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Assessments of functional capacity in cardiac rehabilitation
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Comparison of heart rate response and heart rate recovery after step test among smoker and non-smoker athletes
Get PDFBackground: Exercise performance depend on the ability of the
cardiovascular system to respond to a wide range of metabolic demands
and physical exertion. Objectives: To investigate the habitual smoking
effects in heart rate response and heart rate recovery after step test
in athletes. Methods: Seventy-eight physically healthy active athletes
(45 non-smokers and 33 smokers) aging 27\ub18years old, participated
in this study. All participants completed the International Physical
Activity Questionnaire and performed the six-minute step test.
Cardiovascular parameters such (resting heart rate, peak heart rate,
heart rate at 1 min after testing, heart rate recovery, recovery time,
blood pressure at rest, and post-testing blood pressure) were recorded.
Results: Smoker-athletes had higher resting heart rate (76 \ub1 9bpm
vs. 72 \ub1 10bpm, p<0.05), maximum heart rate (154 \ub1 18bpm
vs. 147 \ub1 17bpm, p<0.05) and recovery time (7min 25sec \ub1
6min 31sec vs. 4min 21sec \ub1 4min 30sec, p<0.05) than non-smoker
athletes. Scores from the IPAQ were approximately the same (\u39c=7927
\ub1 10303, \u39c= 6380 \ub1 4539, p<0.05). Conclusion: Smoking
was found to affect athletes' cardiovascular fitness. The change of the
athletes\u2019 heart rate recovery and recovery time contributes to
the adaptation of cardiovascular function in training requirements
Incremental shuttle walking test to assess functional capacity in cardiac rehabilitation: a narrative review
No full textBackground/Aims Low functional capacity has been recognised to be the most important predictor of overall mortality compared to all other cardiovascular risk factors in patients with cardiovascular disease. Walk tests, such as the incremental shuttle walking test and the 6-Minute Walk Test, are used to assess functional capacity in patients, the effectiveness of a cardiac rehabilitation programme and the prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this review was to provide a narrative review of the literature and identify the key features of the incremental shuttle walking test as a measure of functional capacity testing in cardiac rehabilitation patients.
Methods The PubMed, MEDLINE, Elsevier and Google Scholar databases were searched for relevant scientific articles published up to March 2021 with no restriction on start day. The key words defined by researchers were ‘incremental shuttle walking test’, ‘exercise test’, ‘functional capacity’, ‘cardiovascular disease’, ‘cardiac rehabilitation’, ‘reliability’ ‘prediction; ‘walk tests’. A final set of 31 articles was included in this narrative review.
Results Evidence-based findings suggest that the incremental shuttle walking test is a valid, reliable, sensitive, useful tool for detecting and predict cardiorespiratory capacity.
Conclusions Clinicians can be confident that they can use the incremental shuttle walking test to monitor changes in functional capacity in patients with cardiovascular disease
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Long-term reliability of the incremental shuttle walking test in clinically stable cardiovascular disease patients
No full textObjective: The incremental shuttle walking test (ISWT) is a valuable tool for assessing changes in patients functional capacity during cardiac rehabilitation. However, studies have only assessed its test-retest reliability in the short term. The purpose of this study was to examine long-term test-retest reliability of the ISWT in clinically stable cardiac patients. Design: Test-retest reliability assessment. Setting: Continuous, community-based phase IV cardiac rehabilitation centre. Participants: Thirty patients with cardiovascular disease (15 males, 15 females; age 55 to 80 years) volunteered to participate in the study. Interventions: Participants undertook two ISWTs, a minimum of 8 weeks apart. Main outcome measures: ISWT performance in metres. Results: Overall, the mean distance walked in the pre-test was 502. ± 161 m and this did not differ from test to retest. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.80, indicating good test-retest reliability. Using the Bland and Altman method, there was a small mean test-retest difference (7 m). The 95% limits of agreement were large, ranging from 203 m to 189 m. Conclusions: Over long test-retest durations, there appears to be no learning effect in the ISWT, negating the need for a practice walk. The long-term random variation in the ISWT test is larger than in previous studies, probably due to greater physiological and psychological variation in the participants over 8 weeks compared with that seen in day-to-day testing. Factors influencing long-term test-retest reliability of the ISWT require further elucidation. © 2010 Chartered Society of Physiotherapy
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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