1,724,043 research outputs found
Pei-Yu Shi
No full textDie taiwanesische Komponistin Pei-Yu Shi komponiert sowohl für westliche als auch für chinesische Instrumente, sowohl für instrumentale als auch für technisch geprägte oder produzierte Klänge (vom Computerflügel bis zur Elektroakustischen Musik). In vielen Kompositionen greift sie Anregungen aus der chinesischen Poesie und Malerei auf - in einer Musik behutsam auch auf- und abbauender, gleichsam ein- und ausatmender Klangprozesse mit vielfältigen Beschleunigungen und Verlangsamungen, Klangbewegungen und Klangverfärbungen, Verdichtungen und Reduktionen, Spreizungen und Stauchungen im Tonraum, Einbettungen von Klängen in Stille. (Auszug Booklet
Persistence of innovations: determinants of persistence and the effect of openness on innovation persistence
No full textDue to the influence of innovation on the performance of firms, a significant body of knowledge has now been developed on firms’ innovation behaviour, especially innovation persistence. Innovation persistence is characterised by the relationship between past innovations and the current ones. This thesis contributes to the body of knowledge in innovation persistence by investigating persistence from three perspectives. First, this thesis investigates the innovation behaviour in times of unstable economic environment with the data covering the 2008 global financial crisis, while taking into account all four types of innovation and the effect of joint adoption. Second, this thesis seeks to deepen our understanding of the underlying causes of innovation persistence by examining the explanatory power of four theoretical explanations for the presence of innovation persistence with a novel measure of innovation persistence. This new measure indicates whether or not a firm continuously innovate. Finally, this thesis bridges the gap between the research fields of innovation persistence and open innovation. The importance of external linkages has been confirmed in a substantial body of innovation research. This thesis investigates how openness in terms of firms’ external search knowledge (i.e. search breadth and search depth) affects firms’ determination to persist in innovations.The research data used in this thesis is acquired from U.K. Community Innovation Survey (CIS) which is conducted at regular intervals by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) in order to trace firms’ innovative behaviour over time. The research data is retrieved from three waves of the CIS, from the sixth to the eighth waves covering the period from 2006 to 2012. Since the period of the research data overlaps with the global financial crisis burst in 2008. This thesis is able to inspect firms’ behaviour of innovation persistence in the financial crisis time. Findings of this thesis show that firms continue to innovate in times of the global financial crisis. There is innovation persistence in the product, process, organisational and marketing innovations. Moreover, complementarities between innovations increase firms’ tendency to persistent in innovation. The joint adoptions of product and process innovations and product and organisational innovations enhance the persistence in the process and organisational innovations, respectively.Prior studies have proposed four theoretical explanations for innovation persistence – 1) R&D sunk cost, 2) success-breeds-success, a virtuous cycle between innovations across time, 3) appropriation mechanisms used to protect firms’ innovation achievements, and 4) innovation competence which refers to firms’ capabilities to conduct innovations. The examinations of the four potential drivers of innovation persistence indicate that this potential reasoning behind innovation persistence is more capable of interpreting the underlying causes of persistence in product innovation than the persistence in the other three types of innovations – process, organisational and marketing. In addition, the determinants of innovation persistence change with the changing circumstances of the financial environment. Previous R&D investment does not encourage firms to persist in innovations during the global financial crisis period, but the R&D investment made in the crisis time stimulate firms to innovate continuously. The established external linkages encourage firms to continue to innovate in times of the global financial crisis while the same drivers have no significant influence on subsequent innovations after the global financial crisis.The effects of external search strategies are more profound in the persistence in product innovation than that in the other three types of innovation. Firms that search broadly are more likely to conduct product innovation and also to persist in product innovation. Besides, search depth has a positive influence on the persistence in marketing innovation. The cost-benefits analysis is much easier to be applied to a produce-based innovation than to the other types of innovation because the output of a product-based innovation tends to be a tangible property whose value could be clearly assessed. This characteristic of product-based innovations makes it easier for firms to make a contractual or collaborative arrangements with external parties.This thesis contributes to the literature by investigating innovation persistence in the context of an economic crisis and examining the underlying causes of innovation persistence This thesis also provides new insights of the effect of the openness, i.e. the firms’ external search strategies, on the firms’ propensity to continue to innovate
Organic matter influence on ooid formation: New insights into classic examples (Great Salt Lake, USA; Triassic Germanic Basin, Germany)
No full textOoids are coated grains composed of a tangential or radial cortex growing around a nucleus. They are common in carbonate deposits of almost any geological age and provide insights into environmental conditions. However, abiotic or biotic factors influencing their formation remain unclear. This study aims to advance current understanding of ooid formation with a multi-analytical approach (for example, field emission scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and micro X-ray fluorescence) to classic examples from Great Salt Lake, USA, and the Lower Triassic Germanic Buntsandstein Basin, Germany. Both of these deposits represent hypersaline shallow-water environments where ooids are closely associated with microbial mats. Great Salt Lake ooids are dominantly 0.2 to 1.0 mm in size, ellipsoidal to subspherical in shape, composed of aragonite and contain organic matter. Germanic Buntsandstein Basin ooids are mainly ≤4 mm in size, spherical to subspherical in shape, composed of calcite and currently contain little organic matter. Despite the differences, both ooids have the same cortex structures, likely reflecting similar formation processes. Some Great Salt Lake ooids formed around detrital grains while others exhibit micritic particles in their nuclei. In Germanic Basin ooids, detrital nuclei are rare, despite the abundance of siliciclastic particles of various sizes in the host rocks. Germanic Basin deposits also include ‘compound ooids’, i.e. adjacent ooids that coalesced with one another during growth, suggesting static in situ development, which is supported by the lack of detrital grains as nuclei. Germanic Basin ooids also grew into laminated microbial crusts with identical microstructures, further indicating a static formation. Such microbial crusts typically form through mineral precipitation associated with organic matter (for example, extracellular polymeric substances), suggesting a similar formation pathway for ooids. The inferred key-role of organic matter is further supported by features in radial ooids from the Great Salt Lake, which commonly exhibit, from their nuclei towards their surface, increasing organic matter contents and decreasing calcification.Göttingen Academy of Sciences and HumanitiesMinisterio de Ciencia e InnovaciónChina Scholarship CouncilUniversity of TübingenChina Postdoctoral Science FoundationAlexander von Humboldt FoundationDepto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y PaleontologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasTRUEpu
Neue Werke der ZKM-Gastkünstler Gianluca Ulivelli und Pei-Yu Shi
No full textIm Rahmen des Stipendiatenprogrammes des ZKM | Institut für Musik und Akustik (IMA) sind seit der Gründung des ZKM hunderte von Werken entstanden. »produced@« nimmt das Jubiläum »10 Jahre ZKM im Hallenbau A« zum Anlass, ausgewählte Lautsprecherwerke vorzustellen, die seit der Gründung des ZKM hier entstanden sind. Die drei international wirkenden Solisten Yukiko Sugawara, Christian Dierstein und Marcus Weiss – das Trio Accanto – konnten vom ZKM in Kooperation mit dem Berliner Festival Maerzmusik gewonnen werden, neue Werke der ZKM-Gastkünstler Gianluca Ulivelli und Pei-Yu Shi aufzuführen und führen so nach dem rückblickenden »tape concert« die aktuellsten Tendenzen am ZKM | IMA live vor Augen
A Bayesian approach to crossed-random-effects mediation analysis for zero-inflated mediators and binary outcomes
Full text linkIn crossed random effects designs, observations are nested in the combination of two random factors, e.g., subjects and stimuli. Such designs are popular in experimental research in social sciences. Crossed random effects models (CREM) can accommodate the random effects of both subjects and stimuli. Based on academic vocabulary research, the model of interest in the current study was a mediation model with crossed random effects, a zero-inflated mediator, and a binary outcome. With maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), the mediation model could not converge, which was consistent with the previous finding on analyzing CREM with MLE (Huang & Anderson, 2020). Therefore, the current study investigated whether Bayesian estimation can be a viable alternative as suggested by previous research. The simulation results indicated that Bayesian estimates were essentially unbiased and precise. There were only two out of 180 models did not converge; future studies can increase the iterations or use an informative prior to resolving the non-convergence issue. Moreover, a Bayesian method was developed to compute the mediation effect; the results of the Bayesian method closely aligned with the bootstrapping results. Lastly, the application of Bayesian estimation was demonstrated in an academic vocabulary study.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2023-05-01The student, Pei-Yu (Marian) Pan, accepted the attached license on 2021-03-22 at 18:01.The student, Pei-Yu (Marian) Pan, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2021-03-22 at 18:12.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2021-03-24 at 13:55.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #16206 on 2021-09-16 at 17:02:31Made available in DSpace on 2021-09-17T02:34:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
PAN-THESIS-2021.pdf: 7074351 bytes, checksum: 7fce4617603b61942bb0d62c5546b390 (MD5)
LICENSE.txt: 4207 bytes, checksum: 80cddd111cce490a15893b892c1dab16 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2021-03-24Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 118482
Lift date: 2023-09-17T02:34:57Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemAuthor requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I Onl
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The Analysis of China-Taiwan Diplomatic Competition in Central America in the Post-Cold War Era
No full text從1949年中共建政之後，我國與中共在全世界各地展開不同形式的外交競逐，一直到後冷戰時代，兩岸外交競逐的場域較明顯的，仍然是非洲及拉丁美洲加勒比海兩大區塊，其中，我國在非洲陸續失去塞內加爾、查德，並在2007年再度失去了馬拉威，目前僅剩下史瓦濟蘭、布吉那法索、甘比亞以及離島的聖多美普林西比四個國家，近年來亦沒有建立新的邦交關係；而在拉丁美洲與加勒比海方面方面，我國在後冷戰時代失去了格瑞那達及多米尼克，在2007年失去了我國在中美洲的重要邦交國-哥斯大黎加，但也在2007年重新恢復了與聖露西亞之間的邦交關係，對我國及中共而言，外交競逐的主要目標其中之一，就是對於我國的國際法理地位及國際生存空間之定義根據，而在2007年我國失去了哥斯大黎加以後，以往百分之百由我國所掌握的中美洲區塊，似乎也出現了外交警訊。後冷戰時代之後，所有拉美國家發展速度較以往快速許多，包括在政治方面，受到民主化的潮流影響，各國以紛紛由軍人強權統治轉為大部分以總統制為主的民主政體，但又在反美風潮的影響下，新興左派政黨透過民主的選舉方式紛紛在拉美各重要國家取得政權；在經濟方面，除了快速的自由化之外，區域統合似乎成為一種潮流，美洲在這方面的成就也是不遑多讓，不僅是「北美自由貿易區」(NAFTA)的成立使得美國、加拿大、墨西哥三國得以整合，在拉丁美洲更有六個經濟統合體在二次大戰之後陸續形成，其中由以南錐共同體(或稱南方共同市場)經濟力量最強大，也最有影響力；另外，後冷戰時代的拉丁美洲國家，亦開始追尋自己的國際地位及認同，因此各國對於國際多邊組織的積極參與亦是這個區域的另一重大轉變。綜合以上，在拉丁美洲轉變如此之大的現在，兩岸外交競逐應該要何去何從，是筆者關切的核心問題。冷戰時代兩岸在拉丁美洲地區的外交競逐更是我國重要對外政策議題之一，因為，筆者認為邦交國之存在於我國國際生存空間仍然是不可或缺，而拉丁美洲國家正是我國邦交國聚集的重要地區，尤其是中美洲地區，更是過去數十年來兩岸從事外交競賽的重要區塊，喪失這個區域的邦交國對我國而言，不僅在國際生存空間上損失慘重，更會失去他國給予的「外交承認」，影響不可謂不嚴重。因此，在後冷戰時代拉丁美洲的政經變遷是否會對拉美國家政治型態造成改變？是否有可能影響兩岸在此區域的政治勢力消長？以及兩岸目前拉美國家政經變遷之政策是否符合時宜？目前所採取的援助措施是否有修正必要？如何才能確保我國在此區塊的邦交關係？基於以上種種因素，筆者將本文研究範圍定為區域連動性相當強烈的中美洲，另外包含與中美洲互動密切的多明尼加及海地兩國，以免研究範圍過大而失焦。在本文中，筆者先評估我國過去與中共在拉丁美洲（尤其是中美洲、多明尼加及海地）之外交競逐及外交政策，並分析本文研究區域在後冷戰時代所產生的變化，其中也將包括分析「美洲自由貿易區」及「美國、多明尼加與中美洲五國自由貿易協定」的現況及過去整合過程作一系列的介紹，另外，筆者也將探討研究範圍國家在國際組織中的作為之改變，兼而分析對兩岸外交競逐之影響。後，筆者推論我國以及中共在回應中美洲、多明尼加及海地政經變遷所採取的方式，以及對於兩岸外交競逐之影響，之後討論兩岸在回應此議題的出發點異同以及回應方式上的交鋒與衝擊，最後筆者也將會全文作總結並對我國今後在中美洲、多明尼加及海地的外交政策提出建言After the Chinese Communist Party established the PRC government in 1949, the PRC government and the ROC government launched in the all world different kind of Diplomatic Competition. In the Post Cold War Era, the territory of the competition is still obviously focused on Africa, Latin America and Caribbean Sea Area. In the Post Cold War Era, ROC lost Senegal and Chad in Africa, and also lost Malawi in 2007. Recently, ROC only have Swaziland, Burkina Faso, Gambia ans Sao Tome and Principe in Africa, and there’s no new diplomatic relationship established in this era. In Latin America and Caribbean Sea, ROC lost Granada and Dominic in this era and in 2007, Roc also lost Cost Rica, Which is one of the most important country in Central America, but in the same year ROC regained the relation with Santa Lucia. For ROC and PRC, one of the essential target of the diplomatic competition, is regardinghe definition of the law status and the international existing space of ROC. As long as ROC lost Costa Rica in 2007, it seemed that there was a caution for ROC in the Central American area which is always well connected to ROC for the past 60 years. n the Post Cold War Era, Latin American countries developed very fast, and duo to the influence of the democratization, many countries transfered from military government to the the presidential system primarily democratic regime. Also because of th anti-America influence, the emerging left wing political party penetrated the democracy through the electral way to obtain the political power in Latin American; In the economical aspect, besides the fast liberalization, the regional integration becomes one kind of tidal current, those countries don’t spend much time in achievement. Not only “the North America free trading area” causes American, Canadian, the Mexican Three Kingdoms to be able the conformity, there is also six economical integration in Latin America after Second World War, and among them, the most influential integration should be MERCOSUD. Moreover, in the Post Cold War Era, Latin American countries also start to track down their own international recognition, therefore various countries participate in the international multilateral organization, and that would also be another significant transformation of this region. With the rapid change in Latin America, there will or will not exist change in the diplomatic competition of ROC and PRC is the main question which the author is concerned. n the Post Cold War Era, the diplomatic competition of ROC and PRC in the Latin America area are one of the important foreign policy subjects of ROC, because the existence of the diplomatic relation is still indispensable to the international existing space of ROC, and the Latin America country is precisely the most important region in the diplomatic relation of ROC, especially the Central America area. The Central America area is, in the past dozens of year, the most important sub-area of the ROC and PRC diplomatic competition. To ROC, the loss in this region is not only lost seriously in the international existing space, but also the loss of diplomatic acknowledge from other country. Therefore, whether the Latin America''s political and economical change can create the change in Post Cold War Era to the Latin American countries? Whether there is the possibility that the change will affect the political influence of ROC and PRC? Whether ROC or PRC’s present Latin American policy is appropriate to the occasion? How can ROC guarantee its diplomatic relations in this sub-area? Based on all sorts of factors above, the author decide the scope to this article as Central America, moreover containing Dominican Republic and Haiti, which had close interacts with Central America, in order to avoid oversized research scope. In this paper, the author discusses first the past diplomatic competition and the foreign policy between ROC and PRC in Latin America (in particular Central America, Dominica and Haiti), and then analyzed this the regional political and economical change in the Post Cold War Era, in which will also include the analysis of “the Free Trade Area of the Americas” and “American, Dominican and the Central America trade agreement.” Moreover, the author will also discuss the change of behavior about the participation of international organization of these countries, and then analyze the potential consequence in the diplomatic competition of ROC and PRC. fterwards, the author will discuss the potential responds of ROC as well as PRC in to the change of Central America, Dominica and Haiti, and also discuss the influence of the diplomatic competition. Moreover, the author will also discuss the similarities and differences as well as the confrontation and the impact of ROC and PRC in the diplomatic competition. In the end, the author will also propose some suggestion to the foreign policy of ROC in Central America, Dominican and Haiti''s the proposal.目 錄試委員會審定書 ………………………………………………………………… i謝 ……………………………………………………………………………… ii文摘要 ………………………………………………………………………… v文摘要 ………………………………………………………………………… vii一章 前言 …………………………………………………………………… 1一節 研究動機與目的…………………………………………………… 1二節 文獻回顧…………………………………………………………… 2三節 研究途徑與方法…………………………………………………… 3四節 研究架構…………………………………………………………… 5五節 研究限制…………………………………………………………… 6二章 兩岸與中美洲國家、多明尼加及海地關係之回顧…………………… 8一節 兩岸邦交國數目變化……………………………………………… 8二節 兩岸與中美洲國家及多、海建立外交關係之模式……………… 12三節 兩岸與中美洲國家及多、海貿易總量之變化…………………… 16四節 對兩岸對中美洲國家及多、海政經政策評估…………………… 23三章 後冷戰時代中美洲國家、多明尼加及海地政治經濟變遷趨勢……… 27一節 政治民主化………………………………………………………… 27二節 經濟自由化………………………………………………………… 30三節 區域經濟整合……………………………………………………… 32 第四節 國際組織之影響…………………………………………………… 45四章 中共因應中美洲國家、多明尼加及海地政經變遷之策略 ……………49一節 全球政治佈局之中的戰略………………………………………… 49二節 經濟整合佈局中之戰略…………………………………………… 53三節 在國際組織之中的戰略…………………………………………… 56四節 以兩岸關係出發的戰略…………………………………………… 59五章 我國因應中美洲國家、多明尼加及海地國家變遷之策略……………66一節 全球政治佈局之中的戰略………………………………………… 66二節 經濟整合佈局之中的戰略………………………………………… 68三節 以兩岸關係出發的戰略…………………………………………… 75四節 如何提升與中美洲國家、多明尼加及海地的政治連繫………… 76五節 評估與分析………………………………………………………… 82六章 評析兩岸中美洲國家、多明尼加及海地關係外交競逐條件與優劣…84 一節 外交競逐對於我國之意義………………………………………… 84二節 拉美政經變遷所潛在的外交危機………………………………… 85三節 兩岸競逐的優勢與劣勢分析……………………………………… 88四節 我國維繫外交關係方式的改變………………………………… 98五節 中美洲國家、多明尼加及海地關係競逐的未來發展…………… 100七章 結 論：對於未來政策制訂的建議…………………………………… 102考文獻.............................................................................................................. 11
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
- …
