1,721,216 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The risk of acute myocardial infarction after stopping drinking
No full textBackground. Subjects at high risk of alcohol-related diseases may benefit from alcohol cessation. However, drinkers have a lower risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) than abstainers, and there is very scanty information on how the risk changes after stopping drinking. Methods. Between 1995 and 1999, we administered a structured questionnaire to 507 cases (378 men, 129 women) with a first episode of nonfatal AMI and 478 control patients (297 men, 181 women) admitted to the same network of hospitals in the greater Milan area for acute conditions. Results. Compared to lifelong abstainers, the odds ratio (OR) adjusted for age, sex, and several AMI risk factors was 0.56 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.41-0.84) for current and 0.65 (95% CI 0.37-1.15) for former drinkers (48 cases and 44 controls). The OR was 2.10 (0.40-11.1) for having stopped since 1 year, 0.64 (95% CI 0.19-2.16) for 2-4 years, 0.46 (95% CI 0.18-1.20) for 5-14 years, and 0.78 (95% CI 0.27-2.27) for ≥ 15 years. Conclusions. Although our data are too limited to draw any definite conclusion, they suggest that the protection of alcohol drinking against AMI may persist, at least in part, for several years after stopping. © 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Trends in adherence to the Mediterranean diet in an Italian population between 1991 and 2006
No full textBackground/Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate whether adherence to the Mediterranean diet changed during the period 1991-2006 in an Italian population. Subjects/Methods: We derived data from the comparison groups of a network of case-control studies on cancer and acute myocardial infarction conducted in the greater Milan area between 1991 and 2006. Subjects were 3247 adults (1969 women, 1278 men; median age 59 years) admitted to major teaching and general hospitals for a wide spectrum of acute conditions unrelated to long-term modifications of diet. Trained interviewers collected data on selected socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, lifestyle habits and other personal and familial factors. Information on diet was collected through an interviewer-administered, reproducible and validated food-frequency questionnaire. We computed a Mediterranean diet score (MDS) on the basis of nine a priori defined peculiar characteristics of the Mediterranean dietary pattern. Results: In multiple linear regression models, adjusted for age, education, place of birth and residence, and total energy intake, there was no significant association between the period of interview and MDS in both sexes. Subjects aged 55-64 years, those with high education, and those born in central and southern Italy showed the highest adherence to the Mediterranean diet in both sexes. Conclusions: In this population, adherence to the Mediterranean diet showed no significant change over the last 15 years. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2010) 64, 1052-1056; doi:10.1038/ejcn.2010.158; published online 18 August 201
Dietary folate and colorectal cancer
No full textFolate may be inversely related to colorectal cancer risk, possibly in combination with low methionine and high alcohol consumption. We considered, therefore, the relation between folate and colorectal cancer in a multicentric case-control study of 1,953 cases and 4,154 controls from Italy, i.e., a population with frequent regular alcohol drinking. In the overall data set, the odds ratio (OR) was 0.72 for the highest quintile of folate, and the continuous OR per 100 mug was 0.86. The inverse relation was similar in men and women and somewhat stronger for the rectum (OR = 0.59 for the highest quintile) compared to the colon (OR = 0.81). It was also somewhat stronger in the highest tertile of alcohol drinking (OR = 0.65), though trends were not heterogeneous across strata of alcohol, whereas no appreciable difference was observed across strata of methionine intake. Compared to subjects reporting low alcohol, high methionine and high folate intake, the OR was 1.83 for those reporting high alcohol, low methionine and low folate intake. The present findings support a favorable role of folate in colorectal carcinogenesis. (C) 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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