77 research outputs found
Det danske boligmarked - udvikling i boligforsyning og boligønsker
No full textEfter en lang periode uden nævneværdig offentlig debat om boligproblemer og situationen på boligmarkedet er disse emner kommet meget i fokus i af 2001. Dette har affødt et behov for en mere aktuel belysning af forholdene. Formålet med denne undersøgelse har på baggrund heraf været at give et mere kvalificeret billede af udviklingen i boligproblemerne og situationen på boligmarkedet i dag. Undersøgelsen er baseret på nye data om befolkningens boligønsker, indhentet ved en særlig surveyundersøgelse, og nye registerdata om udviklingen i befolkningens boligforhold.Rapporten er udarbejdet for By- og Boligministeriets Byforum ved et ligestillet samarbejde mellem Statens Byggeforskningsinstitut (By og Byg/ SBi) og Amternes og Kommunernes Forskningsinstitut (AKF). By og Byg har udarbejdet kapitlerne 6-8 og 11. AKF har stået for kapitlerne 2, 4, 5, 9 og 10. Kapitel 3 er delt mellem de to institutter, således at By og Byg har skrevet afsnit 3.1-3 og AKF 3.4. Fra By og Byg har seniorforskerne Hans Skifter Andersen, Hedvig Vestergaard, Georg Gottschalk og Dan Ove Pedersen deltaget. Fra AKF er det direktør Nils Groes, forskningsleder Henrik Christoffersen og forsker Karsten Bo Larsen, som har deltaget. Undersøgelsen er gennemført i perioden februar-juni 2001
En sti er en sti - eller?:Udvalgte resultater fra projektet <em>Rum og rammer for aktivt udeliv</em>
No full textResearch indicates that physical surroundings and outdoor facilities have an impact on peoples active outdoor recreation. Most research however has a quantitative approach, and there seems to be a lack of research and knowledge regarding people’s preferences and experiences of places related to their activity and their motives for being active in the outdoors. The study Rum og rammer for aktivt udeliv [Spaces for Active Outdoor Recreation] intends to study specific places and analyse how and why these places correspond to motives and needs from selected groups of users. Methods are case studies using observation and qualitative interviews.In this article we present selected results regarding motives for outdoor recreation and meanings and implications of paths to mountain bikers and runners. Results show both important differences and similarities with regard to motives and to meanings and implications of paths between mountain bikers and runners.The study underlines the importance of taking a qualitative approach looking at specific places and specific groups. It gives valuable knowledge to be used in planning and designing for active outdoor recreation with perspectives to improving people’s health and quality of life.<br/
En sti er en sti - eller?:Udvalgte resultater fra projektet <em>Rum og rammer for aktivt udeliv</em>
No full textResearch indicates that physical surroundings and outdoor facilities have an impact on peoples active outdoor recreation. Most research however has a quantitative approach, and there seems to be a lack of research and knowledge regarding people’s preferences and experiences of places related to their activity and their motives for being active in the outdoors. The study Rum og rammer for aktivt udeliv [Spaces for Active Outdoor Recreation] intends to study specific places and analyse how and why these places correspond to motives and needs from selected groups of users. Methods are case studies using observation and qualitative interviews.In this article we present selected results regarding motives for outdoor recreation and meanings and implications of paths to mountain bikers and runners. Results show both important differences and similarities with regard to motives and to meanings and implications of paths between mountain bikers and runners.The study underlines the importance of taking a qualitative approach looking at specific places and specific groups. It gives valuable knowledge to be used in planning and designing for active outdoor recreation with perspectives to improving people’s health and quality of life.<br/
Same-sex marriage, autoimmune thyroid gland dysfunction and other autoimmune diseases in Denmark 1989-2008
No full textAutoimmune diseases have been little studied in gay men and lesbians. We followed 4.4 million Danes, including 9,615 same-sex married (SSM) persons, for 47 autoimmune diseases in the National Patient Registry between 1989 and 2008. Poisson regression analyses provided first hospitalization rate ratios (RRs) comparing rates between SSM individuals and persons in other marital status categories. SSM individuals experienced no unusual overall risk of autoimmune diseases. However, the risk of autoimmune thyroid dysfunction was increased, notably Hashimoto's thyroiditis (womenSSM, RR = 2.92; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.74-4.55) and Graves' disease (menSSM, RR = 1.88; 95 % CI 1.08-3.01). There was also an excess of primary biliary cirrhosis (womenSSM, RR = 4.09; 95 % CI 1.01-10.7), and of psoriasis (menSSM, RR = 2.48; 95 % CI 1.77-3.36), rheumatic fever (menSSM, RR = 7.55; 95 % CI 1.87-19.8), myasthenia gravis (menSSM, RR = 5.51; 95 % CI 1.36-14.4), localized scleroderma (menSSM, RR = 7.16; 95 % CI 1.18-22.6) and pemphigoid (menSSM, RR = 6.56; 95 % CI 1.08-20.6), while Dupuytren's contracture was reduced (menSSM, RR = 0.64; 95 % CI 0.39-0.99). The excess of psoriasis was restricted to same-sex married men with HIV/AIDS (menSSM, RR = 10.5; 95 % CI 6.44-15.9), whereas Graves' disease occurred in excess only among same-sex married men without HIV/AIDS (menSSM, RR = 1.99; 95 % CI 1.12-3.22). Lesbians and immunologically competent gay men in same-sex marriage face no unusual overall risk of autoimmune diseases. However, the observed increased risk of thyroid dysfunction in these lesbians and gay men deserves further study.</p
Europas bedste offentlige arbejdsplads: Ledelsesstilen er 90 procent ”ledelsesløs”
No full textJob-, Aktivitets og Kompetencecenteret (JAC) ligger i Gentofte og blev Europas bedste offentlige arbejdsplads i 2019 (Great Place to Work). En særlig ledelsesstil er nøglen til de bemærkelsesværdige resultater:JAC kalder det ”90 procent ledelsesløs”. Ledelsesretten, retten til at bestemme, bruges kun i 1) personalesager og 2) til at sætte rammen for beslutninger, som medarbejderne skal tage om vigtige emner som strategi, økonomi, organisering og rekruttering. Det stiller store krav til lederes rammesætning og procesledelse. Artiklen introducerer kort et teoretisk grundlag efterfulgt af en case, der viser den ”90 procent ledelsesløse” tilgang i praksis
Childbirths and risk of female predominant and other autoimmune diseases in a population-based Danish cohort
No full textTo evaluate the possible biological role of pregnancy on the risk of autoimmune diseases we assessed associations between reproductive history and subsequent risk of autoimmune diseases characterized by female predominance and other autoimmune diseases. Our study cohort comprised 4.6 million Danes born since 1935 for whom a complete record of childbirths was available. Cohort members were followed for hospital contacts for 31 autoimmune diseases from 1982 to 2008. Female predominant autoimmune diseases were those with a female:male sex ratio >2:1. Ratios of first hospitalization rates were calculated using Poisson regression, adjusting for potential confounding by age, birth cohort, calendar period and marital status. During 45.5 million person-years of follow-up 102,260 women were hospitalized with one or more autoimmune diseases. Overall, compared with childless women, women with children were at a relative risk of 1.04 (1.02-1.06) for any autoimmune diseases, 1.11 (1.08-1.14) for female predominant and 0.97 (0.95-1.00) for other autoimmune diseases. Possibly biologically related associations with parity were found for Hashimoto thyroiditis (1.11; 1.00-1.24), Graves' disease (1.19; 1.14-1.24), erythema nodosum (1.15; 1.01-1.32), psoriasis (1.08; 1.01-1.15), sarcoidosis (1.17; 1.06-1.28) and systemic lupus erythematosus (0.83; 0.74-0.93). Especially the one-year postpartum period was associated with an increased risk of Hashimoto thyroiditis, Graves' disease and sarcoidosis. Overall, parity was associated with an 11% increased risk of female predominant autoimmune diseases. Pregnancies resulting in liveborn children therefore seem to contribute only little to the general female predominance in autoimmune diseases. However, for a number of autoimmune diseases; especially autoimmune thyroid diseases, erythema nodosum and sarcoidosis parity might somehow be involved in disease development
Stress during Pregnancy and Offspring Pediatric Disease: A National Cohort Study
No full textBackground: Identifying risk factors for adverse health outcomes in children is important. The intrauterine environment plays a pivotal role for health and disease across life. Objectives: To conduct a comprehensive study to determine whether common psychosocial stress during pregnancy is a risk factor of a wide spectrum of pediatric diseases in the offspring. Methods: The study was conducted in a population-based sample of mothers with live singleton births (N=66203, 71.4% of those eligible) from the Danish National Birth Cohort, using prospective data. We estimated the association between maternal stress during pregnancy (classified based on two a priori defined indicators of common stress forms, life stress and emotional stress) and offspring diseases during childhood (grouped into 16 categories of ICD-10 diagnoses based on data from national registries), controlling for maternal stress after pregnancy. Results: Median age at end of follow-up was 6.2 (3.6-8.9) years. Life stress (highest compared to lowest quartile) was associated with an increased risk of conditions originating in the perinatal period [odds ratio (OR)=1.13; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.06-1.21] and congenital malformations (OR=1.17; CI=1.06-1.28), and of the first diagnosis of infection [hazard ratio (HR)=1.28; CI=1.17-1.39], mental disorders (age 0-2.5 years: HR=2.03; CI=1.32-3.14), eye (age 0-4.5 years: HR=1.27; CI=1.06-1.53), ear (HR=1.36; CI=1.23-1.51), respiratory (HR=1.27; CI=1.19-1.35), digestive (HR=1.23; CI=1.11-1.37), skin (HR=1.24; CI=1.09-1.43), musculoskeletal (HR=1.15; CI=1.01-1.30), and genitourinary diseases (HR=1.25; CI=1.08-1.45). Emotional stress was associated with an increased risk for the first diagnosis of infection (HR=1.09; CI=1.01-1.18) and a decreased risk for the first diagnosis of endocrine (HR=0.81; CI=0.67-0.99), eye (HR=0.84; CI=0.71-0.99), and circulatory diseases (age 0-3 years: HR=0.63; CI=0.42-0.95). Conclusions: Maternal life stress during pregnancy be a common risk factor for impaired child health. The results suggest new approaches to reduce childhood diseases
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