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    Le Freud-Kreis. Structures changeantes d’un cercle, d’un mouvement et d’une institution

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    Le Freud-Kreis est un groupe qui apparaît d’abord comme cercle, devient ensuite un mouvement, puis une institution. Le présent texte cherche à mettre en lumière la forme et la structure changeante de la psychanalyse à Vienne à partir de la création de la Mittwochsgesellschaft. Il s’agira de retracer l’émergence puis l’élargissement de ce qu’on en est venu à appeler Freud-Kreis dans le contexte historico-culturel viennois de l’entre-deux-guerres. Durant cette période se succèdent la chute de l’empire, l’institution de la Première République durant la révolution démocratique, la destitution de la démocratie par le coup d’État austro-fasciste de 1933-1934 et les quatre ans de l’État autoritaire sous Dollfuss, enfin l’Anschluss de 1938 qui marque la fin de l’Autriche – mais pas de la psychanalyse à Vienne. En s’appuyant sur les recherches historiographiques sur les débuts du mouvement psychanalytique, ce texte examine notamment le processus d’institutionnalisation et la forme d’organisation de la création freudienne à partir d’une philosophie de la société qui différencie les sphères privée, publique et politique en se servant des concepts développés au sein de la théorie psychanalytique de groupe.Der „Freud-Kreis” ist eine Gruppe, die als Kreis, als Bewegung und als Institution in Erscheinung tritt. Der vorliegende Text versucht, diese wechselnden Formen und Strukturen der Psychoanalyse nach der Gründung der Mittwochsgesellschaft zu erhellen. Dabei wird das Auftauchen und die anschließende Ausweitung dieses sogenannten Freud-Kreises im Kontext der sozio-kulturellen und politischen Situation im Wien der Zwischenkriegszeit nachvollzogen. Diese Zeit reicht vom Zerfall der Monarchie und des Imperiums mit der Einsetzung der 1. Republik im Zuge der demokratischen Revolution von 1918/19, über die neuerliche Abschaffung der Demokratie durch den Coup des austrofaschistischen Dollfuss-Regimes bis zum Anschluss, der das vorläufige Ende Österreichs, nicht aber der Psychoanalyse in Wien markiert. Ausgehend von den historiographischen Forschungen über die Anfänge der psychoanalytischen Bewegung, versucht der Text den Institutionalisierungsprozess aus der Perspektive einer Gesellschaftsphilosophie zu verstehen, die zwischen privater, öffentlicher sowie politischer Sphäre unterscheidet und sich dafür auch der Zugangsweisen bzw. Begriffe bedient, welche die gruppenpsychoanalytische Theoriebildung aus ihrer klinischen Praxis in den acht Jahrzehnten seit ihrer Gründung hervorgebracht hat.The “Freud-Kreis” is a group which appears as a circle, then becomes a movement, and finally an institution. The text retraces the changing forms and structures of psychoanalysis after the creation of the Mittwochsgesellschaft. It examines the emergence and extension of this circle in a specific socio-cultural and political situation: Vienna during the period between the two wars. This period begins with the fall of the Empire and the instauration of the First Republic during the Democratic Revolution in 1918/19, leads to the abolition of Democracy during the coup of the Austro-fascist Dollfuss regime, and finishes with the Anschluss by Nazi Germany. This event marks the end of the Republic but not of psychoanalysis in Vienna. The text works with historiographic research about the beginnings of the psychoanalytic movement. The author tries to understand the process of institutionalization from a socio-philosophical perspective grounded in the articulation between a private, a public, and a political sphere. She, therefore, works with concepts created by philosophy and group analytic theory

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

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    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis

    La biopolitique et l’institution démocratique entre agissement inconscient et action délibérée

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    L’article réévalue les concepts de biopolitique et de démocratie (ou plutôt d’autonomie) à l’aune d’un chiasme entre agissement inconscient et action délibérée

    Chiasmen

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