1,721,011 research outputs found
[Immunologic function in children with recurrent respiratory infections evaluated in a state of well-being]
No full textThe purpose of the study is to analise the immunological function of children suffering from RRI long after the last episode in order to evaluate whether the immunological abnormalities reported by several authors have to be considered implicated in the pathogenesis or the mere consequence of recurrent infections. 65 children who had been suffering from RRI in the previous winter (s) have been studied during the wellbeing condition of the following summer season. A defective T cell function was no longer found; the study of humoral immunity showed low values of IgA even though no child had an IgA selective deficiency (IgA below 5 mg% ml). These data suggest that T cell defective function has to be considered mainly secondary to infections. It is conceivable that in these children the recovery of T cell function is impaired by viral infections and is somewhat slower. On the other hand low values of IgA have been detected in a higher percentage with respect to the general population and could be considered typically associated with the RRI syndrome in children
Managing children under 36° months of age with febrile urinary tract infection: a new approach
No full textBackground- Recent guidelines on urinary tract infection
(UTI) agree on reducing the number of invasive procedures.
None of these has been validated by a long-term study. We
describe our 11-years experience in the application of a
diagnostic protocol that uses a reduced number of invasive
procedures.
Methods- We reviewed retrospectively the records of 406
children aged between 1 and 36 months at their first UTI.
All patients underwent renal ultrasound (RUS). Children
with abnormal RUS and those with UTI recurrences underwent
voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) and dimercaptosuccinic
acid (DMSA) renal scans.
Results- RUS after the first UTI was pathological in 7.4%
children; 4.4 % had a second UTI.We performed 48 VCUG:
14 patients (29%) had vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), 12 of
which showed an abnormal RUS while 2 had recurrent UTI.
After DMSA renal scan renal damage appeared in only 6 of
them (12.5%); all these children showed grade IV VUR.
Conclusions- The application of our guidelines leads to a
decrease in invasive examinations without missing any useful
diagnoses or compromising the child’s health
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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