1,720,981 research outputs found
Three- or four-factor prothrombin complex concentrate for emergency anticoagulation reversal: what are we really looking for?
No full textNo abstract availabl
Pathophysiology of Bleeding in Surgery
No full textBleeding is a major surgical complication. Although mortality rates of 0.1% are observed for surgical procedures, it may be 5% to 8% for elective vascular surgery, and increase to 20% in the presence of severe bleeding. In major surgery for liver diseases, as well as in cardiac surgery, excessive blood loss is associated with increased mortality, morbidity, and intensive care stay. Approximately 75% to 90% of intraoperative and early postoperative bleeding is due to technical factors. However, in some cases either acquired or congenital coagulopathies may favor, if not directly cause, surgical hemorrhage. Uncontrolled bleeding leads to a combination of hemodilution, hypothermia, consumption of clotting factors, and acidosis, which in turn worsen the clotting process, further exacerbating the problem in a vicious bloody circle. At present, the standard treatment for surgical bleeding is the rapid control of the source of bleeding by either surgical or radiological techniques. Blood-derived products as well as hemostatic agents, such as aprotinin, tranexamic acid, and DDAVP, are widely used to improve hemostatic balance in bleeding patients. Recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) has been reported to be effective for the treatment of surgical or traumatic massive bleeding unresponsive to conventional therapy. Although most reports are anecdotal, and therefore exposed to a positive selection bias, the number of cases is impressive, strongly suggesting that in such patients rFVIIa may afford a hemostatic advantage beyond that of conventional replacement therapy.Bleeding is a major surgical complication. Although mortality rates of 0.1% are observed for surgical procedures, it may be 5% to 8% for elective vascular surgery, and increase to 20% in the presence of severe bleeding. In major surgery for liver diseases, as well as in cardiac surgery, excessive blood loss is associated with increased mortality, morbidity, and intensive care stay. Approximately 75% to 90% of intraoperative and early postoperative bleeding is due to technical factors. However, in some cases either acquired or congenital coagulopathies may favor, if not directly cause, surgical hemorrhage. Uncontrolled bleeding leads to a combination of hemodilution, hypothermia, consumption of clotting factors, and acidosis, which in turn worsen the clotting process, further exacerbating the problem in a vicious bloody circle. At present, the standard treatment for surgical bleeding is the rapid control of the source of bleeding by either surgical or radiological techniques. Blood-derived products as well as hemostatic agents, such as aprotinin, tranexamic acid, and DDAVP, are widely used to improve hemostatic balance in bleeding patients. Recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) has been reported to be effective for the treatment of surgical or traumatic massive bleeding unresponsive to conventional therapy. Although most reports are anecdotal, and therefore exposed to a "positive" selection bias, the number of cases is impressive, strongly suggesting that in such patients rFVIIa may afford a hemostatic advantage beyond that of conventional replacement therapy. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Mondor's disease after implant-based breast reconstruction. Report of three cases and review of the literature.
No full textMondor’s disease (MD) is a benign condition consisting of trombophlebitis and consequent phlebosclerosis of super- ficial veins of the anterolateral thoracic wall, and typically presents as a superficial vertical band of two-to-five mm in diameter descending from the inframammary fold to the inguinal region. MD of the breast is generally related to trauma or surgery, and normally develops with a delay of three-to-six weeks.1 It has been described after breast reduction and implant-based breast augmentation.1,2 An incidence up to 12% has been reported in breast cancer patients
Mondor's disease after implant-based breast reconstruction. Report of three cases and review of the literature
No full textMondor’s disease (MD) is a benign condition consisting of trombophlebitis and consequent phlebosclerosis of super- ficial veins of the anterolateral thoracic wall, and typically presents as a superficial vertical band of two-to-five mm in diameter descending from the inframammary fold to the inguinal region. MD of the breast is generally related to trauma or surgery, and normally develops with a delay of three-to-six weeks.1 It has been described after breast reduction and implant-based breast augmentation.1,2 An incidence up to 12% has been reported in breast cancer patients
Posttraumatic massive bleeding: a challenging multidisciplinary task.
No full textMassive bleeding is a key issue in the treatment of trauma and surgery. It does in fact account for more than 50% of all trauma-related deaths within the first 48 h following hospital admission, and it can significantly raise the mortality rate of any kind of surgery. Despite this great clinical relevance, evidence on the management of massive bleeding is surprisingly scarce, and its treatment is often based on empirical grounds. Successful treatment of massive haemorrhage depends on better understanding of the associated physiological changes as well as on good team work between the different specialists involved in the management of such a complex condition. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the pathophysiology as well as of current treatment options of such a condition, including the new concept of "damage control resuscitation", which integrates permissive hypotension, haemostatic resuscitation and damage control surgery
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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