constitution. He therefore regarded the liberum veto as something unavoidable and as
something what produced a counterbalance vis-à-vis the voting by majority, the latter being applied in
England, Sweden and Denmark. It is easy to observe that Załuski was a fi rm opponent of the majority
vote system. What – in his opinion – was detrimental to the Polish Republic was the absence of the
effective implementation of good laws. As a result he did not see any need for the introduction of new
constitutional devices. The volume published by the bishop of Kiev assumed, to a large extent, also the
shape of polemics conducted by him with Stanisław Konarski and with the treaty of the latter On the
Effective Advic
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Jan Jerzy Przebendowski Deputy Crown Treasurer and Ostrów Wielkopolski benefactor : biographical draft
No full textAppropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
"...OUR GOVERNMENT HAS BEEN SPOILED, IT REQUIRES IMPROVEMENT AND NOT ALTERATION." JÓZEF ANDRZEJ ZAŁUSKI’S CONCEPT OF THE FUNCTIONING OF CONSTITUTIONAL SYSTEM OF THE NOBILIARY REPUBLIC Józef Andrzej Załuski, bishop of Kiev and the alleged author of Opis
Full text link"...OUR GOVERNMENT HAS BEEN SPOILED, IT REQUIRES IMPROVEMENT AND NOT ALTERATION." JÓZEF ANDRZEJ ZAŁUSKI’S CONCEPT OF THE FUNCTIONING OF CONSTITUTIONAL SYSTEM OF THE NOBILIARY REPUBLIC Józef Andrzej Załuski, bishop of Kiev and the alleged author of Opisanie krótkie niektórych interessów wewnętrznych Najjaśniejszej Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej w roku 1762 (Brief description of some internal interests of the Eminent Polish Nobiliary Republic in 1762), tried to survey a series of opinions and reflections on the constitutional system of Poland at the decline of the reign of August III of Vettin dynasty and the beginning of reign of Stanisław August Poniatowski. The major element of Załuski’s analysis is his attitude toward liberum veto which was one of the most crucial elements of the Polish constitutional system. While perceiving the negative aspect of the abuse arising from the liberum veto, Załuski considered the latter to be the immanent part of the Polish constitution. He therefore regarded the liberum veto as something unavoidable and as something what produced a counterbalance vis-à-vis the voting by majority, the latter being applied in England, Sweden and Denmark. It is easy to observe that Załuski was a firm opponent of the majority vote system. What – in his opinion - was detrimental to the Polish Republic was the absence of the effective implementation of good laws. As a result he did not see any need for the introduction of new constitutional devices. The volume published by the bishop of Kiev assumed, to a large extent, also the shape of polemics conducted by him with Stanisław Konarski and with the treaty of the latter On the Effective Advice
"Ta konfederacyja nie stała się contra Maiestatem..." : The Attitude of Jakub Zygmunt Rybiński, Voivode of Chełmno, during the Tarnogród Confederation (1715-1717)
No full textThe article aims to present the activity of the Voivode of Chełmno, Jakub Zygmunt Rybiński (d. 1725) during the Tarnogród Confederation (1715–1717). In the period when the movement of the nobility rebelled against the rule of the Saxon dynasty in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Rybiński commanded some of the troops that remained loyal to the king, and was involved in hit-and-run tactics against the Confederation’s forces. He did not show any remarkable military talents, as he suffered a defeat in the Battle of Wąchock on 30 November 1715. However, if the situation required it, he was able to oppose the Confederation using various political means, e.g. in the matter of suspending the judiciary. When analysing the collected primary sources, it can be concluded that among noblemen he enjoyed the reputation of a loyal servant to the king. At times this reputation proved to be a burden, when, for example, he received threats from radically anti-royal noblemen. However, in the most difficult period of the struggle between the nobility and the royal court, Jakub Zygmunt Rybiński did not abandon Augustus II, which did not mean that he fully and uncritically supported his political programme. He considered the king’s idea of radically strengthening the monarch’s power with the help of Saxon troops to be a mistake. He rightly predicted that it would cause indignation among noblemen. This was particularly evident in the period immediately preceding the outbreak of discontent in 1714 and early 1715. His attitude towards the Tarnogród Confederation evolved. Initially, he was a supporter of the armed suppression of the rebellion, but later he was increasingly inclined to resolve the conflict through negotiations
The "common good" or the particularism of the nobility? : the political system of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the first half of the eighteenth century
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