307,399 research outputs found
T cells orchestrate intestinal mucosal shape and integrity
No full textT helper 1-type immune reactions in the gut cause important human diseases, such as Crohn's disease and coeliac disease. Here, Tom MacDonald, Mona Elliott and Sylvia Pender suggest that the tissue injury in these diseases is mediated not by the immune cells, but by cytokine-induced changes in keratinocyte growth factor and matrix metalloproteinase production by resident gut myofibroblasts
Claude Pender
No full textThis record was harvested from a previous catalogue system and will be withdrawn in 2025. Information in this record may be superseded or incomplete. Visit this record in UMA's new catalogue at: https://archives.library.unimelb.edu.au/nodes/view/250250Historical note: Walter Bennett was born in 1880 and began his training as a lithographic artist in 1893 in Ballarat, working for a time in F W Niven's firm in Ballarat. In 1898 he was employed by Kerry and Electric Photo Engraving Co. as an artist and photo-engraver and in 1900 he worked as an art teacher at Ballarat Art School. Bennett joined the Mines Department in Melbourne in 1904 as a lithographic draughtman and was promoted to chief draughtsman in 1928. From 1944 Bennett was employed as a cartographic draughtsman and artist for Australian Petroleum Company until his retirement in 1949. He died in 1967.
Inscription: Claude Pender, Artists' Dept. Niven's Ballarat 189779413
Item: [1982.0100.00005] "Claude Pender
Mary Rowena Pender
No full textThis glass plate negative labeled M. R. Pender is part of the Frank Fry Collection and shows Mary Rowena Pender (1860-1927), mother of Mattie Fry. Frank Emmett Fry (December 13, 1877-February 12, 1939), originally from Ohio, settled in western North Carolina around 1895. He was superintendent of the North Carolina Talc and Mining Company, located in Hewitt, NC (Swain County), and was also involved in the lumber industry. He married Martha "Mattie" Emerelda Pender (February 24, 1879-October 31, 1958), and the couple had seven children. Fry’s photography appears to date from the first decade of the 1900’s, and features images of Hewitt, Bryson City, and the surrounding area
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
A study of adsorption on electrodes using infrared spectroscopy
No full textThis thesis presents an in-situ study of benzonitrile and its mono fluoro derivatives adsorbed on a polycrystalline gold electrode. Electrochemically modulated infrared spectroscopy (EMIRS) produced adsorbate spectra and differential capacitance measurements were used to corroborate their findings. Benzonitrile and ortho fluoro benzonitrile were shown to adsorb in an upright position via the nitrogen lone pair electrons. As well as forming this adsorbate the meta and para fluoro derivatives were found to adsorb in a flat orientation via electron donation from the gold to the organic Π* antibonding levels. Extensive studies of para fluorobenzonitrile showed this latter adsorbate to be the stronger of the two. In addition the N-bonded adsorbate was greatly effected by the electrolyte cation. In the concluding chapter attempts were made to rationalize the adsorption behaviour of the different nitriles in terms of their electron energy levels. (D75977/87)</p
Environmental indicators for the urban environment : a literature review
No full textA vast body of literature exists on the genesis and evolution of environmental indicators of all varieties. This document attempts to track the somewhat complicated progress of urban environmental indicators, where they are in usage and to what avail. It also emphasises the search to narrow down the range of 'ideal' indicators. The literature suggests that as experience and practice with indicators grows both in Ireland and world-wide the key set of urban environmental indicators can help policy makers and the public track sustainability issues more effectively. Indicators thus have a valuable role to play in the future of sustainable planning for urban areas.European Regional Development Fund through the Operational Programme for Environmental Services 1994-199
Community natural resource management: the case of woodlots in northern Ethiopia
No full textThis paper examines the nature of community management of woodlots and investigates the determinants of collective action and its effectiveness in managing woodlots, based on a survey of 100 villages in Tigray, northern Ethiopia. We find that collective management of woodlots generally functions well in Tigray. Despite limited current benefits received by community members, the woodlots contribute substantially to community wealth, increasing members' willingness to provide collective effort to manage the woodlots. We find that benefits are greater and problems less on woodlots managed at the village level than those managed at a higher municipality level, and that the average intensity of management is greater on village-managed woodlots. Nevertheless, we find little evidence of differences in collective management of woodlots or its effectiveness on village vs. municipality-managed woodlots, after controlling for other factors. The factors that do significantly affect collective action include population density (higher collective labor input and lower planting density at intermediate than at low or high density), market access (less labor input, planting density and tree survival where market access is better), and presence of external organizations promoting the woodlot (reduces local effort to protect the woodlot and tree survival). The negative effect of market access suggests that higher opportunity costs of labor and/or increased “exit options” undermine collective resource management. The findings suggest collective action may be more beneficial and more effective when managed at a more local level, when the role of external organizations is more demand-driven, and when promoted in intermediate population density communities more remote from markets. In higher population density settings and areas closer to markets, private-oriented approaches are likely to be more effective.resource management, Forest management, Population density, Collective behavior, Ethiopia,
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Land lease markets and agricultural efficiency: theory and evidence from Ethiopia
No full textThis paper develops a theoretical model of land leasing that includes transaction costs of enforcing labor effort, risk pooling motives and non-tradable productive inputs. We test the implications of this model compared to those of the “Marshallian” (unenforceable labor effort) and “New School” (costlessly enforceable effort) perspectives using data collected from four villages in Ethiopia. We find that land lease markets operate relatively efficiently in the villages studied, supporting the New School perspective relative to the other two models. Land contract choice is found to depend upon the social relationships between landlords and tenants, but differences in contracts are not associated with significant differences in input use or output value per hectare. We find that other household and village characteristics do affect input use and output value, suggesting imperfections in other factor markets. These results imply that interventions to improve the functioning of land lease markets are likely to be of little benefit for agricultural efficiency in the villages studied, whereas improvements in other factor markets may be more beneficial.Land use Ethiopia., Agriculture Economic aspects Egypt.,
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