169,922 research outputs found
peda: comprehensive damage assessment for production environment server systems
No full textAnalyzing the intrusion to production servers is an onerous and error-prone work for system security technicians. Existing tools or techniques are quite limited. For instance, system events tracking lacks completeness of intrusion propagation, while dynamic taint tracking is not feasible to be deployed due to significant runtime overhead. Thus, we propose production environment damage assessment (PEDA), a systematic approach to do postmortem intrusion analysis for production workload servers. PEDA replays the has-been-infected execution with high fidelity on a separate analyzing instrumentation platform to conduct the heavy workload analysis. Though the replayed execution runs atop the instrumentation platform (i.e., binary-translation-based virtual machine), PEDA allows the first-run execution to run atop the hardware-assisted virtual machine to ensure minimum runtime overhead. Our evaluation demonstrates the efficiency of the PEDA system with a runtime overhead as low as 5%. The real-life intrusion studies show the advantage of PEDA intrusion analysis over existing techniques. © 2006 IEEE.AFOSRFA9550-07-1-0527; AROW911NF-09-1-0525; NSFCNS-0905131; AFRLFA8750-08-C-0137; NSFC61073179Analyzing the intrusion to production servers is an onerous and error-prone work for system security technicians. Existing tools or techniques are quite limited. For instance, system events tracking lacks completeness of intrusion propagation, while dynamic taint tracking is not feasible to be deployed due to significant runtime overhead. Thus, we propose production environment damage assessment (PEDA), a systematic approach to do postmortem intrusion analysis for production workload servers. PEDA replays the has-been-infected execution with high fidelity on a separate analyzing instrumentation platform to conduct the heavy workload analysis. Though the replayed execution runs atop the instrumentation platform (i.e., binary-translation-based virtual machine), PEDA allows the first-run execution to run atop the hardware-assisted virtual machine to ensure minimum runtime overhead. Our evaluation demonstrates the efficiency of the PEDA system with a runtime overhead as low as 5%. The real-life intrusion studies show the advantage of PEDA intrusion analysis over existing techniques. © 2006 IEEE
Design aspect of temperature controlled piston extrusion system for formation of peda- milk based sweet
No full textA piston extrusion system was designed for formation of peda (milk based sweet). The system is comprised of a jacketed cylindrical barrel, piston, cylindrical die, and temperature controlled water circulator. Piston mechanism was used for pressurized extrusion of the peda into disc shape using cylindrical die. Rotary type cutting blade was used to cut the formed peda’s at the bottom of the die. Developed system was evaluated on the basis of barrel temperature (26, 30 and 34°C), pressure (270, 540, 810 kPa) and die geometry (1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2). Temperature and moisture content of peda mix were the critical factors affecting formation of peda. Quality of extruded peda sweets pieces were judged on the basis of weight, density, geometrical features (diameter and sphericity), deformation and edge sharpness.</jats:p
First evidence of microplastic ingestion by the European grayling, Thymallus thymallus, in sub-Arctic regions: Insights on plastic pollution and preliminary risk assessment in the Teno River (Finland)
No full text: Marine litter pollution affects even remote environments such as the Arctic regions and their biodiversity. However, due to the inaccessibility and difficulty of regular observations in these environments, further studies are needed to fill the knowledge gaps. In this regard, the present investigation provides new insights on microplastic contamination levels in Arctic riverfish by analyzing, for the first time, plastic ingestion by the European grayling Thymallus thymallus from the Teno River (northern Finland), an important fishery resource and vulnerable species; and performing a preliminary ecological risk assessment of microplastics in the Finnish river using the European grayling. Plastic abundance and characterization were explored, and microplastic concentrations and polymer hazardous were also used to assess human and environmental risk. The higher frequency of occurrence (%O = 50) observed in the riverfish and the characterization of the extracted plastic confirm that riverine environment is one of the main pathways for microplastic pollution in Arctic regions and suggest the influence of the surrounding environment and human activities, mainly recreational fishing. Finally, the preliminary risk assessment highlights an ecological threat to the Teno River. This research represents a first step for the study of a commercially important Arctic freshwater species as well as in remote Arctic rivers and support identification of priorities, the application of management strategies and further environmental and human-health risk assessments according to the recommendation of Arctic Monitoring Plan and Monitoring Guidelines
Effect of Packaging Materials on Storage Stability of Traditional Indian Dairy Confection Peda
No full textPeda, a heat desiccated traditional dairy product popular in northern India suffers from poor shelf life due loss of moisture from the surface, mold growth, rancidity etc. Packaging plays an important role in controlling microbial growth as well as biochemical changes and the shelf life can be increased by changing the packaging system. In the present study the role of packaging materials on the storage stability of peda was evaluated at ambient (30±1⁰C) and refrigerated (7±1⁰C) conditions. Peda was prepared in the laboratory from standardized cow milk (4.5% fat and 8.5% SNF) with addition of 8% sugar on the basis of milk and kept without packaging (P0) as well as packaged in two most suitable packaging materials viz. paper box (P1) and polypropylene pouches (P2). During storage the sensory quality, physico-chemical properties, texture profile and microbiological quality was carried out at regular interval. It was found that the rate of most of the quality deteriorative parameters was rapid in P0 followed by P1 and P2 at both storage temperatures. Based on the results obtained in this study it can be concluded that at ambient temperature peda samples could be best preserved up to 4 days without packaging, 8 days in paper box and 14 days in polypropylene pouches whereas refrigerated samples kept well up to 20, 30 and 50 days in P0, P1 and P2 respectively
Importanza della citologia esfoliativa nella dignosi precoce del carcinoma epidermoidale
No full textGoing Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Mitomycin C in highly myopic eyes - Author reply
No full textOphthalmology. 2005 Feb;112(2):208-18; discussion 219.
Mitomycin C modulation of corneal wound healing after photorefractive keratectomy in highly myopic eyes.
Gambato C, Ghirlando A, Moretto E, Busato F, Midena E.
SourceRefractive Surgery Service and Antimetabolite Therapy Research Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of topical mitomycin C in corneal wound healing (CWH) after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in highly myopic eyes.
DESIGN: Prospective, double-masked, randomized clinical trial.
PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-two eyes of 36 patients affected by high (>7 diopters) myopia.
METHODS: In each patient, one eye was randomly assigned to PRK with intraoperative topical 0.02% mitomycin C application, and the fellow eye was treated with a placebo. Postoperatively, mitomycin C-treated eyes received artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months), whereas the fellow eye was treated with fluorometholone sodium 2% and artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), contrast sensitivity, manifest refraction, and biomicroscopy. Contrast sensitivity was determined using the Pelli-Robson chart. Corneal confocal microscopy documented CWH.
RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 18 months (range, 12-36). No side effects or toxic effects were documented. At 12-month follow-up examination, UCVAs (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) were 0.4+/-0.48 and 0.5+/-0.53 (P = .03) in mitomycin C-treated eyes and corticosteroid-treated eyes, respectively. At 1 year, corneal haze developed in 20% of corticosteroid-treated eyes, versus 0% of mitomycin C-treated eyes. At 12, 24, and 36 months, corneal confocal microscopy showed activated keratocytes and extracellular matrix significantly more evident in untreated eyes (Ps = 0.004, 0.024, and 0.046, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Topical intraoperative application of 0.02% mitomycin C can reduce haze formation in highly myopic eyes undergoing PRK.
Comment in
Ophthalmology. 2006 Feb;113(2):357; author reply 357-8
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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