1,721,094 research outputs found
“Engage with the future” : A brief summary of the 13th Pangborn Sensory Science Symposium
No full textThe 13th Pangborn Sensory Science Symposium, the most important conference in the sensory and consumer field, started in the afternoon of the 28th of July 2019 in Edinburgh, Scotland at the prestigious Edinburgh International Convention Centre. This edition - organized jointly by the conference chairs Professor Joanne Hort (Massey University, New Zealand), David Lyon (Firmenich, UK) Cindy Beeren (Leatherhead Food Research, UK) and by three different committees - collected more than 1168 delegates from over 50 countries around the world. Interestingly, at the event the attendees from industry (54%) were more than the one from academia (46%). The conference chairs welcomed the delegates on behalf of the organizing committee and illustrated the conference program and the 10 selected topics for this edition: cross cultural issues, digital opportunities and big data, emerging sensory and consumer science methodologies, fundamentals of perception, global resource challenges, health, lifestyle and wellbeing, next generation retail, sensometrics, sensory and consumer science through the lifespan (children, young, elderly) and another general section. These topics were extensively discussed by the participants during the 81 oral presentations - constituted by 3 keynote lectures, 8 plenary presentations and 70 other lectures held in 12 different parallel sessions - and during the two poster sessions where more than 500 posters were presented. The scientific committee made a selection of 28 posters that had the chance to be pitched by their authors through a 5-min flash presentation in two different sessions. At the event, 10 workshops and 6 learnshops were also held ranging on different topics from exploring individual eating experience to the role of social media in sensory and consumer research, passing by the role of context on product evaluation and on perfume elicited emotions. These interactive occasions, offered the possibility to actively participate at the discussion also through the usage of different apps to fill online questionnaires and to perform sensory tests on different products. The event offered many different networking opportunities between the delegates and the 37 exhibitors, as evidenced by the active discussion at the oral presentations, the poster sessions, during the coffee and lunch breaks and during the gala dinner organized in the suggestive location of the National Scotland Museum
The new trends and challenges for sensory and consumers sciences : Outcomes from EUROSENSE 2018, a sense of taste
No full textThe 8th European Conference on Sensory and Consumer Research (EUROSENSE) took place in Italy, 2–5 September 2018 in the “fair Verona”, birthplace of Shakespeare's Romeo & Juliet novel. The conference was organized by Professor Erminio Montelone (University of Firenze, Italy. Conference Chair) together with an organizing committee - composed of 9 member of the Italian Sensory Science Society (SISS) - and the international scientific committee in association with Elsevier, the European Sensory Science Society (E3S) and the SISS. There were a total of 727 delegates from 26 countries all around the world even if the majority was from the European Union (73%). The conference chair welcomed the delegates on behalf of the organizing committee and illustrated how the conference was organized and the list of selected topics for this edition. In particular scientific topics were divided in two categories: the category sensory for comprehensive of topics related to health, innovation, sustainability, eating out, and individual differences and the category other fields of sensory which included genetics, mind science, text analysis, statistics, advanced instrumental analysis and new technologies. This edition was also the occasion to present the first results from the Italian Taste project, a 3 year project born in 2015. The collaboration of more than 21 research unities across Italy collected data from 3185 subjects with the final aim of studying the link between sensitivity, liking and eating habits of Italians. EUROSENSE 2018 was the opportunity to have a complete overview on all the different research outcomes and current trends in the sensory and consumer science field. Lectures and posters covered many different themes of both fundamental and applied research. There were a total of 75 oral presentations constituted by 9 keynote lectures and 66 other lectures held in five parallel sessions divided in 9 major themes: sensory for health, understanding consumers, eating out and context studies, individual differences, emotions in sensory and consumer studies, sensory for sustainability, instrumental measuring for sensory, mind science for sensory and advancement in sensory methods. It should also be mentioned that different workshops on sensory topics where held at the conference. Three different tutorials on temporal sensory methods, Bayesian methods for sensory and consumer data and sensometrics were held just before the beginning of the conference while four other workshops were run during the parallel sessions. Poster presentation numbered 386 (24 had the opportunity to be presented through flash presentations during plenary) and a total of 590 abstracts were submitted to the scientific committee. The posters covered a wide range of topics and complemented the oral presentations. They were presented in two really afternoon poster presentation sessions
PTR-MS applications inside the SISTERS project– Preventing food loss and waste of fresh vegetables by monitoring quality decay through VOCs emissions
Full text linkEthnicity, gender and physiological parameters : Their effect on in vivo flavour release and perception during chewing gum consumption
No full textIn this study, the impact of physiological parameters, ethnicity and gender on flavour perception and flavour release of chewing gum was investigated. Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometry in-nose monitoring of volatile organic compounds was coupled to discontinuous time intensity sensory evaluation for mint flavour and sweetness perception. Each of the 29 subjects, 14 European and 15 Chinese panelists (13 male and 16 females, age 24 ± 1.4 years old) consumed the samples in triplicates. Physiological parameters (oral cavity volume, salivary flow, acetone and isoprene concentration and fungiform papillae density) were measured. Significant differences for in vivo flavour release between Chinese and European panelists after 90 s of consumption and after the gum was removed from the mouth were found. Significant differences were observed also in flavour and sweetness perception while no gender effect was detected. In this work, for the first time an effect of ethnicity on in-nose flavour release monitored through PTR-MS was noticed during chewing gum consumption, in agreement with the findings from sensory evaluation. Single physiological parameters do not explain the relation between flavour in nose release and perception during consumption.</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The effect of clay water content in the Jet Erosion Test
No full textThe understanding of the onset of breaching induced by surface erosion is fundamental to enable definition of the level of protection afforded by embankments and provision of standards for the design of new structures and the upgrading of existing ones. Compacted embankment materials are generally partially saturated due to seasonal variation in the water content. At the onset of the overflow process embankments undergo to a wetting process due to the changes at the outer surface boundary conditions (i.e. overflow). Erosion behaviour is known to be a counterbalance between gravity forces and shear erosion forces. However, as the particle size decreases (i.e. clayey soils), gravitational forces become negligible and electrochemical interaction between particles play a dominant role. Clay microstructure (e.g. particle configuration and inter-particle forces) changes with the hydro-mechanical stresses history. Thus, it is necessary to consider the microstructural changes in particle configuration to understand the influence of microstructure on the macroscopic behaviour of clay during erosion. Upon wetting, clay have a swelling/collapse behaviour. This research presents experimental results on erosion of clay samples compacted at the same initial dry density but with different compaction water content. The influence of different wetting times on erosion is also investigated. We show that for a given as-compacted water content, the longer the wetting stage, and hence the higher the sample water content, the more erodible the samples. Additionally, for samples compacted at the same dry density, the ones compacted on the dry side of optimum are more erodible than samples compacted at the optimum water content, despite the lower water content at formation. We hypothesise that this may be due to the formation of a different initial microstructure in sample on the dry side of optimum (i.e. bi-modal pore size distribution). Our results contribute to the fundamental understanding of time-dependent mechanisms that influence erosion of clay embankments during overflow and, hence, to embankment failure. In addition, these tests show how basic concepts of unsaturated soil mechanics can serve as a guide to ‘design’ the compaction conditions of embankment material
A microstructural insight into the compression behaviour of scaly clays
No full textScaly clays are intensely fissured clays with lens shaped elements of millimetre size and show a complex compression behaviour that poses challenges to the design and construction of geostructures (excavations, retaining diaphragms, and tunnels). Scaly clays show a Normal Compression Line (NCL) where plastic deformation accumulates as typically observed in non-scaly clays. Yet the response observed upon unloading and subsequent reloading is very peculiar, i) the unloading-reloading cycle is typically a close-loop with relatively large hysteresis; ii) the compressibility recorded at high OCR ratio of the unloading or reloading branches is close to the NCL compressibility. This paper presents a microstructural study on an Italian scaly clay where SEM observations are integrated with Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry (MIP) analyses and X-ray Computed Tomography (XCT) images. The mechanism associated with the closing of inter-scale porosity and the generation of new intra-scale porosity was identified as the process responsible for the plastic deformation. Experimental observation of reconstituted clay showed a "quasi-reversible" behaviour upon loading and unloading and a pore size distribution characterized only by interparticle porosity. The observation that unloading and reloading curves are parallel in natural and reconstituted clays, led to postulate that the interparticle porosity is controlling the elastic response
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