1,720,956 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
CO-PYROLYSIS OF WOOD AND CHICKEN MANURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ENGINEERED BIOCHAR-BASED SLOW-RELEASE FERTILIZERS
No full textCO-PYROLYSIS OF WOOD AND CHICKEN MANURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ENGINEERED BIOCHAR-BASED SLOW-RELEASE FERTILIZERS
No full textAppropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Manure biochar as a potential promising adsorbent for Cd-polluted soil remediation
No full textThe Campine region in Flanders is well-known for its highly cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soils due to past anthropogenic activities. Enhanced Cd exposure can cause cellular damage in plants, and consequently reduces crop growth and plant quality (Jozefczak et al., 2014). Currently, few cost-effective and non-destructive remediation techniques exist (Tang and Ni, 2021). Therefore, alternative soil remediation techniques should be assessed. Biochar is a solid material that is produced by pyrolysis of biomass. Because of its functional surface, it can be used as a cost-effective adsorbent for various (in)organic pollutants in soils and waste waters (Sizmur et al., 2017). However, differences in biochar properties will affect their adsorption performance. Therefore, suitable biomass streams and biochar production conditions should be selected to increase adsorption efficiency. Biochars from eight biomass feedstocks (spent peat, green waste, chicken manure, coffee grounds, flax shives, insect frass, tree bark and apple wood) were subjected to pyrolysis at 450 and 600 °C (pilot-scale rotary kiln reactor) and evaluated for their Cd removal efficiency (CRE) in a buffered 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES) solution (0.025 M Cd; pH = 6; 1:20 solid:liquid ratio) for ten days. The results show that CRE varied from 4 to 96 wt.% with the highest CRE by chicken manure biochars (94-96 wt.%). Insect frass biochar (produced at 450 °C) also had a high CRE (77 ± 4 wt.%). All the other biochars exhibited a CRE below 50 wt.%. A 10-day kinetic adsorption study in the MES solution was executed on four biochars (450 °C) (tree bark, spent peat, insect frass and chicken manure) due to their divergent adsorption performance. A 24-hr desorption step with 0.01 M Ca(NO3)2 was executed to investigate the leachability of the adsorbed Cd. Chicken manure biochar showed the fastest Cd removal rate with a removal of 93 ± 1 wt.% within one day, while the Cd removal of insect frass biochar started at 41 ± 2 wt.% and gradually increased to 77 ± 4 wt.%. Cd Leaching from the loaded biochar was limited (< 10 wt.%) but spent peat biochar leached approx. two times more Cd compared to chicken manure biochar. Future pot and large-scale plant growth experiments with these biochars will provide more insight on their performance in real-life scenarios. This will open new possibilities for the remediation of Cd-contaminated soils
Manure biochar as a potential promising adsorbent for Cd-polluted soil remediation
No full textThe Campine region in Flanders is well-known for its highly cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soils due to past anthropogenic activities. Enhanced Cd exposure can cause cellular damage in plants, and consequently reduces crop growth and plant quality (Jozefczak et al., 2014). Currently, few cost-effective and non-destructive remediation techniques exist (Tang and Ni, 2021). Therefore, alternative soil remediation techniques should be assessed. Biochar is a solid material that is produced by pyrolysis of biomass. Because of its functional surface, it can be used as a cost-effective adsorbent for various (in)organic pollutants in soils and waste waters (Sizmur et al., 2017). However, differences in biochar properties will affect their adsorption performance. Therefore, suitable biomass streams and biochar production conditions should be selected to increase adsorption efficiency. Biochars from eight biomass feedstocks (spent peat, green waste, chicken manure, coffee grounds, flax shives, insect frass, tree bark and apple wood) were subjected to pyrolysis at 450 and 600 °C (pilot-scale rotary kiln reactor) and evaluated for their Cd removal efficiency (CRE) in a buffered 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES) solution (0.025 M Cd; pH = 6; 1:20 solid:liquid ratio) for ten days. The results show that CRE varied from 4 to 96 wt.% with the highest CRE by chicken manure biochars (94-96 wt.%). Insect frass biochar (produced at 450 °C) also had a high CRE (77 ± 4 wt.%). All the other biochars exhibited a CRE below 50 wt.%. A 10-day kinetic adsorption study in the MES solution was executed on four biochars (450 °C) (tree bark, spent peat, insect frass and chicken manure) due to their divergent adsorption performance. A 24-hr desorption step with 0.01 M Ca(NO3)2 was executed to investigate the leachability of the adsorbed Cd. Chicken manure biochar showed the fastest Cd removal rate with a removal of 93 ± 1 wt.% within one day, while the Cd removal of insect frass biochar started at 41 ± 2 wt.% and gradually increased to 77 ± 4 wt.%. Cd Leaching from the loaded biochar was limited (< 10 wt.%) but spent peat biochar leached approx. two times more Cd compared to chicken manure biochar. Future pot and large-scale plant growth experiments with these biochars will provide more insight on their performance in real-life scenarios. This will open new possibilities for the remediation of Cd-contaminated soils
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
